Luminal surface of vascular endothelium is decorated with a variety of polysaccharide-protein complexes,which constitute the glycocalyx.It has been demonstrated that vascular endothelial glycocalyx plays an important role in modulation of selective permeability of vessels,mediation of the blood cell-endothelial cell interactions and the release of nitric oxide induced by fluid shear stress under physiological condition.In inflammation condition,sheding of glycocalyx due to inflammation mediator leads to its functional weakening in vessel protection.At the same time,heparan sulfate as a major constituent of vascular endothelial glycocalyx could be involved in regulating the evolution of inflammation.Heparan sulfate interacts with L-selectin to mediating leukocyte rolling,presents chemokines on luminal surfaces of endothelial cells to mediate leukocyte crawling and firm adhesion,participates in transcytosis of chemokines from tissue to luminal side of endothelial cells during inflammation.Various risk factors of atherosclerosis,as an inflammatory disease,are closely associated with vascular endothelial glycocalyx.This paper is aimed to review the role of vascular endothelial glycocalyx in inflammation and atherosclerosis.

This study was aimed to analyze the volatile oil of Mentha crispata Schrad. ex Willd. in order to provide evidence for its chemotype and guidance for its production application. The chemical analysis was detected by headspace GC-MS. The results showed that 64 chemical compounds were detected. It was concluded that the volatile oil of M. crispata Schrad. ex Willd. mainly contained eucalyptol (35.58%), limonene (16.92%) and pinene (15.33%). It was concluded that the analysis on composition characteristics and main compounds of M. crispata Schrad. ex Willd. can provide evidences in its production application and chemotype.

Objective To investigate the relationship between abnormal bone mineral density (BMD) and subclinical thyroid dysfunction. Methods Thyroid function, biochemical indicators of bone metabolism and BMD were reviewed retrospectively in the subjects who received health checkups from July 1, 2009 to January 31, 2017 in the Health Check-up Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. People who had thyroid dysfunction, recognized risk factors for osteoporosis, and medication history were excluded. A cross-sectional analysis of thyroid status and biochemical indicators of bone metabolism was performed by the standard methods. BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results A total of 6884 subjects (3726 women and 3158 men) were enrolled in the study, with an average age of (50.74 ± 10.41) years. They were divided into three groups:subclinical hyperthyroid, subclinical hypothyroid, and euthyroidism. The alkaline phosphatase in subclinical hyperthyroid group was higher than that in the euthyroidism group[ (67.95±20.64)U/L vs. (63.88±18.99)U/L]. Calcium and phosphorus in blood were higher in both subclinical hyperthyroid and subclinical hypothyroid groups. The rate of abnormal BMD in male euthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroid and subclinical hypothyroid groups were 36.10％(1049/2906), 29.27％(12/41) and 27.01％(57/211), respectively. The rate of abnormal BMD showed no difference between subclinical hyperthyroid group and euthyroidism group (P>0.05). The rate of abnormal BMD was lower in subclinical hypothyroid group than in euthyroidism group (χ2=7.0901, P<0.01), especially in the males aged 40-49 years (χ2=10.4618, P<0.01). The rate of abnormal BMD in female euthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroid and subclinical hypothyroid groups was 38.81％(1286/3314), 45.83％ (33/72) and 40.88％ (139/340), respectively. The rate of abnormal BMD showed no difference among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion There is no significant difference in the rate of abnormal BMD between subclinical thyroid dysfunction group and euthyroidism group, possibly because abnormal serum biochemical indicators preceded the presence of low BMD. More sensitive methods used to determine the status of bone metabolism await to be developed.

Due to the good tumor-targeting and excellent biocompatibility, the drug-loading nanoparticles (NPs) has been widely applied in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. However, after the NPs are recognized and internalized by cancer cells, the effects of NPs on cell migration behavior were unclear. In the present study, the self-assembly techniques (SAMs) was used to modify gold (Au) nanoparticles (Au NPs) with different chemical functional groups (CH3, OH, COOH and NH2) as model NPs. The dispersion of these groups in solution and the distribution in cells were studied by transmission electron microscope (TEM), respectively, and the proliferation was examined by MTT assay in vitro. The wound-healing and the Transwell assay were used to examine the effect of internalized Au-NPs on HepG2 cells migration. The results showed that different Au-NPs mainly distributed at the edge of the vesicle membrane and the gap between cells. The Au-NPs resulted in decreased cell viability in a concentration-depended manner. In addition, the results of wound-healing and Transwells assay indicated that the internalization of the NH2-NPs and OH-NPs would inhibit cell migration compared with those in the control group.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Survival ; Gold ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Metal Nanoparticles ; chemistry

To study the potential molecular mechanism of tumor angiogenesis in its microenvironment, we investigated the effects of HepG2 conditioned medium on the proliferation of vascular endothelial cell and vascular angiogenesis in our laboratory. Human umbilical vein endothelial EA. hy926 cells were co-cultured with HepG2 conditioned medium in vitro. The proliferation and the tubulogenesis of EA. hy926 cells were detected by teramethylazo salt azole (MTT) and tube formation assay, respectively. The results showed that the survival rate of the EA. hy926 cells was significantly increased under the co-culture condition. HepG2 conditioned medium also enhanced the angiogenesis ability of EA. hy926 cells. In addition, the expressions of intracellular VEGF and extracellular VEGFR (Flk-1) were regulated upward in a time-dependent manner. In conclusion, the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and Vascula angiogenesis were improved under the condition of indirect co-culture.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Cell Proliferation ; Coculture Techniques ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Hep G2 Cells ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of main clinical isolates from ICU during 2012 .Methods Auto-matic microbiology analysis system and the disk diffusion method were performed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility .All the data were analyzed by WHONET5 .6 software according to the breakpoints of The American Association of Clinical Laboratory Standardization Institute (CLSI) 2012 .Results A total of non-repeated 1 374 clinical isolates were collected in ICU during 2012 , including 1 089 strains (79 .3% ) of Gram-negative bacilli and 285 strains (20 .7% )of Gram-positive cocci ;The top five pathogens were Acinetobacter baumannii ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,Escherichia coli ,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus ;Some Enterobacteriaceae strains were resistant to imipenem or ertapenem .2 strains of Enterococcus faecium were found resistant to van-comycin .Conclusion Non-fermenting bacteria ,Enterobacteriaceae and Staphylococci remain the predominant pathogens isolated from the patients in ICU ,their drug resistance is serious ,it is important to use antibacterial agents rationally and strengthen the sur-veillance of bacterial drug resistance .

Cell autophagy plays a key role in maintaining intracellular nutritional homeostasis during starvation through elimination of aberrant or obsolete cellular structures. The cellular cytoskeleton has a crucial role in multiple processes involving membrane rearrangements and vesicle-mediated events. Autophagy is mediated by both microtubules and actin networks: microtubules promote the synthesis of autophagosome and are related to the movement of autophagosome; actin networks have been implicated in structurally supporting the expanding of phagophore, moving autophagosomes and enabling their efficient fusion with the lysosome; non-muscle myosinⅡoperates in the early stages of autophagy during the initiation and expansion of the phagophore, whereas myosinⅥ and myosin 1C are involved in the late stages of autophagosome maturation and fusion with the lysosome, respectively. This review summarizes the multiple regulation of cytoskeleton on autophagy and focuses on the regulation of autophagy by actin and myosin, providing a new approach for the study of pathogenesis and innovative therapies of autophagy related diseases.

As drug carriers, magnetic nanoparticles can specifically bind to tumors and have the potential for targeted therapy. It is of great significance to explore non-invasive imaging methods that can detect the distribution of magnetic nanoparticles. Based on the mechanism that magnetic nanoparticles can generate ultrasonic waves through the pulsed magnetic field excitation, the sound pressure wave equation containing the concentration information of magnetic nanoparticles was derived. Using the finite element method and the analytical solution, the consistent transient pulsed magnetic field was obtained. A three-dimensional simulation model was constructed for the coupling calculation of electromagnetic field and sound field. The simulation results verified that the sound pressure waveform at the detection point reflected the position of magnetic nanoparticles in biological tissue. Using the sound pressure data detected by the ultrasonic transducer, the B-scan imaging of the magnetic nanoparticles was achieved. The maximum error of the target area position was 1.56%, and the magnetic nanoparticles regions with different concentrations were distinguished by comparing the amplitude of the boundary signals in the image. Studies in this paper indicate that B-scan imaging can quickly and accurately obtain the dimensional and positional information of the target region and is expected to be used for the detection of magnetic nanoparticles in targeted therapy.
Acoustics ; Computer Simulation ; Magnetics ; Magnetite Nanoparticles ; Tomography

Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is widely perceived as a contributor to numerous neurological diseases and mental disorders including depression. Discs large homolog 1 (Dlg1), an adaptor protein, regulates cell polarization and the function of K

Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is widely perceived as a contributor to numerous neurological diseases and mental disorders including depression. Discs large homolog 1 (Dlg1), an adaptor protein, regulates cell polarization and the function of K
Animals ; Depression/chemically induced* ; Inflammation ; Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Microglia ; NF-kappa B ; Neuroinflammatory Diseases