Different subtypes of chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection occurred clinically because of the status of virus’s interaction with immune system. In patients with immune tolerance,high level of HBV DNA was found,serum hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)was positive,and serum level of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)was normal with only mild or no inflammation in liver tissue. However,not all the patients with normal ALT were in immune tolerance status,the disease could progress insidiously and develop into liver cirrhosis. Whether these patients need anti-viral therapy has always been a hotspot of study. This article reviewed the correlation between immune status and HBV infection,the identification of patients with normal ALT but not in immune tolerance status,and the indication of anti-viral therapy for these patients.

Objective To realize scientific and high efficient and digital management of medical expenses statistics and verification work in outpatient department of military hospital. Methods Based on the Oracle database of HIS system, Delphi programming language was used to construct the system. Results The system has been successfully applied in hospital actual work with satisfactory results. Conclusion The use of the system can provide transparent and efficient management platform for hospital economic accounting work, and give scientific and numerical gist for hospital operating decision-making.

It has been nearly 20 years from the discovery of hepatitis C virus (HCV)and clinical diagnosis of hepatitis C to antiviral therapy with interferon,and significant progress has been made.Substantial changes have taken place in both the concept and strategy for antiviral treatment of hepatitis C,with more and more direct-acting antiviral agents emerging in recent years;these changes are as follows:from the control of HCV to clinical cure,from a sustained virologic response (SVR)rate around 30%with conventional interferon therapy to an SVR rate of 70%-80% with standard therapy with pegylated interferon and ribavirin,and from evaluating the difficulty of treatment based on genotypes and viral load to determining the treatment strategy according to host IL28B genotypes and response patterns (rapid virologic re-sponse and complete early virologic response).The progress in antiviral therapy strategies for hepatitis C is systematically reviewed for re-understanding of refractory hepatitis C.

Objective To discuss the teaching of neurobiology to improve the teaching quality. Methods 35 students in Grade 2010, 39 in Grade 2011 and 41 in Grade 2012 in our university were enrolled. Grade 2010 received traditional teaching only, Grade 2011 received problem-based learning (PBL) in addition, and Grade 2012 received traditional teaching, PBL and case discussion. The scores of final exami-nation were compared. Results The scores of final examination were higher in students in Grade 2012 than in Grades 2010 and 2011. Con-clusion The combination of traditional teaching, PBL and case discussion may further improve the teaching quality of students.

BACKGROUND: The coating induced by conventional simulated body fluid (SBF) and 1.5-folds SBF as biomimetic method has the shortcomings of slowly growth with weeks or months growth cycle. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate Ti-6Al-4V alloy surface deposition of hydroxyapatite coating induced by 3-folds SBF. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: In vitro biological analysis. The experiment was performed at the Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences from November 2008 to March 2009. MATERIALS: Ti-6A1-4V alloy was supported by Boda Metel Materials Co., Ltd. METHODS: The pretreated Ti-6Al-4V alloy was immersed in 37 'C 3-folds SBF. The SBF was replaced every 24 hours for 3 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The morphology, phase and elemental composition of calcium phosphate coating were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy analysis. RESULTS: The scanning electron microscopy exhibited that the surface of Ti-6A1 -4V alloy was covered with deposited film with granular crystal on local areas at day 1 after immersion. The deposited film covered surface of Ti-6A1-4V alloy at day 3 after immersion, and granular or scale-shaped crystal could be seen. The crystal deposition displayed sustained growth with certain area as center. The product comprised Ca, P, O, C elements without Al, V. X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed that the main component of the coating was hydroxyapatite. CONCLUSION: The 3-folds SBF can accelerate the deposition as well as shorten formation duration of hydroxyapatite coating on Ti-6A1-4V alloy.

Objective To explore the repair effect of methylcobalamin treatment of nerve after spinal cord injury.Methods 108 cases of patients with acute spinal cord injury were selected treated in our hospital from 2010 April to 2014 April , including 60 cases of male, female 48 cases, were randomly divided into Mecobalamin group(n=56) and control group(n=52), mecobalamin group was treat with a cobalt amine, control group was given conventional treatment (dexamethasone intravenous drip note).According to American spinal cord injury score (ASIA) to set sensory function, motor function and spinal cord function score criteria, observed and record ed the sensory function, motor function, recovery of neurological function and complications the two groups of patients were treated for 6 weeks and followed up for 6 months.Results Spinal cord injury patients after 6 weeks and 6 months follow-up, the improvement of sensory and motor function of mecobalamin group were significantly better than the control group ( P <0.01 );Mecobalamin group patients after first to 3 weeks of recovery of neurological function was higher than those of the control group (P<0.05);the 2 groups were found urinary tract infections, lung infections, vomiting, reaction of ulcer complications, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05).Conclusion In patients with acute spinal cord injury treated by mecobalamin treatment can improve the nerve function damage condition, improve the prognosis and quality of life.

Objective:To analyze the distribution of HFE gene (hemochromatosis gene) mutation in normal and iron overload men and discuss the influence of HFE gene mutation on iron overload status of Chinese adult men..Method:The data of 226 normal and 331 iron overload men were drawn from National Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 as control and case group respectively to analyze and compare the distribution of HFE mutation including C282Y mutation, H63D mutation and S65C mutation in normal and iron overload men.Results:In case group, normal gene was 90.03%, homozygosity for H63D mutation 0.6%, heterozygosity for H63D mutation 9.07%, heterozygosity for S65C 0.3%. In control group normal gene was 94.25%, heterozygosity for H63D 5.75%, and no S65C and C282Y mutation was detected. Conclusion: HFE gene mutation was not the major reason resulting in iron overload in Chinese adult men.

Objective:To study the critical value of soluble transferring receptor (sTfR) for assessing iron overload in Chinese adult men. Method:226 normal iron status and 331 iron overload men were drawn from National Nutrition and Health Survey 2002 as control group and case group respectively. To compare the sTfR concentration and distribution between two groups and ascertain the sTfR critical value to assess iron overload by ROC curve. Results:The concentrations of sTfR were 1 325.46?484.92 ng/ml, 1 788.56? 457.02 ng/ml in case group and control group respectively, the former lower than the latter (P

Objective To study telomerase's expression in breast tissue and its value to breast cancinoma's early diagnosis.Method Telomerase activities in one hundred seventy cases were studied by PCR-ELISA analyses.Results Expression of telomerase closely related with breast cancinoma's clincal stages and armpit lymphy node's metastases(P

The incidence of thyroid cancer in South Korea increased 15 times over the past twenty years, that made South Korea became a country of the highest reported incidence in thyroid cancer all over the world. But the mortality of thyroid cancer was stable and unchanged. The incidence of thyroid cancer in our country was growing at an annual percentage change of 20. 1%. It is a generally accepted that the sharply increased incidence is attributed tooverdiagnosis. Here we introduced the definition of overdiagnosis of cancer and the current understanding in tumor field. The corresponding strategy in our country was proposed.