Objective To observe the clinical effect of entecavir combined with oxymatrine in the treatment of patients with hepatitis B.Methods 74 patients with hepatitis B were randomly divided into two groups.The treatment group(40 cases) were given entecavir 0.5mg daily,oxymatine 600mg,intravenous daily.The control group (34 cases) were given entercavir 0.5mg daily.The HBeAg and Anti-HBe negative conversion rates,the HBV-DNA negative conversion rate and the ALT normalization rate after 1,3,6,9,12 months in treatment period and 6,12months in follow-up period were observed.Results After 1,3,6,9,12 months in treatment period and 6,12 months in follow-up period,the HBeAg and Anti-HBe negative conversion rates of the treatment group was 32.5％,45.0％,60.0％,60.0％,62.5％,62.5％ and 62.5％,while that of the control group was 5.9％,5.9％,8.8％,11.8％,11.8％,11.8％ and 11.8％,there was significant difference between them( x2 =5.46,12.83,25.22,21.68,24.79,24.79,24.79,all P ＜0.05).The ALT normalization rate of the treatment groups was 45.0％,67.5％,87.5％,90.0％,90.0％,90.0％ and 90.0％,while that of the control group was 20.6％,32.4％,41.2％,50.0％,52.9％,52.9％ and 52.9％,there was significantly difference between them ( x2 =4.60,10.36,20.67,14.47,12.08,12.08,12.08,all P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Entecavir combined with oxymatrine in the treatment of patients with hepatitis B had a synergistic antiviral effect,high security and simple treatment.It was worthy to promote.

The current official quality control approaches meet the challenges from the complexity of herbal medicines.In fact,any herbal medicines containing numerous unknown components,its curative effect usually depends on the whole of herbal medicines,so it is impossible and unnecessary to qualitatively and quantitatively study every component.By investigating the limitations of current quality control approaches for herbal medicines and the difference and similarity in the chemical substantial style as well as quality control pattern of herbal medicines,a new quality control approach for Chinese herbal medicines should be explored and designed.The combination approach of chemical analysis with bioassay is promising to be developed and employed in order to ensure the safety and efficacy of Chinese herbal medicines.

BACKGROUND:Currently,there are many studies concerning the pathogenesis,process,and damage of glaucoma,however,there is not an ideal glaucoma modelOBJECTIVE:To prepare rabbit intraocular hypertension models using three different material injections,and to verify the practical value of intraocular hypetension modelsMETHODS:Thidy New Zealand rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups,with 10 animals in each group.One eye of each rabbit was served as the experimental eyes and the other eye as control eyes.Autoblood.methyl cellulose,C3F8 was injected into the anterior chamber of the experimental eyes.and the normal saline was injected into the control eyes.The intraocular pressure(IOP)was monitored prior to injection and at hours 0,24,36,48,72,96.120 and 168 after injection.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Intraocular hype Rension models could be induced by injecting 3 kinds of materials,and the IOP was obviously increased after injection(P＜0.05),and the ranges and periods of increasing were varied.The periods of increasing of 3 materials were 1,3 and 7 days,respectively,which could maintain for longer time for a second injection.The IOP ranged 1.86-6.65 kPa,and mild anterior segment inflammation could be found.The experiment demonstrated that intraocular hypeansion models using three different material injections are ideal models,which is characterized by simple,reliable and controllable.The suitable model can be selected for acute or chronic glaucoma research.

Objective:To explore the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on the mast cell tryptase (MCT) in asthmatic guinea pigs. Methods:A total of 60 male or female healthy guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group (group A), asthmatic group(group B), and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 group(group C), with 20 cases in each group. To establish asthmatic guinea pig models, 1ml peanut oil was filled into stomach in the morning in group A and group B , and 1ml peanut oil with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was filled into stomach in group C. Airway resistance (Re) of asthmatic guinea pigs was detected, and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells were counted. Lung tissue with HE and MCT immunohistochemical staining were used to observe the pathological changes in lung tissue and the distribution of MCT. Results:After injection of different concentration of acetylcholine chloride, the Re in group B and group C were increased significantly compared with group A (P<0.05);compared with group B, the Re in group C were decreased significantly (t=-5.385, -5.761, -6.184,-13.574, P<0.05);the total number of BALF cells and eosinophils were increased significantly in group B and C (t=19.618, 9.598, 10.854, 5.388, P<0.05);compared with group B, the total number of BALF cells and eosinophils in group C was decreased significantly (t=-5.555,-5.392, P<0.05);the number of tryptase positive cells in group B was increased significantly than that in group A (t=21.312, P<0.05), and in addition to the alveolar septum and submucosa, the cells were also distributed around blood vessels and outside the cells; the number of tryptase positive cells in group C was decreased significantly compared with group B, and the difference was statistically significant (t=5.043, P<0.05). Conclusions:After the asthmatic guinea pigs are treated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, their BALF, Re, infiltration degree of inflammatory cells in the trachea and lung tissue and airway inflammatory reaction are reduced significantly. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3has a certain inhibiting effect on the activation of mast cells and the release of MCT granules.

Objective:To analyse the degree of equality of New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NRCMS) in different economic regions. We provide a reference for equal development of the NRCMS and the reform of the political system and mechanism under the provincial-controlled county fiscal system. Methods:A typical province was chosen with provincial-controlled county fiscal system was fully implemented several years. We collected data on coverage, financing and compensation for the NRCMS from 2005 to 2011. We used the variable coefficient, uniformity coefficient, Theil Index for comprehensive evaluation. Results:Per capita financing has not reached the bottom line. From 2005 to 2011, inter-re-gional and intra-regional variation coefficient, Theil index of service coverage, financing level and hospital actual compen-sation has declined year by year. The degree of inequality in economically developed regions was greater than in less eco-nomically developed regions and economic medium region. Conclusion:The degree of equalization of the NRCMS in the province continuously improved. Innovation of provincial-controlled county fiscal system and mechanism provides a favora-ble environment and forming conditions for equalizing the development of the NRCMS. The paper suggested exploring and building fiscal classification step transfer payment institution and dynamic prediction model of the NRCMS, further optimi-zing financing mechanism, promoting the provincial management system of the NRCMS as soon as possible in order to pro-mote the equalization development.

To explore the new pattern of Chinese medicine solid preparations (CMSP) in vitro dissolution, a method testing the bio-thermal activity in combination with UPLC was used. Microcalorimetry was used to obtain the characteristic metabolic growth power-time curves and a series of biothermodynamic parameters of the inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus by Yinhuang tablet dissolving solutions at the pH 6.8 (phosphate buffer) dissolution medium at different times. From these results, the cumulative dissolution of Yinhuang tablet based on bio-thermal activity was obtained. The dissolution rates of two components of chlorogenic acid and baicalin were determined by UPLC method. Then f2 similar factor method was used to evaluate the relevance of these two methods. The result showed that f2 values all were more than 50, indicating that there is a good correlation between the two methods of measuring the dissolution rate. It is feasible to determine CMSP in vitro dissolution by using bio-thermal activity, and to provide new evaluation methods for controlling the quality of CMSP.

Objective To analyse the clinical value of bronchial artery embolization in treatment of massive hemoptysis.Methods 87 patients with hemoptysis included bronchiectasis in 46 cases,pulmonary tuberculaosis in 18 cases,bronchial carcinoma in 15 cases,bronchial arteriovenous malformation in 2 cases and unknown hemoptysis in 6 cases underwent embolized treatment of bronchial arteriography or intercostal arteriography.Of them,bronchial artery embolization were performed in 78 cases,intercostal artery embolization were done in 6 cases,both embolization of bronchial artery and intercostal artery were in 3 cases,2 cases underwent superselective embolization with coaxial microcatheter.In the total 87 cases,gelatin sponge particles(GSP) alone was used in 85 cases,GSP and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) were used in 2 cases.All the patients were followed up for 12~18 months.Results The hemoptysis was immediately stopped in 58 cases, remarkable improvement were 19 cases after operation. Recurrence of hemoptysis was found in five, three and two cases at one, two and four weeks respectively after embolization. All of the ten recurred cases accepted re-embolization and hemoptysis had been well controlled. The effective rate was 89%(77/87). There was not any severe complication in all the patients.Conclusion Bronchial artery embolization is a safe, effective and less invasive method in treatment of massive hemoptysis. It can be recommended to the non-surgical treatment patients.

Objective:To screen out the potential key genes of endotoxin tolerance (ET), and to provide theoretical and experimental evidence for treatment and prognosis of sepsis.Methods:①Experiment 1 (gene chip and bioinformatics analysis): ET related data set GSE47783 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The data set was obtained from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated mouse macrophages to establish sepsis model (LPS group) and ET model (ET group). IDEP 0.92 software was used to screen differential expressed gene (DEG) between the two groups, analyze gene ontology (GO), and locate the main functions and signaling pathways of differential genes. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEG was constructed by the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes Database (STRING) to screen core genes hepatitis A virus cell membrane protein receptor 2 (HAVCR2) for following up validation study. ②Experiment 2 (reproduction of mouse macrophage RAW264.7 model): RAW264.7 cells were cultured in vitro, the ET model (ET group, cells were cultured with 10 μg/L LPS for 24 hours and then with 100 μg/L LPS for 4 hours) and sepsis model (LPS group, cells were cultured with 100 μg/L LPS for 4 hours) were reproduced by LPS stimulation. Phosphate buffer saline (PBS) group was given equal volume of solvent PBS for 4 hours. The mRNA and protein expressions of HAVCR2 were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting. ③Experiment 3 (RAW264.7 cells transfected with HAVCR2 lentiviral vector): to further clarify whether HAVCR2 was involved in the formation of ET, after knockdown of HAVCR2 in RAW264.7 cells by lentiviral short hairpin RNA (shRNA) technology, the ET model (HAVCR2 --ET group) was constructed again, and the control group (ET group) without knockdown of HAVCR2 was set up. RT-qPCR method was used to detect the mRNA expressions of macrophage polarization key proteins [arginase 1 (ARG1), CD206, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2)] in cells. Results:①Experiment 1: a total of 1 013 DEG were identified, compared with LPS group, 521 genes were up-regulated and 492 genes were down-regulated in ET group. The function of these DEG was to increase biosynthesis and reduce inflammatory reaction. Signal pathways were mainly enriched in Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) , NOD like receptor, Toll-like receptor (TLR), TNF, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). The first up-regulated HAVCR2 in the ET group was selected as the target of the study. ②Experiment 2: the results of in vitro experiment showed that the mRNA expression of HAVCR2 after high-dose LPS stimulation was down-regulated as compared with PBS group, and the mRNA expression of HAVCR2 in ET group was significantly higher than that in LPS group (2 -ΔΔCT: 1.10±0.10 vs. 0.60±0.10, P < 0.05). The results of Western blotting were consistent with RT-qPCR results. ③Experiment 3: the mRNA expressions of ARG1 and CD206 in HAVCR2 --ET group were significantly lower than those in ET group [ARG1 mRNA (2 -ΔΔCT): 0.50±0.10 vs. 1.00±0.10, CD206 (2 -ΔΔCT): 0.73±0.10 vs. 1.00±0.10], and the mRNA expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly higher than those in ET group [TNF-α mRNA (2 -ΔΔCT): 2.20±0.10 vs. 1.00±0.10, IL-1β mRNA (2 -ΔΔCT): 9.00±0.10 vs. 1.00±0.10), with significant differences (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of NOS2 mRNA between the two groups. Conclusion:HAVCR2 is involved in the regulation of inflammatory factors downstream of sepsis and the formation of ET, which is expected to become a new therapeutic target of sepsis.

Objective:To find out the key demand and connection point of health quality education for students of different stages by analysis of their health quality characteristics and the main contribution path, and then explore strategies to improve health quality. Methods:The stratified random cluster sampling method was carried out to select the sample population in Hangzhou. The variance analysis, curve fitting and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to analyze health quality characteristics and the main contribution path. Results:The health quality of pri-mary school students was best;the difference in quality between college students and junior high school students was not statistically significant ( P>0. 05 );and high school students had the worst health quality. The high school stage is the weakest link of health quality education. The order of the health education path and the means for improving the health quality of college, high school, and primary school students differ. With the improvement of students’ lev-el, the students that require physical quality promotion gradually decreases; the moral quality demand remains sta-ble;and the psychological quality and social adaptation ability present the tendency of a gradual increase. Conclu-sion:Student health quality shows a tendency to decreases with the rise of learning phase. The education departments should foster health consciousness and habits for students, form a healthy lifestyle behavior and ways of thinking for high school students, shape healthy personalities to improve health literacy and social adaptation abilities for college student, which is the key strategy for promoting the health quality of all-round development of the students and a-chieve the primary education goal of “health education”.