OBJECTIVE:To determine the concentration of cefdinir in rat plasma,and investigate its pharmacokinetics. METH-ODS:High performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) was adopted by using fused-silica capillary (75 μm,total length of 30 cm,effective length of 21.5 cm),buffer solution of 20 mmol/L citric acid,injection voltage of 10 kV for 10 s,separation voltage of -20 kV,and detection wavelength of 214 nm. 6 rats were intragastrically received cefdinir solution(20 mg/kg). 0.2 mL blood sample was taken from the tail vein before and 0.25,0.5,1,1.5,2,3,4,6,12,24 h after administration. BAPP 2.0 software was used to calculate the pharmacokinetics parameters. RESULTS:The linear range of cedinir ranged 0.2-50 μg/mL(r=0.9997), lower limit of quantification was 0.2 μg/mL. The intra-day(n=6)and inter-day RSDs of(n=3)precision test were no more than 12.2%;RSD of stability test was no more than 9.10%(n=6);method recovery rate was 95.4%-114.3%(RSD=9.0%,n=6);matrix effect was 63.5%-70.2%(RSD=10.39%,n=6). The t1/2 of cefdinir in rats in vivo was(0.54±0.01)h,MRT was(1.90± 0.14)h,cmax was(32.92±0.81)μg/mL,tmax was(1.50±0.02)h,AUC0-24 h was(46.65±0.44)μg·h/mL and AUC0-∞was(46.83± 0.44)μg·h/mL. CONCLUSIONS:The method is rapid,accurate and simple,and can be used for the determination of cefdinir con-centration in rat plasma and its pharmacokinetics research.

Objecfive To study the influence of edaravone therapy on semm levels of neuronspecific enolase (NSE)in the patients of severe brain trauma and assess the therapic effect of edaravone.Method Sixty patients of severe brain trauma were randomly assigned into the treatment group(n=30)and the control group(n=30).Besides the routine treatment in both groups.edaravone Was only used in the treatment group.NSE levels were measured in the two groups before treatment and at 1st,3rd,5th,7th day after treatment.Results NSE levels before treatment in treatment group and control group were(48.73±30.46)μg/L and (40.86±22.05)μg/L,respectively,there Was no statistical significance between two groups.NSE levels after treatment at 3rd,5th,7th day in the two groups were(34.16±15.08),(29.86±12.61),(29.93±14.77)μg/L and (27.42±10.07),(22.33±8.93),(21.17±9.67)μg/L,respectively,there were statistical significances between two groups and in the same group (P＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ). With the time of therapy extended,NSE levels declined progressively. There were no significant adverse drug reactions during the treatment period. Conclusions The influence of edaravone therapy on serum levels of NSE in the patients of severe brain trauma is significant,edaravone for patients with severe brain trauma has a better curative effect ,medication safety,and fewer adverse drug reactions during acute phase.

Objective To observe the effect of contortrostafin on human glioma xengoraft model and explore its mechanism.Method Animal models were established on BALB/c nude mice with subcutaneously transplanted neoplasma of U87 glioma.The nude mice bearing withU87 slioma were devided randomly into two groups,which were treated without drugs or with doses of 40 μg/d.The dimension of xenografts was measured and the living state of nude mice with U87 glioma was observed.The protein expression of microvesel density(MVD),bFGF in each paraff in imbedded xenograft of nude mice bearing with U87 glioma were detected by immunohistochemistry staining.Result Contortrostafin inhibited the growth of xenografts in nude mice with U87 glioma(P＜0.05),and the tumor volume was reduced by 50%.Meanwhile the control group highly expressed bFGF at the level of protein,coupling with increase of MVD.Compared with the dissolvent control group,contortrostatin treated group showed lower expression of bFGF,(P＜0.01)and more decrease in MVD(P＜0.01).Conclusion Contortrostatin diffusa has significant inhibitive effect on human glioma xenograft.

Objective To investigate the efficacy, technical tip, safety and complication prevention of combining Neuroform stents and Guglielmi detachable coils for treating acute ruptured giant intracranial aneurysms. Methods Among 10 cases who were diagnosed with giant intracranial aneurysms,Neuroform stents were released for supporting the neck of aneurysms, then micro-catheters were inserted into aneurysms through lumina of stents and coils were implanted. Results All the operations were completed successfully. There was no complication in these cases. The aneurysms were packed totally in 9 cases and partly in 1 case.Eight postoperative cases were followed up by 6 to 17 months. Neither bleeding nor thrombus was found, and all the patients recovered well. Conclusion Combining Neuroform stents and Guglielmi detachable coils for treating acute ruptured giant intracranial aneurysms is a safe and effective method.

Objective To study curative effect of edaravone on acute severe brain injury through the observation of neuron-specific enolase( that is:NSE) changes.Methods 60 severe brain injury patients were randomly assigned into the treatment group (n=30 ) and the control group (n=30).Besides the routine treatment,edaravone was used in the treatment group for 7 days.The control group received the same treatment except edaravone.NSE were measured in the two groups before the treatment and at 1st,3rd,5th,7th day after the treatment.GCS was evaluated at 21 days.Results Compared the NSE before treatment and after three days,they had significant difference(P＜0.05,also between the two groups and the GCS after 21 days.they had no significant adverse drug reactions during the two groups of patients with medication.Conclusion Edaravone for patients with severe brain injury has a better treatment effect,medication safety,fewer adverse reactions from the mechanism of NSE at acute phase.

Objective To analyze the clinical features,methods of treatment and prognosis of primary neurogenic tumors of mediastinum in patients taking surgical intervention.Methods A database was maintained retrospectively of all patients undergoing surgery for tumor and pathologically diagnosed with primary neurogenic tumors of mediastinum,managed in the Department of Thoracic Surgery,Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai between Jan.,2008 and Dec.,2014.This work analyzed retrospectively the information about clinical and imaging features,surgical techniques and outcome extracted from medical records.Results Among the 131 cases,78 cases (59.5％) were males,53 cases (40.5％) were females;72 cases were diagnosed incidentally (55.0％),while the other 59 cases (45.0 ％) suffered from different symptoms.The posterior mediastinum was the most principal location with 61 cases in the left and 69 cases in the right,and 1 case remained in the anterior mediastinum.Total 98 cases (74.8％) underwent surgeries via video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS),5 cases (3.8％) took VATS surgery with small incision,and 28 cases (21.4％) experienced open thoracotomy,with no mortality during perioperative period.Gross total resection was obtained in 130 patients (99.2％).The remaining patient underwent a palliative resection for malignant schwannomas.Of the patients,98 cases had benign schwannomas (74.8％),24 cases had gangliocytomas (18.3％),2 cases had malignant schwannomas (1.5％),2 cases had neurofibromas (1.5％),2 cases had paragangliomas (1.5％),2 cases hadprimitive neurotodermal tumor (PNET) (1.5％) and 1 case had neuroblastomas (0.8％).All patients were followed up from 12 to 95 months with an average of 53 months.A patient with PNET died of tumor metastasis,a patient with malignant schwannomas died after palliative ectomy,and 2 cases died of other reasons.The rest survived until Jan.,2016 with tumor free.Conclusions Nearly no specific clinical symptoms occur in neurogenic tumors of mediastinum.Most of neurogenic tumors of mediastinum are benign with optimistic prognosis after surgical treatment.While malignant neurogenic tumorsusually come with poor prognosis,which places special emphasis on early diagnose together with surgical treatment.

To investigate the effects of osthole on chondrocyte proliferation in vitro.

We constructed different N-terminal truncated variants based on Bacillus acidopullulyticus pullulanase 3D structure (PDB code 2WAN), and studied the effects of truncated mutation on soluble expression, enzymatic properties, and application in saccharification. Upon expression, the variants of X45 domain deletion existed as inclusion bodies, whereas deletion of CBM41 domain had an effective effect on soluble expression level. The variants that lack of CBM41 (M1), lack of X25 (M3), and lack both of CBM41 and X25 (M5) had the same optimal pH (5.0) and optimal temperature (60 degrees C) with the wild-type pullulanase (WT). The K(m) of M1 and M5 were 1.42 mg/mL and 1.85 mg/mL, respectively, 2.4- and 3.1-fold higher than that of the WT. k(cat)/K(m) value of M5 was 40% lower than that of the WT. Substrate specificity results show that the enzymes exhibited greater activity with the low-molecular-weight dextrin than with high-molecular-weight soluble starch. When pullulanases were added to the saccharification reaction system, the dextrose equivalent of the WT, M1, M3, and M5 were 93.6%, 94.7%, 94.5%, and93.1%, respectively. These results indicate that the deletion of CBM41 domain and/or X25 domain did not affect the practical application in starch saccharification process. Furthermore, low-molecular-weight variants facilitate the heterologous expression. Truncated variants may be more suitable for industrial production than the WT.
Bacillus ; enzymology ; Glycoside Hydrolases ; metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Protein Conformation ; Sequence Deletion ; Substrate Specificity ; Temperature

Objective To explore the monitoring methods for pancreatic graft function after upper abdominal cluster transplantation.Methods Analysis of the clinical data of 5 cases of successful upper abdominal(cluster) transplantation in our center.Results The patients recovered well after the operation.Endocrine and exocrine functions of all the pancreas graft returned to normal without any rejection.Conclusions Dynamic monitoring of blood glucose,C-peptide,blood insulin,blood amylase,urine amylase,amylase in abdominal drainage and duodenal tube decompression drainage,in addition to Doppler color ultrasound examination,can effectively detect the endocrine and exocrine function of the pancreas graft.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of neuroendoscope on surgery.

METHODS315 patients were treated with neuroendoscope. Endoscopic neurosurgery (EN) was used in 219 patients, endoscope-assisted microneurosurgery (EAM) in 72, and endoscope-controlled microneurosurgery (ECM) in 24.

RESULTS201 (91.8%) of the 219 patients underwent EN effectively. In 72 patients who underwent EAM there was less retraction during tumor removal and visual control was improved. 21 (87.5%) of the 24 patients underwent ECM effectively. No severe complications were observed.

CONCLUSIONNeuroendoscopy can reduce tissue trauma, improve visualization during tumor removal, and reduce complications.