Obiective To explore the effect of pulmanory surfactant on the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Methods In a case control study, 25 newborns with NRDS were treated with Exosurf. At the same time, other 25 newbons with NRDS were served as control. The incidence of BPD in two groups was compared. Results The duration of mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy was shortened in the group treated with PS (13 2?9) days vs (6?4) days, (21?9) days vs (9.3?6) days, respectively The incidence of BPD was decreased from 40% to 20%. Conclusion The duration of mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy can be shortened in the newbons of NRDS treated with PS, but the decreasing of the incidence of BPD were not confirmed.

This article talks about the importance of the cultivation of clinical cogitate ability in detail.Then the author did some useful research on how to guide,illume and direct the students to establish clinical cogitate ability during lemology practice,and made them have solid ground to be qualified doctors.The author poses that the cultivation of clinical cogitate ability must be rooted not in academic discussion but in teaching practice.

Objective:To investigate the effect of catgut implantation at acupoint,Compound Erxian Decoction on levels of serum cytokine in ovariectomized rats.Methods:Sixty 3-month-old female Sprague-drawley rats,weighed 230?20g each,were divided into six groups,ten rats in each group.The first group were sham-operated(Sham-G),while the remaining groups,established by excising both sides ovary,were catgut-acupuncture group(CAG),Chinese herb group(CHG),catgut-acupuncture plus Chinese herb group(CCG),estrogen group(EG)and model group(MG).There wasn’t any therapy in sham-operated group and model group.After 12 weeks corresponding therapy,all groups were sacrificed to procure blood serum for testing the contents of E 2 ,GM-CSF,IGF-1,TNF-?by means of radioimmunoassay and both retral thighbone for testing bone mineral density(BMD) and bone mineral content(BMC)in each specimen.Results:The BMD and BMC of thighbone,E 2 and IGF-1 of serum and in CAG,CHG,CCG and EG was compared with Sham-G,there was no significant difference,but which was higher than MG(P

BACKGROUND: Drug treatment has unsatisfactory effect on Alzheimer disease, while many studies have indicated that the transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) is effective on Parkinson disease, cerebral ischemia, etc., but the mechanism is still unclear.OBJECTIVE: To imitate transplantation environment by co-culture of amyloid β1-40 (Aβ1-40) damaged PC12 cells and MSCs, observe the effect of bi-directional information feedback in the microenvironment on the transdifferentiation of MSCs to nerve cells, and observe its protective effect on the apoptosis of damaged PC12 cells.DESTGN: A comparative observation.SETTING: Department of Neurology, China Medical University.MATERIALS: SD rats of 2-3 weeks after birth either male or female were used. PC12 cell lines were purchased from the Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; neuro-specific enolase (1:50, Boster, Wuhan);Methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium (MTT) 15 μL (terminal concentration of 0.5 g/L).METHODS: The experiment was carried out in the Experimental Center (provincial experimental animal center) of China Medical University from June to July in 2004. Bilateral femurs were aseptically removed from 1 SD rat, and MSCs were identified using CD44 antibody immunofiuorescently. PC12 was used to replace nerve cells. The PC12 cells were stimulated by Aβ1-40 then transferred by Transwell. There were 5 groups: Group A: normally cultured PC12 co-cultured with MSCs; Group B: Aβ1-40 stimulated PC12 co-cultured with MSCs; Group C: normal PC12 supernatant+MSCs; Group D: damaged PC12 supernatant+MSCs; Group E: MSCs cultured with common medium 1640.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Routine immunohistochemical staining was performed. NSE positive cells were observed under inverted fluorescence microscope, 10 visual fields (200×) were randomly selected to count the positive cells. MTT metabolic rate was used to detect the proliferation of MSCs in each group. The differences of measurement data were compared using the one-way analysis of variance.fluorescent and bright fields, NSE positive cells appeared as red fluorescence, MSCs were bipolar, multipolar and cone shapes, and appeared as neuron-like forms with dendrite-like structure, and there were extensive connections among some neuron-like cells. The NSE positive rates was obviously higher in group B than groups A, C, D and E (P ＜ 0.01 ).in groups A, C, D and E (F=9.713, P＜ 0.01).

BACKGROUND: The primary pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease (AD) is linked to β-amyloid (Aβ)protein. Neural progenitor cells (NPCs), which have the ability of multipotency, self-renewal and repair,have been detected in the central nerve system (CNS) of adult rat recently. But effective function of these neural progenitor cells are not seen in the AD brain ,which mechanism is unclear.It is unclear if Aβ1-40protein is compromised by the signal pathway of c-Jun N-termial kinase associated with the neurotoxicity to the progenitor cells on the cortex of embryonic rats.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of c-Jun N-terminal kinase signal transduction pathway of Aβ1-40 protein, which has neuronal toxicity to progenitor cells(CPC)on the cortex of embryonic rats . To detect the neuroprotective effects of c-Jun N-termial kinase inhibitor (SP600125) against Aβ1-40-induced neuronal toxicity to the cortical progenitor cells on the cortex of embryonic rats.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled trial with cells as objects.SETTING: Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to China Medical UniversityMATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Central Laboratory,China Medical University from May to October 2005. Embryos at age of 14 days from Wistar rats were used in this experiment.METHODS: Cortical progenitor cells harvested from Wistar embryonic rats were cultured in vitro, passaged and identified. Embryonic rat cortical progenitor cells of rats with good growth state were randomly divided into 4groups:Aβ1-40 group (10 nmol/L Aβ1-40 in each well);SP600125+Aβ1-40group (10 μmol/L SP600125 for 30 minutes and then with 10 nmol/L Aβ1-40 in each well); SP600125 group ( 10 μmol/L SP600125 in each well); Normal saline group (same volume of normal saline). The incubated durations were 0,2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours respectively,8 wells for each time point. The cell survival rate was measured by MTF assay (The concentration of cortical progenitor cells on the cortex was 1×10s L-1 in each group), the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometer (The concentration of cortical progenitor cells on the cortex was 1 ×1010 L-1in each group) and the expression of c-Jun N-termial kinase and p-c-Jun N-termial kinase, c-Jun,p-c-Jun were measured by Western Blot(The concentration of cortical progenitor cells on the cortex was 1×1013 L-1 in each group). t test was adopted for the comparison of difference in measurement data.sion of c-Jun N-terminal kinase, p-c-Jun N-termial kinase ,c-Jun and p-c-Jun of embryonic rat CPC .ture time in Aβ group and SP600125 +Aβ group, decreased obviously at 4hours; cellular survival rate in Aβ1-40 group was lower obviously than that in the other 3 groups at 0,2,4,6,12,24 hours (P ＜ 0.01); Cellular survival rate in SP60025 +Aβ1-40 group was lower obviously than that in SP600125 group and normal saline group at 2,4,6,12,24 hours (P ＜ 0.01);Compared with normal saline group, the difference of cell survival rate was not significant without time-dependent manner in SP600125 group (P＞ 0.05).amyloid protein group and SP600125 +Aβ group, increased obviously at 4hours; cell apoptosis rate in Aβ1-40 group was higher obviously than that of the other 3 groups at 0,2,4,6,12,24 hours(P ＜ 0.01); Cellular apoptosis rate in SP60025+Aβ1-40 group was higher obviously than that in the SP600125 group and normal saline group at 2,4,6,12,24 hours (P ＜ 0.01);Compared with normal saline group, the difference of cellular apoptosis rate was not significant without time-dependent manner in SP600125 group 12,24 hours without changes in Aβ1-40 group; the expression of p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p-c-Jun in Aβ1-40 group were seen at 0hour ,increased gradually, reached to the peak at hour 4 and decreased gradually.CONCLUSION: Aβ1-40 could inhibit the cell activity of CPC , reduce cellular survival rate and induce cellular apoptosis. c-Jun N-terminal kinase signal transduction pathway may mediate the Aβ1-40 inducd neurnal apoptosis in AD which may be one reason for unseen rescue mechanism in AD. SP600125 (c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor) could inhibit the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and c-Jun and protect the embryonic rats CPC from the Aβ1-40-induced neurotoxicity.

Objective To establish the co-culture system of marrow stromal cells (MSCs)and A?1-40 injured PC12 in vitro and to evaluate the effect and mechanisms of the system inhibiting apoptosis of PC12 induced by A?1-40.Methods MSCs and PC12 were cultured in vitro and identified by CD44 immunofluorescent staining;PC12 were damaged by A?1-40,and transferred by transwell followed by the classification into 5 groups. PI and Annexin-V co-fluorescent staining was performed,then PC12 apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry and EM;Supernatant was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay (ELISA) to detected TGF-?,NGF,BDNF,and bFGF. Results About 96% MSCs showed CD44 positive cells. Co-culture group had the lowest rate of PC12 apoptosis(46.17%?8.28%,F=61.637,P0.05). Conclusion The co-culture system of MSCs and A?1-40 injured PC12 in vitro could inhibit apoptosis of PC12 induced by A?1-40. Thus grafted MSCs have the possibility to inhibit neuronal apoptosis by A?in the diseased brain.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelinolysis, Central Pontine ; complications ; diagnosis ; Prognosis

Objective To explore the significance of multiple microelectrode guided technique in determining the sensory?motor area of the sub?thalamic nucleus(STN)in deep brain stimulation(DBS)surgeries. Methods A total of 22 electrophysiological recording data of STNs recorded by multiple microelectrode was retrospectively analyzed ,while another 20 electrophysiological recording data of STNs recorded by a single micro?electrode was recruited as the control group. Results A total of 64 microelectrodes were used in 22 STNs guided by multiple electrophysiological recording electrodes. Sensory or motor activated potentials were recorded in 21 sides(95.5%),while regular discharge was recorded in one side. The average length of typical STN activity on the optimal channel of multiple electrophysiological recording electrodes was 5.58±0.53 mm,and the average length of sensory or motor activated potentials was 3.27±1.54 mm. In contrast,the average length of typical STN activity recorded by single microelectrode was 5.02±1.01 mm. However,sensory or motor activated potentials were recorded in 13 sides(65.0%)with the average length of 1.36±0.98 mm. Among the 22 STNs guided by multiple electrophysiological recording electrodes,the final implanted target was consistent with the initially selected anatomic target in 13 sides(coincidence rate,59.1%). In 9 sides,the electrophysiological target was inconsistent with the initially selected anatomic target. Conclusion STN DBS performed with multiple electrophysiological recording electrodes resulted in better outcomes of recording of the average length of typical STN activity or the average length of sensory or motor activated potentials of STN ,final confirmation of STN sensory motor area and determination of the optimal channel of implantation. Application of multiple electrophysiological recording electrodes provides a premise for the precise electrode placement in STN DBS surgeries.

Objective:To investigate the expression and role of costimulatory molecule CD137 on CD4+T cell in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Methods:The expression of CD137 on T lymphocyte from 30 SLE patients and 20 healthy controls were detected by flow cytometry.Results:The expression of CD137 on CD4+T lymphocytes from patients with active SLE were significantly higher than that of patients with inactive SLE and normal control(21.56?4.08 vs 3.01?0.09,1.24?0.12,P

Objective We conducted a case-control study to verify the association of rs2070045 SOLR1 polymorphism with PD in the northern Han Chinese population from mainland China.Methods A total of 215 unrelated Han Chinese healthy people and 377 PD patients were included in the study.According to the onset age,the PD patients were divided into 2 groups:early onset PD group (onset age ≤ 50 years old) and late onset PD group (＞50 years old).Clinical data was collected and peripheral blood genomic DNA was extracted using MALDI-TOF-PEX technology.The correlation of rs2070045 SOLR1 with Parkinson's disease was analyzed.Results Genotypic frequencies of rs2070045 SNP were investigated through the data from a total of 592 subjects including 377 PD patients and 215 control participants.Genotypes of TT,TG and GG were found in 52,182 and 143 PD patients respectively and in 31,13 and 71 Healthy controls.No significant differences were found in the genotype and allele frequency for rs2070045 between PD group and healthy control (HC) groups.The genotype for rs2070045 in the early-onset PD group was significantly different from that in the HC group (P=0.036).There were no significant differences in genotype and allele frequency between late-onset PD and HC groups.Moreover,carriers of the G-allele (genotype GG/ TG) of rs2070045 showed a significantly decreased risk of early-onset PD compared to non-carriers according to the Logistic regression analysis.Onset age of carriers (genotype GG/ TG) in late-onset PD group was lower compared to non-carries (P=0.001).Other clinical features such as gender,Hoehn-Yahr stage and disease duration had no statistical difference between carriers and non-carriers of PD patients.Conclusion We have found that rs2070045 SNP of SORL1 was associated with early-onset Parkinson's disease in the northern Han Chinese population.G-allele of rs2070045 SNP decrease the risk for early-onset PD,suggesting G-allele might be a protecting factor of early-onset PD.The influence of SORL1 gene polymorphism on Parkinson's disease warrants further investigation.