IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a newly recognized disease entity. IgG4-RD is characterized by a single or multiple masses in one or more organs; a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with a high percentage of plasma cells within the lesion staining for IgG4; a peculiar pattern of fibrosis known as "storiform" fibrosis; and elevated serum IgG4 concentrations. IgG4-RD can occur in various organs, including pancreas, kidneys, lungs, retroperitoneum, and prostate gland. The head and neck involvements of IgG4-RD have been chiefly described in Mikulicz disease (MD), Küttner's tumor, orbital? inflammatory pseudotumor, and idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis (IHP) previously. Recent studies reported that IgG4-RD could also involve ear, nose and throat. Here we reviewed the literatures about ear, nose and throat involvement by IgG4-RD, in order to provide some theoretical bases for the diagnosis and treatment of IgG4-RD.
Autoimmune Diseases ; physiopathology ; Ear ; physiopathology ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Nose ; physiopathology ; Pharynx ; physiopathology ; Plasma Cells ; pathology

Objective To study the influence of edaravone on malondialdehyda(MDA)and expression of Hsp-70 and Bcl-2 in the perihematoma region in rats.Methods A total of 120 health male rats were randomly divided into false-operation group(n=20)、intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)-therapy group(n=50)and ICH control group.Each group was further divided into 5 subgroups respectively according to 6 h、24 h、48 h、72 h and 5d after model creation.Cerebral hemorrhage model was duplicated with the method created by Fredrik.Brain water content and MDA were measured.Expression of Hsp-70 and Bcl-2 were assayed in each group with immunohistochemical method.Results Brain water content and MDA were lower in ICH-therapy group than those in control group(P

ObjectiveTo introduce the progressing history of DO technique,and report the characteristics of the home-made type MS-1 internal mandibular distracter, and the effects of application of it in animal experiment. Methods15 Mongrel dogs were subjected to be lengthened of the unilateral or bilateral mandibles using the home-made type MS-1 mandibular distracter, and the regular X-ray ex aminations were made. ResultsAbout (20±5)mm in length of the andible had been achieved by the DO (distraction of osteogenesis)technique using the device. The accuracy of the distracter on lengthening would be attained to 98 % of the expectancy. The mineralization of the new bone fulfilled the gap zone about 5 weeks after the distraction had been finished during the consolidation period. ConclusionThe MS-1 type internal mandibular lengthening device has its special advantages on ap plication of cranio-maxillofacial surgery with a great expectancy.

Objective:To study the influences of angled abutments connected with small diameter implants in anterior maxilla restora-tion.Methods:Simulation models of angled abutment with small diameter restoration in anterior maxilla were established,the biome-chanical properties of the models were studied by finite element method(FEM)analysis.Results:Following the increase of the abut-ment angle,the stress and strain of all parts increased linearly and more concentrated,while appropriate prosthetic crown could share some load.Cortical bone elastic deformation exceeded the threshold when the abutment angle was bigger than 8 °.Conclusion:With abutment angle increase,stresses and strains will increase and will be more concentrated,which is unfavorable for load conduction.Ap-propriate crown can reduce the adverse effects of angled abutment.Angled abutment should not be used for d 3.5 implant.

The authors observed the development of the organ of Corti in the temporal bones of 64 human fetuses of various fetal ages by means of comparing celloid sections with surface preparations. The organ of Corti just begins to appear in the second month. Most rapid development occurs in the period from the third to the fifth month. Afterwards, the principal structure of the organ of Corti tends to be stable with no further major changes, except for the differentiation and maturation of the intracellular components. In the fifth month, the major part of the higher columnar epithelial cells on the inner Side of the tunnel begins to degenerate and disintegrate before the formation of the inner spiral sulcus. But a few epithelial cells turn into large wandering cells. The authors discussed the characteristics, function and possible transformation of the wandering cells and compared them with essentially similar cells that appear in the developing central nervous system.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical manifestation, diagnosis, treatment of parathyroid occupying lesions. METHOD: The clinical data of 26 patients with parathyroid occupying lesions between January 2003 and October 2012 at Dalian Central Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. RESULT: There were 2 cases of parathyroid cancer, 11 cases of parathyroid adenoma, 13 cases of parathyroid cysts in this study. All the cases,except 13 cases of cysts, are accompanied by symptoms of hyperparathyroidism. The symptoms were as follows:26 cases of neck lump, 11 cases of osteoporosis/osteitis fibrosa cystica,9 cases of urinary symptom, 8 cases of digestive symptom. Serum calciumion level and serum parathyroid hormone(PTH) level were examined qualitatively before operation. Ultrasonography, CT, MRI were used in diagnosing and locating parathyroid occupying lesion before operation. 2 cases of parathyroid cancer, 11 cases of parathyroid adenoma and 13 cases of parathyroid cysts with preoperative and postoperative diagnosis coincidence rate was 0 (0/2), 91% (10/11), 69% (9/13). All patients were treated with operation. 2 cases of parathyroid cancer survived with out recurrence during follow up for 17 months and 27 months after operation. 11 cases of parathyroid adenoma and 13 cases of parathyroid cysts were treated with operation,achieved complete remission and the outcome was no recurrence. CONCLUSION There lack of specific clinical symptoms of parathyroid occupying lesions,neck lump are common manifestations. Examination of serum calcium and PTH level together with ultrasonography, CT, MRI, 99mTc-MIBI is helpful to diagnose parathyroid occupying lesions. Parathyroid cancer preoperative diagnosis is difficult . Parathyroid occupying lesions determine the diagnosis depends on pathology. Surgery should be done as primary treatment.
Adenoma ; blood ; complications ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Cysts ; blood ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Parathyroid Hormone ; blood ; Parathyroid Neoplasms ; blood ; complications ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

Objective Lungs from non-heart-beating donors for transplantation require protection against warm ischemic damage.This study investigated the preservative effect of Ventilation with cooled carbon monoxide during warm ischemia in non-heart-beating donor rat lungs.Method 18 rats were divided into a CO group (n =6),which received ventilation with low-dose carbon monoxide at normal temperature during a 4-hour warm ischemic period; a Control group (n =6),which received no ventilation at normal temperature; a cooling CO group (n =6),which received ventilation with cooled carbon monoxide.PaO2,Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity,Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) neutrophil count and the wet-to-dry (W/D) lung weight ratio were recorded in every group.Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was used to analysis the expression of IL-1β and caspase 3 mRNA in graft lung tissures.Result Endobronchial temperatures and lung surface temperatures in the Cooling CO group were lower than those in the corresponding Control group and CO group (P＜ 0.01).Lower wet/dry lung weight ratio,MPO activity,BAL neutrophil count,expression of IL-1β and caspase 3 mRNA in graft lung tissures were seen in the Cooling group compared with the Control group and CO group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Ventilation with cooled carbon monoxise can decrease lung temperature and improve the protecting effect on non-heart-beating donor rat lungs againt worm ischemic injury by inhibiting the expression of proimflammatory factor IL-1β and apoptosis-associated gene caspase 3.

Objective To explore the effects of angled abutments on the anterior maxilla implant restoration. Methods We analyzed the biomechanical properties of implants of different sizes (Φ3.5 mm,4.0 mm and 4.5 mm in diameter;L11.5 mm and L13 mm in length)after connecting different angled abutments (0°,10°,20°,and 30°) using finite element method.Results The stresses and strains of loading parts of restorations increased and their distribution became more concentrated as the angle of abutment increased.Cortical bone of Φ3 .5 implants with smaller angle (10°or less)andΦ4.0 implants with abutments had the risk of overpassing the bone elastic threshold when the angle approached 30°.However,the cortical bone elastic deformation was within a safe range at all angles inΦ4.5 group.Conclusion We should consider the diameter of the implant when selecting angled abutments.The angled abutments are not suitable for small diameter implants.The bite force should be under control when needed. The larger angled abutments can be applied in the standard and major diameter implants and it is necessary to avoid occlusal overloading.

Objective: To compare JGW with autogenous bone when used as grafting material in maxillary sinus floor augmentation.Methods: A study was conducted by performing a bilateral maxillary sinus floor augmentation with autogenous bone and JGW(Jin Gu Wei,Golden Bone,bone substitute,Shanghai Xiaobo Tec.) on rabbits.The process of bone formation was evaluated during different periods by imageology and histomorphology methods.Results: At 2nd week the gray scale of JGW was very lower than that of autogenous bone,but no significant difference was found at 12th week.The number of osteoblasts decreased with the time,no significant difference was found at 12th week.The degradation of JGW was relatively faster.Conclusion: JGW is feasible in maxillary sinus floor augmentation.

Objective The method of bone lengthening by distraction of callus was used on dog mandible as a model to study the capability and changes of membranous bone during distraction osteogenesis. Methods 15 dogs aged 5～7 months were chosen as the subjects. The operation included a unilateral or bilateral periosteal preserving corti cotomy of mandibular bone, and an introral mini lengthening device were fixed to the buccal side of the mandible. After 7d, the mandible was lengthened lmm/d for 20d and then held in internal fixation for 7～ 140d (1 ～ 20 weeks). Results The dogs were killed at 3 times. Anthropometric measurements, X-ray examination and histological observa tion were conducted and conformed that the distracted bone had formed in the expanded zone successfully. Conclu sion The results suggested that we could use the DO technique in the area of craniofacial clinic. The strong ability of generating new bone in membranous skeleton by DO technique should be further demonstrated in the future.