Objective:To explore the role of 6-CYANO-2,3-DIHYDROXY-7-NITROQUIN OXALINE (CNQX) in different types of synapse secretion.Methods:The spontaneous mEPSCs and eEPSCs at different extracellular concentrations of CNQX in cultured cortical or hippocampal neurons were recorded respectively.Results:The half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of CNQX in evoked neurotransmitter release was significantly higher than that of spontaneous release,indicating that the spontaneous neurotransmitter release was more sensitive to CNQX.No apparent difference was observed between cortical and hippocampal cells,suggesting that the blocking effect of CNQX was similar in different brain regions.Conclusion:CNQX might have differential regulating mechanisms between excitatory spontaneous and evoked neurotransmitter release,but without brain regions specificity.

Objective:To establish the quality standard for Changtai capsules. Methods:The components including coicis semen, taraxaci herba, angelicae dahuricae radix and magnoliae officinalis cortex were identified by TLC. The content of notoginsenoside R1 , ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 in notoginseng radix et ehizoma was detected by HPLC. Results:The characteristic spots in TLC were clear without any interference. The linear range of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 was 40-300 μg· ml-1 , 320-2 400μg·ml-1 and 80-600μg·ml-1 , respectively. The average recovery was 99. 76%, 99. 33% and 99. 48% with RSD of 0. 42%, 0. 48% and 0. 63% (n=9), respectively. Conclusion:The methods used for the identification and quantification are sen-sitive, simple and accurate, which can be used for the quality control of Changtai capsules.

Objective To investigate the application value of functional exercise pathway in enhanced recovery of patients undergoing hepatectomy.Methods Fifty primary hepatic carcinoma patients who had undergone liver resection in Anhui Province Hospital from December 2014 to August 2015 were randomly divided into experimental group (n =25) and control group (n =25).Postoperative length of hospital stay,hospitalization charges,complications,postoperative pain score,postoperative ambulation and intestinal ventilation time were compared between these groups.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as ((x) ± s) and comprison between groups was analyzed using the t test.Comparisons of count data were analyzed by the x2 test.Results Postoperative length of hospital stay of the experimental group [(7.00 ± 2.27) days] were shorter than control group [(9.36 ± 4.58) days] (t =3.090,P =0.003),and hospitalization expense was lower in the experimental group [(28 184.57 ± 8 675.65) yuan] (t =2.281,P =0.025).Compared with control group (40％),the experimental group (20％) had lower overall complication incidence (t =4.286,P =4.286),and general complications incidence (8％) is lower than that in control group (24％),however,the incidence of operation characteristic complications had not statistical significance in two groups.Besides,the intestinal recovery time in the experimental group was shorter than control group (experimental group 36.56 hours,control group 45.24 hours,t =2.390,P =0.019).Conclusion The application of functional exercise pathway in postoperative enhanced recovery exercise of patients undergoing hepatectomy is safe and effective,which can reduce the patients' postoperative hospital stay,hospital costs,and the general incidence of complications incidence,and be helpful for the intestinal function recovery.

Objective:To study the changes of Th17,regulatory T(Treg) cells and IL-17,IL-23 levels at acute phase and recovery phase in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP) in order to further understand the immunological pathogenesis and provide help for treating HSP. Methods:The vein blood samples were collected from 65 children with HSP and 30 normal children. The proportion of Th17 cells and regulatory T cells were tested by FCM and concentration of IL-17 and IL-23 in plasma were tested by ELISA. Results:Compared with normal children,the levels of Th17,Th17/Treg and IL-17,IL-23 were in increase at acute phase in children with HSP(P<0. 05). At recovery phase,that were in decrease compared with the acute phase(P<0. 05),but still higher than the normal children(P<0. 05). Compared with normal children,the level of Treg was in decrease at acute phase in children with HSP (P<0. 01). At recovery phase,that was in increase compared with the acute phase(P<0. 01),but still lower than the normal children (P<0. 01). Among the simplex,abdominal and other type of children with HSP,the levels of Th17,Treg,Th17/Treg and IL-17,IL-23 were same( P>0. 05 ) . At acute phase in children with HSP, Th17 cells percentage had positively correlated with IL-17 levels ( r=0. 880,P<0. 01),IL-23 levels had positively correlated with Th17 cells percentage and IL-17 levels (r=0. 838 or 0. 877,P<0. 01). Conclusion:Th17,Treg,Th17/Treg,IL-17 and IL-23 are involved in the course of the immunological pathogenesis in children with HSP,but the levels of that have no significant difference among simplex,abdominal and other types,further researches need to be done.

Objective To study the change of levels of IL-6,IL-17,IL-23,IL-8,TNF-α and IFN-γ and their clinical significance on children with different types of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) Methods The blood specimens of 180 children with HSP as disease group and 30 health children as normal group were collected respectively.Disease group included 30 children at acute stage and 30 at convalescence stage of primary abdominal type,30 at acute stage and 30 at convalescence stage of primary non-abdominal type,30 at acute stage of secondary abdominal type,and 30 at acute stage of secondary non-abdominal type.The plasma levels of IL-6,IL-8,IL-17,IL-23,TNF-α and IFN-γ in the two groups were measured by ELISA method for comparison and analysis.Results The plasma levels of IL-6,IL-8,IL-17,IL-23 and TNF-α in disease group were higher than those in the normal group (P＜0.05).Those levels in the children at acute stage and of primary group were also found to be higher than those at convalescence stage (P＜0.05) and of secondary group (P＜0.05) respectively.Comparison of IL-6,IL-8,IL-17,IL-23 and TNF-α between abdominal type and the non-abdominal type had no significant difference (P＞0.05).The plasma level of IFN-γ in disease group was lower than those in normal group (P＜0.05).The levels of IFN-γ in the children at acute stage and of primary group were lower than those at convalescence stage (P ＜0.05) and of the secondary group (P ＜0.05) Comparison of IFN-γ between abdominal type and non-abdominal type had no significant difference (P＞0.05) Conclusions The plasma levels of IL-6,IL-8,IL-17,IL-23,TNF-o,IFN-γ show obvious changes in children with HSP,which suggests that the changes of cytokines are associated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura.

The sigma-1 receptor is a molecular chaperone protein highly enriched in the brain. Recent studies linked it to many diseases, such as drug addition, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, depression, and even cancer. Sigma-1 receptor is enriched in lipid rafts, which are membrane microdomains essential in signaling processes. One of those signaling processes is ADAM17- and ADAM10-dependent ectodomain shedding. By using an alkaline phosphatase tagged substrate reporter system, we have shown that ADAM10-dependent BTC shedding was very sensitive to both membrane lipid component change and sigma-1 receptor agonist DHEAS treatment while ADAM17-dependent HB-EGF shedding was not; and overexpression of sigma-1 receptor diminished ADAM17- and ADAM10-dependent shedding. Our results indicate that sigma-1 receptor plays an important role in modifying the function of transmembrane proteases.
ADAM Proteins ; metabolism ; ADAM10 Protein ; ADAM17 Protein ; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Betacellulin ; COS Cells ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Gene Expression ; HEK293 Cells ; Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Membrane Microdomains ; metabolism ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Receptors, sigma ; agonists ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate the level of sleep quality among females treated firstly by IVF-ET and to find the moderate role of mindfulness in the relationship between stigma and sleep quality.Methods:From April 2018 to September 2018, we invited 380 IVF-ET females in the fertility hospital of Shandong Province to participate in the study and to finish a questionnaire survey including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS), the simple measuring scale of stigma, and the general information questionnaire.Results:The average score of PSQI was (4.82±2.29), and the prevalence of sleep distress(PSQI>5) was 31.3%(118/380). Spearman correlation analysis showed that PSQI score was positively correlated with stigma( r=0.156, P=0.002), the infertility time( r=0.110, P=0.032), and the treatment time( r=0.142, P=0.005 ), was negatively correlated with mindfulness level( r=-0.325, P<0.001). The hierarchical regression showed that mindfulness level could moderate the correlation between stigma and sleep quality( P<0.001, Δ R2=2.8%). Furthermore, the Johnson-Neyman technique revealed that, within a specific region that was mindfulness above 72, the moderating role was significant. Conclusion:The sleep distress was common among females treated firstly by IVF-ET. Mindfulness level could moderate the correlation between stigma and sleep quality. It is suggested that the reproductive center should strengthen publicity and education to reduce the stigma level of patients, and carry out mindfulness related intervention to further improve their sleep quality.

Objective:To understand the views of various relevant personnel on the standardized training mode of resident doctors after the implementation of Beijing′s medical education synergy policy, so as to provide references for further improvement of China′s medical education synergy policy.Methods:From January to May 2019, a semi-structured interview method was used to investigate the resident training students, clinical teachers(professional postgraduate tutors and resident training trainees′ guiding doctors)as well as resident training managers in 35 resident training bases in Beijing. The original data of the interviews were sorted out, coded and analyzed by taking root theory and main frame method descriptive analysis.Results:A total of 687 valid interview results were received, of which 71.86% of the resident training managers thought that the mode was more reasonable and the advantages outweighed the disadvantages; 38.07% of the resident training students and 45.45% of the graduate supervisors mentioned that the mode effectively shortened the training time of clinical talents; however, 31.98% of the resident training students and 22.92% of the resident training students′ guiding physicians mentioned it was difficult to balance courses, scientific research and clinical work under this mode, 61.62% of graduate supervisors pointed out that the students were lack of time and energy to engage in scientific research.Conclusions:The training mode of the integration of the standardized training of resident doctors and the postgraduate training of master′s degree in clinical medicine, given its necessity and institutional advantages, is found with room of improvement in its mode setting, arrangement of scientific research courses and clinical rotation, supervision and assessment of the process.

Objective To compare comfort of topical versus sub-Tenon's anesthesia in small -incision extracapsular cataract excision surgery.Methods A total of 200 patients were divided into sub-Tenon's group (received infiltration with 2％ lignocaine,n =100) and topical anaesthesia group (received topical anaesthesia with 0.5％ proparacaine drops,n =100).Patients were given Visual Analog Scale to record the pain in different stage (intraoperative,postoperative and 30 min after operation).And operative complications were recorded.Results Sub-Tenon's anesthesia group had lower pain scores intraoperative,postoperative and 30 min after operation,and control ability in eye movement,pressure on the eyelids and overall satisfaction scores showed significant differences in two groups.Conclusion Sub-Tenon's anaesthesia had better anesthesia efficacy for patients with small-incision extracapsular cataract excision surgery under topical anesthesia.

Objective To compare comfort of topical versus sub-Tenon's anesthesia in small -incision extracapsular cataract excision surgery.Methods A total of 200 patients were divided into sub-Tenon's group (received infiltration with 2％ lignocaine,n =100) and topical anaesthesia group (received topical anaesthesia with 0.5％ proparacaine drops,n =100).Patients were given Visual Analog Scale to record the pain in different stage (intraoperative,postoperative and 30 min after operation).And operative complications were recorded.Results Sub-Tenon's anesthesia group had lower pain scores intraoperative,postoperative and 30 min after operation,and control ability in eye movement,pressure on the eyelids and overall satisfaction scores showed significant differences in two groups.Conclusion Sub-Tenon's anaesthesia had better anesthesia efficacy for patients with small-incision extracapsular cataract excision surgery under topical anesthesia.