Objective To detect whether and where brain functional connectivity exists in the resting state of patients with early-onset schizophrenia by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods Nineteen early-onset schizophrenic patients were diagnosed with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) of American Psychiatric Association. The 19 early-onset schizophrenic patients and another 19 healthy volunteers underwent fMRI in resting state. Cingulate gyrus was selected as region of interest and the difference was analyzed in the cingulate gyrus functional connectivity pattern between the 19 patients with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) and 19 matched controls using resting-state fMRI. A two-sample t test was performed on the individual in a voxel by voxel manner. Results Statistical map was set a combined threshold of P＜0.005 and the number of voxel>20. Functional connectivity in the resting state was abnormal in the patients,including decreased functional connectivity and increased functional connectivity. The abnormal area was distributed all over the brain. The brain area with decreased functional connectivity included bilateral posterior cerebellar lobes, superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, gyrus rectus,hippocampus, cuneus gyrus,fusiform gyrus,middle occipital gyrus,inferior occipital gyrus, right inferior temporal gyrus,right middle temporal gyrus, and right angular gyrus. The brain area with increased functional connectivity included left middle temporal and left inferior temporal gyrus. Conclusion Abnormal cingulate gyrus functional connectivity of schizophrenia might exist in the resting state. Resting state fMRI is important for the research of schizophrenia.

Objective To study the effect of mental intervention on pregnant result in patients undergoing IVF-ET treatment.Methods 206 patients undergoing IVF-ET treatment in the hospital from February 2012 to Jan-uary 2013 were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The experiment group (n=103) was followed by mental intervention after the patients enrolled the IVF-ET treatment, the control group (n=103) enrolled the IVF-ET treatment without mental intervention.Results The HAMA and HAMD quantity grades for anxious and depression of patients in the experiment group were significantly lower than those of control ( <0.01), and the pregnancy rate of experiment group (45.63%) was higher than that of control (30.10%) <0.05. Conclusion Mental intervention for patients undergoing IVF-ET treatment could alleviate their anxiety-depression and improve the pregnancy rate of IVF.

Objective To explore the effects of biomimetic electrical stimulation on inducing differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) into cardiomyocyte-like cells in isolated myocardium.Methods MSCs and cardiac myocytes from SD rats were isolated and cultured by modified method.MSCs were then co-cultured with cardiac myocytes(MSCs/ cardiomyocyte co-culture system).The co-culture system was divided into stimulated group and non-stimulated group.MSCs cells in stimulated group were given supra-threshold square biphasic pulses stimulation(5ms duration,0.5Hz,10V) lasting for 2h each day,while in non-stimulated group were routinely cultured.Each group was divided into three subgroups according to the incubation time of 3,5 and 7 days.The characteristic morphology of MSCs in every subgroup was observed under light microscope.The expression of cTnT in MSCs was detected by immunofluorescence.The rate of cTnT positive expression was also compared between two groups.Results The growth and frequency of myocardial wave of MSCs cells in stimulated group were better or higher than those in non-stimulated group.No expression of cTnT was detected in non-stimulated group at the 5th day of the experiment,while a few MSCs cells in the stimulated group expressed cTnT at the same time point.The cTnT expression was detected in the MSCs cells in the both groups on the 7th day.The rate of cTnT positive expression in stimulated group(20.98%?5.55%) was significantly higher than that in non-stimulated group(13.20%?3.98%,P

This paper presents the ultrastructural studies of the immediate and delayed effects of Cadmium (Cd) on rat testes and the protective effects of Zinc (Zn) on Cd induced injury. Forty-two rats were divided into three groups: 1) treatment with Cd (2mg/kg body weight); 2) treatment with Cd combined with Zn (80mg/kg body weight); and 3) the controls.The ultrastructural changes of some spermatids, spermatogonia primary spermatocytes and peritubular tissue were detected within 10—30 minutes after Cd treatment. The morphlogical alterations of spermatids and primary spermatocytes appeared first. However, after 1 hour, the changes of testicular capillaries were observed, and those of the Leydig cells were found within 2—4 hours. After 3—7 days, the seminiferous epitheium, peritubular tissue and interstitial tissue were totally necrosed. These results suggest that both seminiferous tubules and testicular capillaries are damaged directly by Cd treatment, but the ultrastructural alterations of the capillaries appear later than those of the seminiferous tubules. The protective effect of Zn on the testicular injury induced by Cd is prominent. However, this effect on the early spermatids is weaker than that on the other germ cells.

In present study, animal model of cardiac hypertrophy induced by abdominal aortic stenosis was utilized, and the lysosomes were investigated by electron microscopy and ultrastructural cytochemistry. The results showed that while cardiac hypertrophy developed, lysosomes participate in apparent remolding of cardiac muscle cells; in the late stage of cardiac hypertrophy, a great deal of autophagocytoses were viewed in some muscle cells which may result in irreversible cell damage.

Objective To examine the association between the polymorphisms of apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) and geriatric depression (GD),and then conduct an exploratory investigation to analyse whether the APOE polymorphisms would relate to the depressive syndrome severity,the cognitive function,or the level of serum lipid in patients.Methods Participants,including 120 GD patients and 120 normal controls were enrolled to detect the two single nucleotide polymorphisms of APOE,rs7412 and rs429358 using the technology of SNP site testing.The frequency differences of genotype and allele were compared between the two groups.Then the association between APOE polymorphisms and clinical or demographic data of patients were clarified.The relationship between clinical or demographic data,and the cognitive function of GD patients were investigated using the Logistic multiple regression analysis.Results The frequency of APOE genotype and allele showed no significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).Patients carrying e4 allen had significantly lower total scores of Man-Machine System Engineering((22.38±2.22) vs (25.28±2.28),t=3.091,P＜0.01) and higher levels of TC (t=2.225,P＜ 0.05) and LDL(t=2.728,P＜0.01) compared with those without ε4 allen.The specific symptoms of patients carrying e4 allen were cognitive impairment(load 0.902) and retardant factors(load 0.695),while patients without ε4 allen had characteristic symptoms of anxiety(load 0.990) and weight factors(load 0.864).Ranked by the effect power,the risk factors of cognitive impairment of GD patients are ε4(b'=1.097) and then TCTC (b'=0.401).Conclusions APOE may not modulate the susceptibility to GD.Patients carrying ε4 allen have severer cognitive impairment and higher levels of serum lipid.The different genotypes may lead to different clinical symptoms.

Objective To investigate the effect of low oxygen tension (7.5% O2) on human embryo development in vitro and outcome of women undergoing IVF-ET. Methods The data of 280 routine IVF cycles with fresh embryo transfer on day3 conducted in the 2nd People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from February 2012 to August 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Two groups, 7.5%O2 low oxygen tension (n=120) and 20%O2 high oxygen tension (n=160),were setup for early embryo (D1-D3) development in vitro. Results Good quality embryo on day 3 in low oxygen tension group showed morphologically appearance of blastomere mutually clinging to each other,a characteristic of slight compaction. Higher rate of good quality embryo (66.22%V. 47.54%) and of clinical pregnancy (53.33%v. 39.22%) were found in the low oxygen tension group. There were no significantly differences in rates of fertilization,cleavage and embryo utilization respectively between the two groups ( all>0. 05) . Conclusion High quality early stage human embryos can be developed in vitro in low oxygen tension, and may improve clinic outcome of IVF.

BACKGROUND:The treatment of autologous pericardium transplantation has been widely applied in clinics, mainly involving cardiovascular repair and reconstruction, the treatment of ocular surface disease. The study addressing protection effects of autologous pericardium transplantation on the heart with ischemia injury is rarely reported. The investigations on the safety and protection effects of autologous pericardial transplantation on the heart with ischemia injury are of important significance.
OBJECTIVE:To explore effect of autologous pericardial transplantation on cardiac electrical activity and the protective effects on myocardial ischemia.
METHODS:Rongchang pork pigs and Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups:autologous pericardium transplantation, myocardial ischemia, and myocardial ischemia+autologous pericardium transplantation. The model of myocardial ischemia was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in the groups of myocardial ischemia and myocardial ischemia+autologous pericardium transplantation. The model of transplantation was established by autologous pericardium transplant with flap in the groups of autologous pericardium transplantation and myocardial ischemia+autologous pericardium transplantation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Porcine electrocardiogram monitoring results showed that, superventricular premature beat was frequently observed in each group of pigs;the ventricular premature beat was occasional observed in autologous pericardium transplantation group, ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibril ation did not appear. Compared with myocardial ischemia group, the ventricular premature beat decreased and the heart function was improved in myocardial ischemia+autologous pericardium transplantation group (P<0.05). Rat electrocardiogram monitoring results showed that, the ventricular fibril ation did not appear in autologous pericardium transplantation group, the lethal ventricular fibril ation did not appear in myocardial ischemia and myocardial ischemia+autologous pericardium transplantation groups. Compared with myocardial ischemia group, the heart function was improved, the apoptosis index decreased, the expressions of Bcl-2 protein increased, the expressions of Caspase-3 protein decreased in myocardial ischemia+autologous pericardium transplantation group (P<0.05). The autologous pericardium transplantation with flap cannot induce malignant ventricular arrhythmia and is relatively safe;the ventricular premature beat is reduced, the cardiac function is improved, which is possibly related to the inhibition of apoptosis in myocardial ischemic area.

BACKGROUND: Electrical stimulation at different intensity, frequency and time on the human body may produce a variety of pathophysiological reactions. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of surface electric-impulse stimulation on heart rhythm and heart rate in mice. METHODS: Thirty Kunming mice were randomly divided into three groups, each group contained 10 mice. Electrical stimulation at different voltage, time and frequency was respectively applied to the three groups. The stimulus power was supplied by BL-420F Data Acquisition & Analysis System. The II lead electrocardiogram was recorded. The systemic reactions and local body changes of mice were observed.

BACKGROUND: Acute renal failure following heart failure assisted circulation have been extensively reported. However, little data have been available concerning morphological analysis of kidney tissues under that condition.OBJECTIVE: To observe morphological change of ischemia/reperfusion kidney in a sheep pulsatile catheter (PUCA) pump short-term support for heart failure model and explore causes of acute renal failure in assisted circulation patients.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Self-contrast animal experiment was performed at the laboratory of Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Renji Hospital of Shanghai Second Medical University between July 2003 and April 2004.MATERIALS: PUCA pump was provided by Gerhard Rakhorst, Professor of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen.METHODS: After ischemic heart failure in 10 sheep was induced successfully and subsequently ischemia/reperfusion kidney was developed, PUCA pump was activated to support the hemodynamics for 3 hours.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hemodynamic parameters were monitored and recorded before thoracotomy, heart failure, and every 45 minutes after the support. Kidney biopsy specimens for light and electron microscopy were obtained 3 hours after support.RESULTS: PUCA pump support was successful in 7 of 10 sheep for 3 hours. During support with the PUCA pump,Hemodynamic parameters gradually restored to normal and stable condition, and blood pressure was close to baseline at the end of experiment. On both light and electron microscopy examination, mild acute kidney change was observed after ischemia/reperfusion. Cytosis in renal glomerulus associated with vasodilatation hyperemia, endepidermis in renal tubules hydropic degeneration, vasodilatation hyperemia and Interstitial edema in renal medulla were the main findings.CONCLUSION: PUCA pump could successfully maintain the hemodynamics for 3 hours in a sheep acute heart failure model,but pathological change in ischemia/reperfusion kidney was remained. It is impossible to predict prognosis of renal function on hemodynamic data alone during support.