Objective To discuss the changes of quality of life and influence factors in patients with multidrugresistant pulmonary tuber-culosis. Methods Using the SF-36 scale of 80 normal subjects and 80 cases of MDRTB patients before and after treatment and quality of life score total score evaluated dimensions. Results Between the patients with MDR-TB and the control in the total Qol scores and eight dimensionality, there were significant differences(P＜0.01), total Qol scores and eight dimensionality in 3 months or 1 year after treatment were higher than before therapy,there were significant differences(P＜0.01 ). Between 1 year after therapy in the total Qol scores and PF, PR, GH, VT, SF, ER, MH, dimensionality were lower than control groups, there were significant differences(P＜0.05 ). The main factors affecting the Qol of patients with MDR-TB were cultural level, kinds of drug resistant and reduction of counts of white blood cell. Conclusion The correlation between quality of life and education, the number of drug resistance, reduction of white blood cell in patients with multi-drugresistant pulmonary tuberculosis.

To investigate feasibility and effect of schizophrenia treatment by stereotactic lesioning, CRW stereotactic apparatus and PICKER spiral CT were used to define nucleus location and RADONICS radiofrequency instruments were used to lesion different subnucleuses of amygdala and the front part of callosal gyrus. All schizophrenic patients were diagnosed by ICD Ⅲ standards, In cases with one year followup ,the effect were analysed with Global Improvement (GI) scoring. In this group , 21 cases were significantly improved , 8 cases improved, 3 cases slightly improved, 1 case unchanged, and 0 case deteriorated. These results suggest selective lesioning subnucleus of amygdala according to different symptoms of schizophrenia could improve the curative effect of surgical treatment for schizophrenia.

Background Researches showed that thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an interleukin-17-like inflammatory factor and plays important roles in the pathogenesis and development of allergic diseases.However,the study whether TSLP plays roles in allergic conjunctivitis is rare.Objective This study was to investigate the expression change of TSLP and IL-4 in ocular surface tissue and cervical lymph node in the mice with allergic conjunctivitis induced by artemisia annua,a common plant in China,and to explore the role of TSLP and IL-4 in the pathogenesis and development of allergic conjunctivitis.Methods Twenty female BALB/c mice aged 6-8 weeks were randomized into normal control group and model group.Antigen solution was prepared using 400 μl extracting solution of artemisia annua pollen with 400 μl antigen solvent.The mouse models of allergic conjunctivitis were established by injection of 50 μl antigen solution in footpad followed by ocular topical administration of extracting solution once a day from day 10 to 12 after injection,and no any intervention was given in the normal control group.The mice were sacrificed and eyeballs were obtained 13 days after modeling,and corneal epithelium,conjunctiva and cervical lymph nodes were harvested for the detection of TSLP mRNA and IL-4 mRNA by real-time PCR.Immunochemistry was employed to assay the expression of TSLP and IL-4 proteins in corneal,conjunctival and subconjunctival tissues.Results Ocular inflammatory signs appeared 0.5 hours after ocular topical administration of extracting solution,including eyelid edema,conjunctival congestion,tears,scratching eyelids,etc.The symptoms lasted for 6-24 hours,with the model successful rate 80％.Real-time PCR indicated that the expression of IL-4 was absent in corneal epithelium in both model group and normal control group.The relative expression levels of TSLP mRNA in the corneal epithelium,conjunctiva and cervical lymph nodes in the model group were more (1.63±0.20)times,(2.71±0.48) times and (1.48 ±0.05) times than the normal control group,showing significant differences between the two groups (t =4.44,14.16,5.01,all at P＜0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the relative expression levels of IL-4 mRNA in the model group increased (2.94±0.39) times and (1.74±0.09) times,with significant differences between the two groups (t =9.92,14.54,both at P＜0.05).Immunochemistry assay showed that the expression of TSLP protein in the corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells were enhanced in the model group compared with the normal control group.In addition,an intensive expression of IL-4 protein was seen in subconjunctival tissue in the model group,while the expression of IL-4 was absent in the normal control group.Conclusions TSLP is mainly expressed in the cornea,conjunctiva and cervical lymph nodes of the mice with allergic conjunctivitis,suggesting that TSLP promotes the inflammatory process of cornea and conjunctiva;IL-4 is mainly expressed in conjunctiva,showing IL-4 participates in conjunctival inflammatory process.TSLP and IL-4 play synergistic roles in promoting the inflammatory process of ocular surface in the mice with allergic conjunctivitis,which may be new therapeutic targets.

Background The pathogenesis of allergic conjunctivitis has not been clearly established.Current researchers indicate that interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5 and IL-13 may play an important role in allergic conjunctivitis.But whether the roles of these inflammatory factors are same in different types of allergic conjunctivitis remains unclear.Objective This study was to investigate the expressions of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 in ocular surface with different types of allergic conjunctivitis.Methods A prospective cohort study was designed.Eighty individuals were recruited in Shanxi Eye Hospital from April 2013 to September 2014, including 20 patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), 20 patients with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC), 20 patients with perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC) and 20 normal healthy subjects.Surficial tissues were binocularly scraped using disinfected scraper from upper eyelid conjunctiva, and 4 μl of tear fluid was obtained with capillary tube.The expressions of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 protein and mRNA in the conjunctival epithelial cells were detected by immunohistochemistry and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 concentrations in tear fluid were assayed by Luminex method.This study complied with Declaration of Helsinki and the research protocol was approved by the Shanxi Eye Hospital Ethics Committee.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to entering the cohort.Results IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 were positively expressed in cytoplasm of conjunctival epithelial cells in the VKC group,SAC group and PAC group,but the expressions of IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 were absent in the normal control group.The relative expression levels of IL-4 mRNA were 4.11±1.24,2.71±0.71 and 2.00±0.80;the relative expression levels of IL-5 mRNA were 4.02±0.43,2.07±0.45 and 1.47±0.50;and the relative expression levels of IL-13 mRNA expression levels were 6.44±0.66,4.35±1.26 and 2.39±0.86 in the VKC group,SAC group and PAC group, showing significant differences among the 4 groups (F =51.32,220.18,162.49, all at P＜0.01).The relative expression levels of IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 mRNA were significantly higher in the VKC group than those in the SAC group and PAC group;and those in the SAC group were significantly elevated in comparison with the PAC group (all at P＜0.05).No IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 were detected in the tear fluid in the normal control group;while the concentrations of IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 in the tear fluid were (14.06±3.50), (10.88±1.82) and (34.28±8.42) pg/ml in the VKC group,and (7.71 ±0.65), (5.10± 1.33), (23.77±6.29) pg/ml in the SAC group as well as (3.30± 1.50) pg/ml, (2.43± 1.28) pg/ml and (17.67 ± 4.28) pg/ml in the PAC group, showing significant differences among the 3 groups (F =200.29,260.49,128.23, all at P＜0.01).IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 concentrations in the tear fluid were significantly higher in the VKC group than those in the SAC group and PAC group,and those in the SAC group were significantly raised in comparison with the PAC group (all at P＜0.01).Conclusions IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 participate in the pathogenesis of multiple allergic conjunctivitis,but their expressions in the ocular surficial tissue are discriminatory in different types of allergic conjunctivitis.

Objective To explore the perioperative nursing of patients with refractory paroxysmal positional vertigo treated with posterior semicircular canal occlusion. Method A retrospective analysis was performed to the experience of nursing 18 patients with refractory paroxysmal positional vertigo treated with posterior semicircular canal occlusion.Results The treatments for 17 cases were effective.Two of them had postoperative vertigo and then cured after further treatments.During one year follow-up,17 of them reported no occurrence of vertigo except only one care reporting paroxysmal positional vertigo. Conclusion Preoperative mental care and postoperative observation of the disease are critical for the enhanced curative effects.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the antiviral effect of Gankeshuangqing capsule on virus infected mouse model.METHODS:The virus infected mouse model was established by administering influenza virus through nose,and then Gankes_ huangqing capsule was given intragastrically,the antiviral effect was observed by experiment of viral pneumonia and viral multiplication.RESULTS:Gankeshuangqing capsule could significantly reduce the lung indices,and lessen the pulmonary histopathological change;It also significantly inhibit virus multiplication in lungs of mouse.CONCLUSION:Gankeshuangqing capsule has a strong anti-influenza effect on virus infected mouse model.

Objective To explore the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation under health guidance from clinic nurses on endurance capacity,quality of life, and lung function of the old patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods 54 old patients with stableCOPD were provided with health advice and rehabilitation training for 3 months. Their dyspnea and fatigue were evaluated with Borgrating scales, lung function were tested, 6-minute walking performance and quality of life were rated before and after the rehabilitation. ResultsThe dyspnea and fatigue decreased, 6-minute walking distance increased, and scores of quality of life improved (P<0.01) after rehabilitation,but lung function was not improved significantly (p0.05). Conclusion Health guidance from clinic nurses is able to improve the endurancecapacity and quality of life in old patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

ObjectiveTo investigate the social support and its related factors of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods60 outpatients with COPD over the age of 60 years were recruited in the study. Social support rating scale (SSRS) and demographic information were applied for investigation.ResultsScores of objective, subjective support, and availability of support were lower than the norm (P<0.05). Social support was significantly different among elderly patients with age, education levels and matital status (P<0.05). Patients aged over 70 years, low education level, divorced or widowed were vulnerable groups with low social support.ConclusionEfforts should be made to strengthen the social support system for elderly patients with COPD, especially for those aged over 70 years, low education, divorced or widowed.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of immediate intravesical instillation combined with short-term maintained intravesical instillat.ion chemotherapy of pirarubicin (THP) after operation for preventing postoperative recurrence of superficial bladder tumor.Methods One hundred and seven patients with superficial bladder tumor were divided by random digits table method into two groups:group A (50 cases ) was treated with immediate intravesical instillation combined with short-term maintained intravesical instillation chemotherapy after operation,and group B (57 cases) was treated with conventional intravesical instillation chemotherapy.Patients in group A underwent intravesical instillation of THP within 24 hours,maintained intravesical instillation once a week for 8 weeks.Patients in group B underwent intravesical instillation of THP in one or two weeks after operation,once a week for 8 weeks.And then once a month for 10 months.All patients were followed up with regular cystoscopy examination.Results Patients were followed up for 13-84 months,the incidence of partial vesical toxic reaction in group A was 26.00 ％ (13/50),general symptom rate was 4.00％ ( 2/50 ),the rate of recurrency was 16.00％ ( 8/50 ).The incidence of partial vesical toxic reaction in group B was 22.81％( 13/57 ),general symptom rate was 1.75％( 1/57 ),the rate of recurrency was 19.30％ (11/57).There was no significant differences between two groups (P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions Immediate intravesical instillation of THP after operation is safe and effective,but it is not suitable for patients with obvious bladder perforation and large wound surface of bladder mucosa after transurethral rescection.Immediate intravesical instillation combined with short-term maintained intravesical instillation chemotherapy of THP after operation for preventing postoperative recurrence of superficial bladder tumor is effective and well tolerated.

Objective To analyze the dialysis adequacy of the maintenance hemodialysis patients under different dialyzate flow.Methods Forty-eight patients under maintenance hemodialysis were divided into four groups according to dialyzate flow:500 ml/min group,600 ml/min group,700 ml/min group and 800 ml/min group,with 12 patients in each group.Each group was treated 6 weeks.The albumin (Alb),hemoglobin(Hb),hematocrit(Hct),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),serum creatinine(SCr) and parathyroid hormone(iPTH) levels before and after treatment were examined,Kt/V and urea reduction ratio(URR) were calculated separately.Results There was no significant difference in Kt/V between 500 ml/min group and 600 ml/min group.Kt/V was no increased when the dialyzate flow rate increased from 500 ml/min to 600 ml/min,that was to say they could not improve the dialysis adequacy.There was statistically significant difference in Kt/V among 500 ml/min group,600 ml/min group,700 ml/min group and 800 ml/min group,and 800 ml/min group on the dialysis adequacy was better.Different dialyzate flow on the impact of the dialysis adequacy was compared in self-control method.Kt/V increased along with the increase of dialyzate flow,and the dialysis adequacy and dialyzate flow showed positive correlation.Conclusion The high dialyzate flow of dialysis treatment can improve Kt/V and has significant effect in enhancing the dialysis adequacy.