PGD_2 and its signal transduction way play a critical role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma, such as immune and allergic inflammatory responses.So more and more investigators pay attention to it.This paper reviews that PGD_2 and its recepors effect on the pathologic changes in asthma.

Radiotherapy is one of the most important treatment methods for esophageal carcinoma. However, radiation resistance is the biggest problem and obstacle for patients with esophageal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy. Radiosensitivity is the focus and difficulty in the study of tumor radiobiology. A variety of genes and their expression products affect the radiosensitivity of esophageal carcinoma. Consequently, if the genes and biomarkers that determine radiosensitivity can be detected before radiotherapy, it will play a vital role in investigating the mechanism of radiotherapy sensitization, targeted therapy and radiotherapy efficacy prediction to guide individual therapy. In this article, major genes and biomarkers associated with esophageal carcinoma radiosensitivity in recent years were reviewed from different signal transduction pathways.

The ethical education of laboratory medicine,as the indispensable part of modern medicine practice,hasn't been adequately emphasized,so that non-ethical things often ouur.This artide discusses the importance of ethical education on the field of laboratry medicine.

Eighteen cases(20 ears) of sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in children had been reviewed. The results showed that the course of disease was longer before the patients receieved treatment. There may be a relationship between sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in children and viral infection of upper respiratory or parotitis. The effect of treatment was similar to adults. DF-521 was effective and safe for sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in children.

Objective To compare the effect and complications of lumboperitoneal shunt (LP) and ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VP) in treatment of posttraumatic hydrocephalus (PTH).Methods A retrospective study was made on 150 cases of posttraumatic communicating hydrocephalus managed with LP or VP from June 2013 to June 2015.There were 65 cases [36 males, 29 females;(47.2 ±8.2) years of age] in LP group and 85 cases [53 males, 32 females;(44.6 ± 7.3) years of age] in VP group.Therapeutic effect and complications were analyzed postoperatively.Results Period of follow-up was 3-27 months, which shoued Total effective rate of 97％ in LP group and 94％ in VP group (P ＞0.05).Postoperative complications were mainly hematoma, infection, shunt obstruction, shunt exposure, excessive shunt and inadequate shunt.At the follow-up, there were 3 subdural hematoma, 4 intracranial infection, 2 shunt obstruction, 3 excessive shunt and 1 inadequate shunt in VP group, but 1 subdural hematoma, 1 intracranial infection, 1 shunt exposure and l excessive shunt in LP group.Good results were achieved in the two groups after regulation of the shunt pressure or reoperation.In comparison, incidence of complications was 6％ in LP group versus 15％ in VP group (P ＜ 0.05).Rate of shunt removal and reoperation in LP group were both 2％, but were 7％ and 8％ respectively in VP group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Both shunt procedures are effective for posttraumatic hydrocephalus, while LP is a better choice in clinical application for the lower complication incidence, shunt removal rate and reoperation rate.

Objective To investigate the relationship among Survivin, PTEN and the occurrence, development, soakage and prog-nesis of gastric cancer. Methods The in-situ hybrization technique, immunochemistry and TUNEL method were used to detect the expres-sion of survivin mRNA, PTEN protein and apoptotic cell. Results The positive rate of survivin expression in gastric cancer was obvious higher than that in para-cancer tissue(P <0.01). Moreover, survivin expression rate in advanced clinical stage and low differentiation gastric cancer degree.was higher, compared with para-cancer tissue (P <0.01, P <0.05). The positive rate of PTEN expression in gas-tric cancer was obvious lower than that in pars-cancer tissue (P <0.01). The positive rate of PTEN expression in advanced clinical stage and low differentiation degree of tissue in gastric cancer was lower (P < 0.01). Furthermore, survivin and apoptesis indexes manifested negative relationship in gastric cancer(r =-0.861, P < 0.01), While PTEN and apoptosis indexes manifested positive relationship (r = 0.832, P < 0.01). Conclusions Survivin could be used as a novel marker to detect gastric cancer. PTEN gene lost function, which maybe promote the origin, growth, soakage and metastasis of gastric cancer.

Objective To summarize the early complications caused by the screws of AO titanium plate in the operative treatment of the displaced intraarticular calcaneus fracture (DIACFs). Methods 60 patients with calcaneal fractures were treated with ORIF (open reduction with internal fixation) using the AO plate. Results All the cases were followed up for 22 months. There appeared 1 case of screw loosening and 2 cases of improper screw location. Conclusion Although the AO titanium plate can improve the anatomic restoration of the calcaneus shape, sufficient preoperative preparation should be made to secure accurate placement of the screws so that the screw problems can be reduced.

105 copies/mL would develop liver-related complications, such as cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure. Available evidences indicate that control of HBV replication with antiviral drugs can decrease the incidence of these complications and mortality.

Objective To investigate the distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in Hangzhou area and preliminarily identify and evaluate the applied characteristics of oligonuleotides(oligo)microarray for genotyping hepatitis B virus(HBV).Methods HBV PCR products were hybridized with oligonucleotide probes,which were prestablized on the chip.The hybridized results were colorized.According to the hybridization signal and the corresponding probe sequence,HBV genotype was determined.Results Of the 106 HBV DNA positive patients 37(34.91%)were genotype B,and 69(65.09%)were genotype C,No genotype A,E and F were found in the studied subjects.Conclusions HBV genotype B and C exsited in Hangzhou No HBV genotype A,D,E and F were found in the studied subjects.We should take further investigation for HBV genotypes by enlarging study population.The advantages of this assay are sensitive accurate,fast and economical when using it for HBV genotype test comparing with other relative methods.

Objective To investigate the distribution and virologic characteristics of HBV genotypes,and possible association with the severity of liver disease.Methods HBV genotype was determined,using oligonuleotides(oligo) microarray method.Results 37patients were differentiated as genotype B,69 genotype C.The clinical manifestations demonstrated that the serum lever of HBVDNA and HBeAg positive rate in patients of genotype C was 7.02?1.26 and 60.87% higher than 5.62?1.02and 32.43% in those of genotype B,the serum HBeAb positive rate in patients of genotype B was 67.57% higher than 39.13% in those of genotype C.The occurrence rates of those developed to chronic hepatitis B liver cirrhosis and hepatoma in those of genotype C were 46.38%,30.44% and 11.59% highter than that of 40.54%,13.51%and 8.11% in those of genotype B.Patients with genotype B were much younger than those with genotype C.Conclusions Genotype B and C exsited in Hangzhou,genotype C is a predominated genotype.The serum leverl of HBVDNA in those of genotype C is highter than that of genotype B.The positive rate of HBeAg in those of genotype B is highter than that of genotype C.The damage to liver induced by genotype C is severe than that of genotype B.