Objective To investigate the relationship between hepatic potential capacity and the pharmcodynarnics of rocuroniurn.Methods The indocyanine green (ICG) excretion test waspertormed one day before operation in 71 patients with decompensated hepatic cirrhosis scheduled to receive devascularization combined with splenectomy.On the basis of ICG retention at 15 min(ICGR_(15)),the patients were divided into groups of I_1(22 cases,ICGR_(15)≤10),I_2(35 cases,1020).Another 20 healthy people(group C)were taken as thecontrols.Rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg was intravenously infused and 0.3 mg/kg rocuronium、was addedwhen T_1 value recovered to 25%control value.The twitch high of adductor pollicis muscle wasrecorded.The time of onset,T1 maximum depression,the clinical duration of initial dose,and thespontanous recovery index were recorded.The clinical duration of repeated maintenance doses and themean dosage of each group were recorded as well.Results The onset time,25% TOF responsePeriod and the recovery index after operation were significantly prolonged in groups of I_2 and I_3compared with those in groups of C and I_1(P<0.05 or P<0.01).No response period of grouP I_3was longer than that of other three groups(P<0.0 1).When the maintenance dose of rocuronium wasadded for more than four times,the clinical action time also showed to be prolonged in an older of I_3>I_2＞I_1 and mean dose reduced in an order of I_3

Objective To investigate a new method for the reconstruction of the urethra using peritoneal free grafts in phalloplasty in a rabbit model. Methods Animal models were established in 24 adult male New Zealand white rabbits, which were randomly divided into the peritoneal graft group (n=12) and peritoneum-skin graft group (n=12). In the former group the peritoneal tube grafts with the mesothelial surface inward were used as the urethral substitutes. And a circumferential 1 cm rim of scrotal skin was inserted at the tip of the tubularized peritoneal graft for urethroplasty in the latter group. Subsequently, a superficial epigastric fasciovascular pedicle flap for phalloplasty was harvested and tubed over the reconstructed urethra. The process of growth was observed grossly. Results The reconstructed penis survived well without urethral stricture, and the peritoneal-lined grafts survived in all rabbits with a smooth, moist quality and without ulceration and fibrosis. Gross examination showed 8 meatal occlusions with fistulas simultaneously in the peritoneal graft group, and 3 fistulas in the peritoneum-skin graft group. Conclusion The authors have successfully designed the rabbit model of the urethroplasty using the tubularized peritoneal free grafts in the penile reconstruction and demonstrated the possibility of the new method for phalloplasty brings a light to clinical study.

ObjectiveTo study the effects of vitamins on human pr eadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. MethodsVit amins (A, B, C, D, E and K families) were added to the culture media of human p readipocytes, then the proliferation of cells, the expression of GPDH and lipid droplet accumulation in the cytoplasm were recorded. ResultsVitamin A inhibited human preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. Vi tamin C enhanced differentiation and proliferation. Vitamin B 6 stimulated diff erentiation. vitamin D 3 inhibited differentiation. Vitamin E had a strong inhi bitory effect on human preadipocyte differentiation. Vitamin K 1 had an unexpec tedly great stimulatory effect on human preadipocyte differentiation. Vitamin K 3 inhibited both human preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. Other v itamins tested showed no noticeable effects. ConclusionT hese data are advisory to our balanced daily intake of vitamins.

Objective To analyze retrospectively the correlation between the difficult airway and thyromental height by three-dimensional reconstruction among the Chinese. Methods Eithty patients who had been scanned by helical CT in the head and neck were allocated into two groups according to Cormack-Lehane grading:paients with Ⅰ-Ⅱ grade were allocated into group 1, and paients with Ⅲgrade were allocated into group 2. Reconstructed images were obtained by AW4.4 workstation and the following parameters were recorded and analyzed:the length from the oral to the under jaw(a), the length from the under jaw to the skin of the neck (b), the vertical distance from the under jaw to the neck was equal to thyromental height(c), the vertical distance from the oral to the cervical vertebra(d), the angle with the under jaw as the vertices and with two lines (a and b) for edge (angle ofα). Results The c value in two groups had no significant difference:(3.97 ± 0.82) cm vs. (3.64 ± 0.62) cm, P>0.05. The d value in group 2 was significantly higher than that in group 1:(8.69 ± 0.48) cm vs. (8.25 ± 0.80) cm, P<0.05. The c/d value and c/a value in group 2 were significantly lower than those in group 1: 0.42 ± 0.07 vs. 0.48 ± 0.12, 0.80 ± 0.18 vs. 0.95 ± 0.25, P<0.05. Conclusions Thyromental height by three-dimensional reconstruction has no significant differences in evaluating the difficult airway among the Chinese. The ratio of the vertical distance from the under jaw to the neck and the vertical distance from the oral to the cervical vertebra, and the ratio of the vertical distance from the under jaw to the neck and the length from the oral to the under jaw shows negative correlation with difficult airway.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of sagittal anatomic structure of the upper airway in patients with ankylosing spondylitis using three-dimensional reconstruction based on computed tomography (CT).Methods Thirty-one male patients with ankylosing spondylitis,aged 20-60 yr (AS group),and 41 common patients (male) without difficult airways,aged 20-60 yr (control group),who underwent spiral CT scan of the head and neck using Helical CT from January 2007 to February 2011 in our hospital,were enrolled in the study.Reconstructed images of the upper airway were obtained using AW4.4 workstation and six distances (D1-D6) and four angles (α-δ) were recorded and analyzed:(1)D1,the arc distance between the upper central incisor and root of epiglottis; D2,the distance between the upper central incisor and root of epiglottis; D3 and D4,the lengths of maxilla and mandible ; D5,the distance between the root of epiglottis and midpoint of glottis; D6,the distance between the end of mandible and midpoint of glottis; (2) angle α,the angle of line D2 and D5; angle β,the angle of line D2 and the lower edge of the upper central incisor to the midpoint of glottis; angle γ,the angle of line D4 and D6; angle δ,the angle of the point of the lower edge of the upper central incisor to the trailing edge of the hard palate and then to the root of epiglottis.Results Compared with control group,no significant change was found in D1,D2,D3,D4 and D5 (P ＞ 0.05),and D6,angle α and angle δ were significantly increased,whereas angle β and angle γ were decreased in AS group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The anatomic structure of the upper airway has the characteristics of specific changes and a laryngoscope blade with a large degree of curvature may be helpful for successful tracheal intubation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Objective To investigate the expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue and its association with clinicopathological features and prognosis of HCC.Methods HCC samples were collected from 80 patients who visited Third Hospital of PLA and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University and who underwent hepatectomy from July 2012 to December 2014 and were diagnosed with HCC based on postoperative pathology (trial group).Another 80 patients who were suspected of liver disease and were not diagnosed with HCC by liver biopsy were enrolled as control group.RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to measure the mRNA and protein expression of SSTR-2 and SSTR-3.The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between groups,the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups,the Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze patients' survival,and the Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors for the prognosis of HCC patients.Results The control group had significantly higher mRNA and protein expression of SSTR-2 and SSTR-3 than the trial group (t =6.456 and 8.128,x2 =7.992 and 9.157,all P ＜ 0.05).The univariate analysis showed that the mRNA expression of SSTR-2 and SSTR-3 was significantly correlated with tumor nodule (t =6.533 and 5.041,both P ＜ 0.05),degree of tumor differentiation (t =4.672 and 4.013,both P ＜ 0.05),depth of infiltration (t =6.735 and 7.019,both P ＜ 0.05),viral hepatitis (t =4.929 and 4.535,both P ＜ 0.05),alcoholic hepatitis (t =4.032 and 4.362,both P ＜ 0.05),and diabetes (t =4.372 and 6.293,both P ＜ 0.05),and the protein expression of SSTR-2 and SSTR-3 was significantly correlated with tumor nodule (x2 =25.223 and 15.399,both P ＜ 0.05),degree of tumor differentiation (x2 =7.535 and 10.944,both P ＜ 0.05),and depth of infiltration (x2 =22.520 and 9.968,both P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the group with positive expression of SSTR-2 and SSTR-3,the group with negative expression had significantly lower cumulative postoperative disease-free survival rate (P =0.015 and 0.004) and postoperative overall survival rate (P =0.009 and ＜ 0.001).The Cox model analysis showed that protein expression of SSTR-2 and SSTR-3,the number of tumor nodules,liver cirrhosis,and vein infiltration in HCC tissue were independent risk factors for overall survival after HCC surgery (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion HCC patients have lower expression of SSTR-2 and SSTR-3 than non-HCC patients,and such low expression is closely associated with invasion/metastasis and poor prognosis of HCC.SSTRs may be the markers for the prognosis of HCC.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of urethral prefabrication with vaginal mucosa in female-to-male transsexuals and to compare the urologic complications after penile reconstruction in female-to-male transsexuals between prefabrication group and forearm group.Methods Prefabrication of the neourethra with tubed vaginal mucosal graft was performed for 22 female-to-male transsexual patients from 2007 to 2016,while radial forearm flap,known as the traditional tube-within-tube method,was used to construct the neourethra for other 31 cases.Results All of the reconstructed penises survived completely and allowed the patients to urinate while standing in the prefabrication group.Phalloplasty by using the vaginal mucosal graft for urethroplasty significantly decreased the donor scar,the duration of the second operation and the incidence rates of urologic strictures,comparing with the forearm group (P＜0.05).Conclusions It is reliable to use the prefabrication of the neourethra with tubed vaginal mucosal graft in phalloplasty female-to-male transsexual patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the molecular biological mechanism of endothelial cell proliferation induced by bFGF.

METHODSCultured rat myocardial microvascular endothelial cells were stimulated with bFGF of various concentrations. By northern blot analysis, the levels of c-myc mRNA expression were detected.

RESULTSThe expression of c-myc mRNA in the bFGF-treated groups increased (P < 0.05) with a dose- and stimulating time-dependent manner. The c-myc mRNA expression reached to a peak level at 2 hours.

CONCLUSIONSC-myc expression may be an important component in controlling the transit of cells through the cell cycle.

Animals ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Genes, myc ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVEIn search of a simpler and safer technique for auricular reconstruction with good appearance.

METHODSMedpor implant was used as auricular framework, and covered by temporal fascia flap and skin graft.

RESULTSEar reconstruction was successfully achieved in 19 cases, the newly formed ears all had good appearance after edema disappeared 1 or 2 months postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONMedpor is a kind of good implant material because it is steady in nature, easy to be sculptured. Temporal fascia flap is rich in blood supply, tough and tensile in biomechanics. So the combination of Medpor implant framework with temporal fascia flap is preferable in auricular reconstruction.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Fascia Lata ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Polyethylenes ; Prostheses and Implants ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Time Factors

BACKGROUND: Several studies have focused on the association between the lipid-lowering efficacy of statins and the SLCO1B1 c.521T>C polymorphism; however, the results are conflicting. The effects of statins show significant variability between individuals. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of the SLCO1B1 c.521T>C polymorphism on the lipid-lowering effects of statins. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed and Web of Science to screen relevant studies. Meta-analysis was performed to identify the association between SLCO1B1 c.521 polymorphisms and the lipid-lowering effects of statinson the basis of the standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Additionally, we checked for heterogeneity (I 2) among studies and evidence of publication bias. We obtained eight studies including 2,012 wild genotype (T/T) and 526 variant genotype (T/C and C/C) cases. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed in the lipid-lowering efficacy of statins between the wildand variant genotypes of SLCO1B1, with a pooled SMD of 0.03 (95% CI: -0.07-0.13). Furthermore, there was no significant effect in the meta-analyses of the variant heterozygote, homozygote, and Chinese populations. Subgroup meta-analysis indicated that the timerequired for the statin to take effectdid notsignificantly affect the association between lipid-lowering efficacy of statins and SLCO1B1 c.521T>C polymorphism. However, thewild genotype improved the lipid-lowering efficacy of simvastatin with a pooled SMD of -0.26 (95% CI: -0.47- -0.05). CONCLUSIONS: No significant association was detected between the lipid-lowering efficacy of statins and the SLCO1B1 c.521T>C polymorphism, with the exception of simvastatin.
Alleles ; Databases, Factual ; Genotype ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use ; Hyperlipidemias/drug therapy/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Solute Carrier Organic Anion Transporter Family Member 1b1/*genetics