Objective To observe the adsorption of fentanyl by different materials of the analgesic pump reservoir. Methods The concentrations of fentanyl in pump reservoirs,which were made by different materials （glass,silica gel,polyvinyl chloride,non polyvinyl chloride） were detected with the time by high-performance liquid chromatography. The measurement was repeated three times.Results Fentanyl concentration in these reservoirs decreased with time,which decreased 6.3% in silica gel reservoir （P0.05）,2.7% in non polyvinyl chloride（P0.05）,1.5% in PVC and 1.2% in glass bottles.Conclusion Fentanyl citrate will be adsorbed by different materials of analgesia pump reservoir within 72 h,and the adsorption sequence was silica capsule,non polyvinyl chloride,polyvinyl chloride,and glass bottles.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of sitagliptin phosphate combine with acarbose on blood glucose,blood lipid and the serum glucose transporter 4(GLUT4)in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS:86 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into control group and observation group,43 cases in each group. All patients received guidance about diet,exercise and living habits,etc.,as well as the care about psychology and medication. Based on it,control group was given Acarbose tablet 50 mg/times,tid,chewing when a meal;observation group was given Acarbose tablet(the same dosage and usage)+ Sitagliptin phosphate tablet 100 mg/times,qd,orally. They were treated for 3 months. Fasting blood glucose(FBG),2 h postprandial blood glucose(2 hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbAlc),body mass index(BMI),fasting insulin(FINs),insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR),islet B-cell function index(HOMA-B),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low-density lipo-protein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)before and after treatment in 2 groups were compared, the incidence of adverse reactions was recorded. Other 43 healthy people were selected as healthy control group,the differences of serum GLUT4 levels before and after treatment between the 2 groups and healthy control group were respectively compared. RE-SULTS:After treatment,the BMI,FBG,2 hPG,HbAlc,HOMA-IR,FINs,TC,TG and LDL-C level were significantly lower than before,observation group was lower than control group;HOMA-B and HDL-C level were significantly higher than before,ob-servation group was higher than control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Before treatment,the serum GLUT4 level in 2 groups were significant lower than healthy control group with satistical significance(P<0.05);after treatment,the serum GLUT4 level in control group there was no significant different than before(P>0.05),while the serum GLUT4 level in observation group was significant higher than before and control group;and the serum GLUT4 level in 2 groups were still significant lower than healthy control group(P<0.05). And there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions(P>0.05). CON-CLUSIONS:Sitagliptin phosphate combine with acarbose can effectively control patients'blood glucose and lipid levels in the treatment of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes,improve HOMA-B and serum GLUT4 level,and does not increase the incidence of adverse reactions,with good safety.

Objective: To research the activity of antibacterial proteins isolated from Musca domestica during larvae-pupae metamorphosis. Methods: The 5-day-old larvae of Musca domestica were injured with a needle. 24h later, the larvae which had changed into pupae were selected. The antibacterial protein was isolated by a four-step protocol including grinding, heating, CM-sepharose F. F. cationexchange chromatography and another CM-sepharose F. F. chromatography. Antibacterial activities of samples were tested by an ultrasensitive radial diffusion assay using Staphylococcus aureus as the indicator organism. The molecular weight of the isolated protein was determined by SDS-PAGE.Results: The molecular weight of this isolated protein was 43kDa, and its antibacterial activity was strong. Conclusions: A kind of protein with strong antibacterial activity can be produced in the Musca domestica during larvae-pupae metamorphosis.

In order to study the role of prostaglandin E2(PGE_2)on the pathogenesis of candidal vaginitis,the effect of Candida albicans and histamine on the production of PGE_2 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with candidal vaginitis and normal controls,the effect of PGE2 on germ tube formation of Candida albicans,and the effect of PGE2 on Candida albicans adhering to vaginal ep- ithelial cells were observed.The results showed that:Candida albicans and histamine induced PGE2 synergistically,and the production of PGE2 increased markedly.PGE2 enhanced germ tube formation in Candida albicans,increased the number of Candida albicans adhering to the vaginal epithelial cells, and the pathogenicity of C.albicans.The above results indicate that PGE_2 plays a role in the pathogene- sis of candidal vaginitis.

BACKGROUND:Intracranial and extracranial arterial stent implantation is the main therapy for cerebrovascular diseases, especialy for some patients who cannot tolerate surgical operation, but the postoperative rehabilitation and biocompatibility problems restrict the further development of the technology. OBJECTIVE:To explore the rehabilitation efficacy and biocompatibility of acupuncture after degradable cerebrovascular stent implantation. METHODS: A total of 70 patients with cerebral arterial stenosis aged 43-79 years were enroled, including 41 males and 29 females, who were al treated with drug-eluting stent implantation, carotid artery stent implantation in 31 cases, vertebral artery stent implantation in 21 cases, subclavian stent implantation in 5 cases, and middle cerebral artery stent implantation in 13 cases. After stent implantation, al the patients were randomly divided into two groups: control group with routine rehabilitation therapy and acupuncture group with routine rehabilitation therapy+electroacupuncture. After 3 months of treamtnet, neurologic impairment scores, Fugl-Meyer score for motor function, Barthel index, degree of stent stenosis, thromboxane A2, prostacyclin, thromboxane A2/ prostacyclin levels were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 3 months after treatment, the neurological impairment scores were significantly lower in the acupuncture group than the control group (P < 0.05), but the Fugl-Meyer score for motor function andBarthel index were higher in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the thromboxane A2 and thromboxane A2/prostacyclin levels were significantly decreased in the two groups (P < 0.05), but the prostacyclin levels were increased than those before treatment (P < 0.05). In addition, there were no differences in the thromboxane A2, prostacyclin, thromboxane A2/prostacyclin levels between the two groups. Compared with the control group, the rate of restenosis was significantly lower in the acupuncture group (P < 0.05), and there were no significant difference in the reference vessel diameter, blood vessel stent diameter, decreased vessel diameter index, re-intervention rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). Taken together, acupuncture can promote the rehabilitation efficacy folowing degradable cerebrovascular stent implantation, reduce the incidence of restenosis, and show good biocompatibility.

On the basis of generally stereotactic radiotherapy technology,intensity modulated radiation therapy technology has been developed greatly since 1990's.This technology is to improve the radiation dose distribution in the target so that the high dose area is more conformal for the three-dimentional shape of the target and the radiation dose in the normal organs and tissue around the target decreases.The characteristic of this new technology is discussed systematically in this paper.

Enhancing medical humanistic quality education is the essence of medicine and it is also a necessity of conforming to the transformation of medical model.The pathological teachers should improve their humanistic quality actively,integrate humanistic quality training into pathology teaching and focus on training the social responsibility and healthy psychological qualities in order to enhance medical students' humanistic accomplishment and to make them become high qualified medical talents.

Aim To investigate whether 8-bromo-7-methoxychrysin ( BrMC ) can reverse the epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( EMT) in sphere-forming cells (SFCs) derived from cervical cancer SiHa cell line. Methods Human cervical cancer SiHa cell line was cultured in vitro and then SFCs were obtained from Si-Ha cell line using suspension culture with the stem-condition culture system. After treatment with BrMC for 72 h, the morphology of SFCs of SiHa cell line was observed via monolayer adherence culture. The expres-sion levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Twist1 pro-teins were analyzed using western blot assay. Results SFCs of SiHa cell line presented the mesenchyme-like( spindle-shaped) cell shape and exhibited reduced E-cadherin and elevated N-cadherin protein expres-sion, compared with the parental cells. After treatment with BrMC(1. 0 μmol·L-1 ) for 72 h, SFCs of SiHa cell line changed from spindle-shaped cells in to poly-gon shaped cells under monolayer adherence culture. After treatment with BrMC for 24 h, the expression lev-els of E-cadherin protein were up-regulated and the ex-pression levels of N-cadherin and Twist1 proteins were decreased in SFCs derived from SiHa cell line. Con-clusion BrMC effectively reverses EMT of SFCs de-rived from cervical cancer SiHa cell line, and its mechanism is involved in down-regulating the expres-sion of Twist protein.

The paper briefly introduced the outpatient and inpatient medical services and medical insurance system in Germany.It also covered the regulatory model and its structure and role of the German medical service,which are characterized ofSociety-led self-governance.Based on the observation and inspiration of this model,the authors came up with.recommendations to improve China' s medical service,medical insurance and regulatory model.

Objective To identify the effect of IGFBPrP1 on the secretion of extracellular matrix in hepatic stellate cells through the Smad3 signaling pathway. Methods (1)Two pairs of chemically synthesized siRNAs (siRNA1, siRNA2) targeting Smad3 were transfected into HSC-T6 cells,real-time PCR and Western blot were used to evaluate the silence efficiency, and the better siRNA was used. (2)HSC-T6 cells were divided into four groups: Negative control group, siRNA-Smad3 transfection group, siRNA-Smad3+IGFBPrP1 group and IGFBPrP1 group. The better siRNA was chosen to transfect into HSC-T6 cells. The protein expressions of Smad3, fibronectin and Collagen Ⅰ were evaluated by Western blot. Results (1)siRNA2-Smad3 inhibited Smad3 gene expression stronger than another siRNA. (2)After transfection of siRNA2-Smad3, the protein expression of Smad3 was significantly decreased compared to the negative control group(P＜0.01). The protein expression of fibronectin and Collagen Ⅰ in IGFBPrP1 stimulating HSCs treated with siRNA2-Smad3 were significantly decreased compared to that in IGFBPrP1 stimulating HSC without siRNA2-Smad3 (P ＜0. 01 ).Conclusion IGFBPrP1 induces the secretion of extracellular matrix in hepatic stellate cells through the Smad3 signaling pathway.