Objective To detect whether and where brain functional connectivity exists in the resting state of patients with early-onset schizophrenia by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods Nineteen early-onset schizophrenic patients were diagnosed with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) of American Psychiatric Association. The 19 early-onset schizophrenic patients and another 19 healthy volunteers underwent fMRI in resting state. Cingulate gyrus was selected as region of interest and the difference was analyzed in the cingulate gyrus functional connectivity pattern between the 19 patients with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) and 19 matched controls using resting-state fMRI. A two-sample t test was performed on the individual in a voxel by voxel manner. Results Statistical map was set a combined threshold of P＜0.005 and the number of voxel>20. Functional connectivity in the resting state was abnormal in the patients,including decreased functional connectivity and increased functional connectivity. The abnormal area was distributed all over the brain. The brain area with decreased functional connectivity included bilateral posterior cerebellar lobes, superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, gyrus rectus,hippocampus, cuneus gyrus,fusiform gyrus,middle occipital gyrus,inferior occipital gyrus, right inferior temporal gyrus,right middle temporal gyrus, and right angular gyrus. The brain area with increased functional connectivity included left middle temporal and left inferior temporal gyrus. Conclusion Abnormal cingulate gyrus functional connectivity of schizophrenia might exist in the resting state. Resting state fMRI is important for the research of schizophrenia.

Objective To study the effect of mental intervention on pregnant result in patients undergoing IVF-ET treatment.Methods 206 patients undergoing IVF-ET treatment in the hospital from February 2012 to Jan-uary 2013 were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The experiment group (n=103) was followed by mental intervention after the patients enrolled the IVF-ET treatment, the control group (n=103) enrolled the IVF-ET treatment without mental intervention.Results The HAMA and HAMD quantity grades for anxious and depression of patients in the experiment group were significantly lower than those of control ( <0.01), and the pregnancy rate of experiment group (45.63%) was higher than that of control (30.10%) <0.05. Conclusion Mental intervention for patients undergoing IVF-ET treatment could alleviate their anxiety-depression and improve the pregnancy rate of IVF.

Objective To explore the effects of biomimetic electrical stimulation on inducing differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) into cardiomyocyte-like cells in isolated myocardium.Methods MSCs and cardiac myocytes from SD rats were isolated and cultured by modified method.MSCs were then co-cultured with cardiac myocytes(MSCs/ cardiomyocyte co-culture system).The co-culture system was divided into stimulated group and non-stimulated group.MSCs cells in stimulated group were given supra-threshold square biphasic pulses stimulation(5ms duration,0.5Hz,10V) lasting for 2h each day,while in non-stimulated group were routinely cultured.Each group was divided into three subgroups according to the incubation time of 3,5 and 7 days.The characteristic morphology of MSCs in every subgroup was observed under light microscope.The expression of cTnT in MSCs was detected by immunofluorescence.The rate of cTnT positive expression was also compared between two groups.Results The growth and frequency of myocardial wave of MSCs cells in stimulated group were better or higher than those in non-stimulated group.No expression of cTnT was detected in non-stimulated group at the 5th day of the experiment,while a few MSCs cells in the stimulated group expressed cTnT at the same time point.The cTnT expression was detected in the MSCs cells in the both groups on the 7th day.The rate of cTnT positive expression in stimulated group(20.98%?5.55%) was significantly higher than that in non-stimulated group(13.20%?3.98%,P

This paper presents the ultrastructural studies of the immediate and delayed effects of Cadmium (Cd) on rat testes and the protective effects of Zinc (Zn) on Cd induced injury. Forty-two rats were divided into three groups: 1) treatment with Cd (2mg/kg body weight); 2) treatment with Cd combined with Zn (80mg/kg body weight); and 3) the controls.The ultrastructural changes of some spermatids, spermatogonia primary spermatocytes and peritubular tissue were detected within 10—30 minutes after Cd treatment. The morphlogical alterations of spermatids and primary spermatocytes appeared first. However, after 1 hour, the changes of testicular capillaries were observed, and those of the Leydig cells were found within 2—4 hours. After 3—7 days, the seminiferous epitheium, peritubular tissue and interstitial tissue were totally necrosed. These results suggest that both seminiferous tubules and testicular capillaries are damaged directly by Cd treatment, but the ultrastructural alterations of the capillaries appear later than those of the seminiferous tubules. The protective effect of Zn on the testicular injury induced by Cd is prominent. However, this effect on the early spermatids is weaker than that on the other germ cells.

In present study, animal model of cardiac hypertrophy induced by abdominal aortic stenosis was utilized, and the lysosomes were investigated by electron microscopy and ultrastructural cytochemistry. The results showed that while cardiac hypertrophy developed, lysosomes participate in apparent remolding of cardiac muscle cells; in the late stage of cardiac hypertrophy, a great deal of autophagocytoses were viewed in some muscle cells which may result in irreversible cell damage.

Objective To study the sequence variation in the env V3-V4 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 predominant subtype B strains in Hubei Province and to understand the epidemic characteristics and mutations of HIV-1. Methods Epidemiologic survey was done in the HIV-1 carriers in Hubei area. HIV-1 env V3-V4 regions were amplified by nested-polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). The sequences were determined and then phylogenetic analysis was performed. The difference of gene distance were checked by chi square test and the variation of gene distance were descriptively analyzed. Results Four HIV-1 strains or circulating recombinant forms (CRF) were identified in Hubei Province subtype B', B'/C, CRF01_AE and C were 82.69%, 7.69%, 7.69% and 1.92% ,respectively. B' strains were closely related with B. CN. RL 42 from Yunnan Province and B. CN. 02. 02HN from Province Henan, the gene distances were 7.08 ± 2.19 and 7.88 ± 2.28, respectively. Genetic divergence of env of B' strains showed that subtype B' has existed in Hubei area for about 10 years. Amino acid sequence analysis of section env showed V4 was more variable than C3, V3. The top four peptides of V3 loop were GPGR (46.5%), GPGK (30.2%), GPGQ (13.6%) and GQGR (9.3%). Predictions for the potential use of co-receptors on the basis of the critical amino acids within V3 loop disclosed that 16.28% were CCR5-using (R5/NSI), 13.95% were CXCR4-using (X4/SI) while the co-receptor usage of the vast majority (69.77%) could not be predicted. The analysis of glycosylation sites showed that there were 9 sites in env V3-V4 regions of HIV-1 strains in Hubei area and there were deletions in 8 of them, Conclusions Subtype B' is still the main epidemic subtype in Hubei Province and high homologous to the strains from Yunan and Henan Province.

Objective To assess the effect of the pulsatile catheter (PUCA) pump support on cardiac resuscitation in sheep,and to provide a new approach for saving cardiac arrest patients. Methods Cardiac arrest was induced by ventricular fibrillation in 11 sheep. These sheep were divided into three groups including no support (n=3), delayed support (n=2) and immediate support (n=6). Time for cardiac resuscitation and the ratio of success to failure in each group were recorded. Hemodynamic parameters including heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure(CVP),right ventricular end-diastolic pressure (RVEDP),left atrial pressure (LAP), and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were monitored and recorded at 5, 60 and 180 min after cardiac resuscitation with PUCA pump. Results Time for cardiac resuscitation in no support group, delayed support group and immediate support group was (38.3±5.8),(43.5±9.2) and (48.7±23.8)minutes, respectively(P＞0.05),and the ratio of success to failure was 0/3,0/2 and 5/1, respectively ( P＜0.05). After cardiac resuscitation with the PUCA pump support, MAP, SBP and DBP increased gradually(P＜0.05).Conclusions PUCA pump can maintain the hemodynamic stability in a sheep model of cardiac arrest,and can thus increase the success rate of cardiac resuscitation. It may be suitable for resuscitating cardiac arrest patients.

BACKGROUND: Acute renal failure following heart failure assisted circulation have been extensively reported. However, little data have been available concerning morphological analysis of kidney tissues under that condition.OBJECTIVE: To observe morphological change of ischemia/reperfusion kidney in a sheep pulsatile catheter (PUCA) pump short-term support for heart failure model and explore causes of acute renal failure in assisted circulation patients.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Self-contrast animal experiment was performed at the laboratory of Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Renji Hospital of Shanghai Second Medical University between July 2003 and April 2004.MATERIALS: PUCA pump was provided by Gerhard Rakhorst, Professor of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen.METHODS: After ischemic heart failure in 10 sheep was induced successfully and subsequently ischemia/reperfusion kidney was developed, PUCA pump was activated to support the hemodynamics for 3 hours.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hemodynamic parameters were monitored and recorded before thoracotomy, heart failure, and every 45 minutes after the support. Kidney biopsy specimens for light and electron microscopy were obtained 3 hours after support.RESULTS: PUCA pump support was successful in 7 of 10 sheep for 3 hours. During support with the PUCA pump,Hemodynamic parameters gradually restored to normal and stable condition, and blood pressure was close to baseline at the end of experiment. On both light and electron microscopy examination, mild acute kidney change was observed after ischemia/reperfusion. Cytosis in renal glomerulus associated with vasodilatation hyperemia, endepidermis in renal tubules hydropic degeneration, vasodilatation hyperemia and Interstitial edema in renal medulla were the main findings.CONCLUSION: PUCA pump could successfully maintain the hemodynamics for 3 hours in a sheep acute heart failure model,but pathological change in ischemia/reperfusion kidney was remained. It is impossible to predict prognosis of renal function on hemodynamic data alone during support.

Objective To investigate the effect of low oxygen tension (7.5% O2) on human embryo development in vitro and outcome of women undergoing IVF-ET. Methods The data of 280 routine IVF cycles with fresh embryo transfer on day3 conducted in the 2nd People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from February 2012 to August 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Two groups, 7.5%O2 low oxygen tension (n=120) and 20%O2 high oxygen tension (n=160),were setup for early embryo (D1-D3) development in vitro. Results Good quality embryo on day 3 in low oxygen tension group showed morphologically appearance of blastomere mutually clinging to each other,a characteristic of slight compaction. Higher rate of good quality embryo (66.22%V. 47.54%) and of clinical pregnancy (53.33%v. 39.22%) were found in the low oxygen tension group. There were no significantly differences in rates of fertilization,cleavage and embryo utilization respectively between the two groups ( all>0. 05) . Conclusion High quality early stage human embryos can be developed in vitro in low oxygen tension, and may improve clinic outcome of IVF.

Objective: To evaluate the superiority in diagnosing DVT between venography and duplex ultrasound, and the effectiveness of C-reactive protein (CRP) as a biomarker. Methods: Firstly,the iliac - femoral vein of the dog left hind leg was isolated,and then, the thrombosis model was established by infusing the thrombin after breaking endangium.The recanalization of thrombosis was assessed by duplex ultrasound and venography, and the expression of serum hsCRP was also examined. From 2006 to 2008, 77 patients with acute DVT proximal to the knee joint were admitted. The interval between the onset of DVT and admission was 1-21 days. They were treated mainly with urokinase and low molecular weight heparin for 2 weeks. The assessment of each patient including clinical manifestation, venography, duplex ultrasound and serum highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were performed immediately after admission and 4 weeks after discharge. Results: After medical therapy for 2 weeks, the clinical features prominently subsided in 49 patients, improved in 23 and didn’t ameliorate in 5.4 weeks after discharge, venography showed clot regression in 15 patients; while in the remaining 62 patients the occluded venous lumen were not visualized, duplex ultrasound showed partial lysis of the thrombosis. At admission, the hsCRP was 28.91?29.4mg/L, and it dropped to 8.13?12.7mg/L at 4 weeks after discharge. Conclusion:Duplex ultrasound was effective to assess DVT. The hsCRP was positively related to the severity of DVT.