The concept of "three-yin and three-yang" in Shanghan Lun (Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases), a classic written by Zhang Zhongjing in Han Dynasty, has been always the focus of dispute in successive dynasties. The essence of "three-yin and three-yang" has not been fully revealed up till now. Through studying the six divisions of day and night, the six diseases, the combination of syndromes, the complicated diseases, the complete recovery time and the space division of "three-yin and three-yang", the authors draw a conclusion that the "three-yin and three-yang" in Shanghan Lun is a concept of time-sequence, which is associated with the location of disease in space. So it is suggested that the "six diseases" in Shanghan Lun is a categorization for exogenous febrile diseases, and this categorization reveals a sort of inner relationship between the emergence, development, transformation of the febrile diseases and the time.

Objective To explore the clinical application of determination of troponin I(cTnI) by enzyme linked fluorescent(EL-FA) method .Methods The concentration of cTnI in serum was detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay(CLIA) method and ELFA method .The precision test ,linear test ,recovery test and interference test were done on ELFA method .The correlation analy-sis was done on the results of cTnI detected by ELFA method and CLIA method .Results Determination of the concentration of cTnI by ELFA method ,the intraassay coefficient of variation(CV) of high(30 .00 μg/L cTnI) and low (0 .12 μg/L cTnI) values were 2 .81% and 1 .62% ,the interassay CV were 5 .67% and 3 .52% .Reliable detection range detection of ELFA method was 0 .00-30 .00 μg/L .When the total bilirubin concentration less than 450μmol/L ,hemoglobin concentration less than 1 .5 g/L ,three glycerol concentration less than 7 .0 mmol/L ,the ELFA method for the determination of cTnI was without interference .Determina-tion of the concentration of cTnI had a good correlation between ELFA method and CLIA method(r=0 .971) .Conclusion The EL-FA method has good precision ,recovery and linear range ,and has a good correlation with the CLIA method ,and the ELFA method is rapid and convenient ,suitable for the emergency inspection ,can satisfy the clinical requirements .

BACKGROUND:The success of the preservation of vital pulp in carious deciduous teeth depends not only on determining the health status of the pulp,but also on selecting the most suitable pulp capping agent.At present,the commonly used pulp capping agent materials contain calcium hydroxide preparation and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).Recently,new biomaterials,such as Bioaggregate,Biodentine,and TheraCal,with good biocompatibility and good edge sealing,have been developed and extensively used.OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacies of MTA,calcium hydroxide preparation,Biodentine and TheraCal LC that are commonly used in pediatric dentistry in the preservation of vital pulp in carious deciduous teeth.METHODS:This prospective,single-center,randomized controlled clinical trial will be conducted in Chengdu Maternal and Child Center,China.Children with deep caries of deciduous teeth,who will be scheduled to undergo indirect pulp capping,direct pulp capping,and vital pulpotomy,will be selected and randomized into four groups according to pulp capping agents:MTA group,calcium hydroxide group,Biodentine group and TheraCal group.Patients will receive return visit at postoperative 3,6 and 12 months during follow-up.By using X-ray,we will observe and compare the speed and quality of the formation of the dentin bridge with different biomaterials,and assess the reason for the failure of treatment.This trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCT03220360,on July 14,2017.The study protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Chengdu Maternal and Child Center,China (approval number:20170506).All protocols will be performed in accordance with the Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects in the Declaration of Helsinki.Written informed consent will be provided by each patient and their family members after they indicated that they fully understood the treatment plan.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:This study will compare the efficacies of various biomaterials in the preservation of vital pulp in carious deciduous teeth.New materials Biodentine and TheraCal will be selected in classical technique to verify their efficacies and explore their superiorities.Classical materials calcium hydroxide and MTA will be selected as controls,which will be separately used in indirect pulp capping,direct pulp capping,and vital pulpotomy to provide reliable choices for clinicians.

BACKGROUND: Vitrification is a comparatively new technology which applies high concentration cryoprotectant and rapid refrigeration. By the method, the cells were quickly frozen and to avoid damage by ice crystals inside and outside. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of four cryoprotectants on morphology and function of ovarian tissue in rats after vitrification. METHODS: The rats were randomly assigned into six groups with 6 rats for each: DMSO + EG, DMSO + EG + sucrose, DMSC +EG + sucrose + acetamide, EG + sucrose + acetamide, ovariectomized, and normal control groups. The ovarian tissues of four freezing groups were treated with the corresponding cryoprotectants, the vitrified ovarian tissues were then resected but not frozen and transplanted; otherwise, tissues were not treated with any treatment in the normal control group. Two weeks after freezing, the tissues were thawed and heterotopic-transplanted into femoribus intemus of hind limb. At 30 days after implantation, vaginal epithelial cells and estrus cycle were observed, while after three months, blood were collected to detect the level of estradiol (E2) and the ovarian tissues were reclaimed to analyze their morphological changes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All ovarian tissues were damaged after cryoprersarvation in four freezing groups. The rates ot healthy primordial follicles were 67.9%, 71.6%, 80.5%, and 59.4%, respectively, while healthy primary follicles were 41.6%, 52.3%, 55.9%, and 36.7%, respectively. In all freezing groups, the rate of the healthy follicles in DMSO + EG + sucrose + acetamide group was higher than DMSO + EG group and EG + sucrose + acetamide group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the proportion of follicles at different development stages among four groups. The typical secondary follicle was not found in four groups. Damaged ovotid showed oocyte pyknosis and vacuolation in cytoplasmic area. There was not typical cell type of all freezing groups. Ovarian autografting gained visible vascularity from surrounding tissue that connected ovarian tissue to form net. There was a lot of blood capillary in transplanted ovarian tissues and clumped primordial follicles in cortical substance. The rates of primary follicles and secondary follicles were lower than primordial follicles. The level of serum estradiol was obviously decreased compared with normal control group (P < 0.01). There was significant difference between DMSO + EG + sucrose + acetamide group and other three freezing groups (P < 0.05). Four kinds of freezing methods have poor effects on different stages of follicles and the structure of ovariarn tissue. DMSO + EG + sucrose + acetamide group is an optimal protocol for cryoprerserving ovarian tissue. Freezing methods still need to explore further because the rats had not appeared disciplinary estrus cycle after ovarian autoqrafting.

Objective To evaluate the effect of colquhounia root tablet on the expression of tight junction proteins claudin-5 and ZO-1 in the renal tissues of rats with acute lung injury (ALI).Methods Twenty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-300 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =8 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),ALI group;and colquhounia root tablet group (group H).Oleic acid 0.04 ml/kg was injected into the trail vein to establish the model of ALI.In group H,colquhounia root tablet 600 mg · kg-1 · d-1 was instilled into the stomach of each rat for 10 consecutive days,and oleic acid was injected at 1 h after instillation on 10th day.Blood samples were collected from the abdominal aorta at 6 h after injection of oleic acid for determination of plasma creatine (Cr) and blood urine nitrogen (BUN) concentrations.The animals were then sacrificed.The lungs were removed for determination of wet/dry lung weight ratio (W/D ratio),and for examination of the pathological changes.The kidneys were removed for determination of the expression of claudin-5 and ZO-1 (by immunohischemistry assay and Western blot) and for examination of the pathological changes.The damage to the renal tubules was scored.Results Compared with group C,W/D ratio,plasma Cr and BUN concentrations,and renal tubular damage score were significantly increased,and the expression of claudin-5 and ZO-1 was down-regulated in group ALI (P＜0.01).Compared with group ALI,W/D ratio,plasma Cr and BUN concentrations,and renal tubular damage score were significantly decreased,and the expression of claudin-5 and ZO-1 was up-regulated in group H (P＜0.01).The pathological changes of lungs and kidneys were significantly attenuated in group H as compared with group ALI.Conclusion Colquhounia root tablet can attenuate kidney injury through up-regulating the expression of tight junction proteins claudin-5 and ZO-1 in the renal tissues of rats with ALI.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and surgical techniques of vaginal sacrospinous ligament fixation,which was used for treatment of uterine prolapse and vaginal prolapse of the top.Methods 25 patients with uterine prolapse and vaginal vault prolapse were treated with VSSLF,and its feasibility and effiency was analyzed.Results All patients were successfully conducted the surgical indexing method based on POP-Q,25 cases of uterine prolapse,vaginal anterior and posterior wall prolapse and urinary incontinence and other symptoms all had been corrected.There was no intraoperative and postoperative bleeding or pelvic organ injury in surgry.25 patients recovered well after operation,postoperative morbidity,not observed in other complications associated with surgery.All the patients were followed up for 24 months,patients'cervix 4 cm from the hymen edge,related symptoms disappeared or improved significantly.Conclusion Vaginal sacrospinous ligament fixation is a safe,simple,effective and minimally invasive surgery for uterine prolapse and vaginal prolapse of the top.

Objective:To investigate the relationship of family history , psychosocial factors of PD (Parkinson's Disease) in a rural population in north China. Methods: A case control study was conducted in rural population in China. Cases (n=77) have been diagnosed by a two-phase screening by neurologists and interviewers in May, 2000. Controls (n=154), randomly selected from the same cohort, who were matched with patients (control/cases ra-tio=2) for sex, age (?5 years). Information of participants' characteristics came from the interview in 2001. Data was analyzed by using conditional logistic regression by SAS 6.12. Results: Family history (OR=13.54) .negative life events (OR=3.02), interpersonal communication (OR=2.10) were associated with a significantly elevated risk for the onset of PD. Conclusion: These results indicate that family history, psychosocial factors were risk factors of PD.

The fusion gene between echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) has recently been identified as a new molecular target of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ clinical trials have observed remarkably clinical efficacy of ALK inhibitors in NSCLC patients harboring EML4-ALK translocations, with response rates exceeding ＞ 80%. Investigation of EML4-ALK's biological functions and its correlation with clinical characteristics may shed some light on a new treatment strategy for NSCLC.

The revolution of moderm medical model promoted the infiltration and insection on Medical Science,Human social science and related subjects.Human social science is the guiding and ensuring on the mode of Biology-Psychology-Society-Environment built.It is the needs of times and inesorable trend of the development on medical science to promote the education of human social science and improve the synthetical quality of medical students.

To study the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of omental and mesenteric stromal tumor, 8 cases of stromal tumor were investigated, and followed up. The results showed that these tumors were solitary nodule, most were large. Histologically, cytoplasmic eosinophilia and perinuclear vacuolization were often seen in omental and mesenteric stromal tumor of spindle cell type. 3 cases showed epithelioid cytologic features. An immunohistochemical study showed that all the patients were C kit positive (100%),7 were CD34 positive, whereas 6 were SMA positive, positive expression of p53 and PCNA was found in 2 cases of malignant stromal tumor, Lower expression of PCNA was observed in 1 case of benign one.The results suggested that omental and mesenteric stromal tumors have distinct clinicopathological features, the expression of C kit and CD34 plays an important role in its diagnosis.