Objective To investigate the early diagnosis and management of eclampsia complicated with encephalopathy and to reduce the maternal mortality rate. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 8 cases with encephalopathy caused by eclampsia between Jan. 1988～Dec. 2002. Results There were 8 cases (22.2%) complicated with encephalopathy in 36 eclampsia patients. Four cases presented with cerebral hemorrhage,2 with cerebral infarct,1 with cerebral edema and 1 with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Two women died(25%). Conclusions The prognosis of eclampsia patient complicated with encephalopathy can be greatly improved by early diagnosis and proper treatment based on the clinical manifestations and computed tomographic scan.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare theophylline pulsed suppository(TPS)and evaluate its in vitro release characteristics.METHODS:The formulation of TPS was optimized using single factor method taking the amount of base materials including poloxamer,CMC-Na,PEG 6000 and PEG 400 as factors with lag time of drug release and the accumulative drug release rate served as indexes.The accumulative drug release rates of the TPS prepared with different fillers(crude drug of theopylline,theopylline-PVP physical mixture,and the theopylline-PVP solid dispersion)were investigated.RESULTS:The optimal formulation was as follows:70% poloxamer,6% CMC-Na,12% PEG 6000,12% PEG 400;its lag time of in vitro drug release was about 4 hours and its accumulative drug release rate at 90 min reached more than 85%.The accumulative drug release rates of the suppository prepared with 3 different fillers were 58.8%,65.8% and 91%,respectively.CONCLUSION:The prepared TPS showed satisfactory pulsed release efficacy.

Objective: To observe the effect of ATENS on distance and near vision and stereopsis in amblyopic children patients.Methods: 80 eyes from 70 patients with amblyopia were randomly divided into two groups: the group of ATENS and the group of western medicine.The difference of distance,near vision and stereopsis before and after treatment and between two groups after treatment were observed.Results: Distance and near vision improved and stereopsis diminished significantly after treatment in the TENS group and the western medicine group(P0.05).The curative effect and improving stereopsis in the western medicine group were better than that in the TENS group(P

Background Prevalence of dry eye is significantly inceasing in postmenopausal women than that in men,suggesting that sex hormone plays a role in the pathogenesis of dry eye.In addition,dry eye might become worse following estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women.However,whether application of androgen can ameliorate dry eye is being concerned.Objective This study was to investigate the effect of androgen on tear film of ovariectomized female rats.Methods Forty-eight 3-month-old sexually mature female Wistar rats were randomized into the normal control group,sham group,ovariectomy (OVX) model group and testosterone-injected group.OVX models were established by bilateral ovaries enucleation in the rats of the model group and testosterone-injected group,and then androgen (3.75 mg/kg) was intramuscularly injected since 5 months after OVX at 3-day interval for 6 weeks.Only intraperitoneal fat was cut off in the sham group.In 6 weeks after injection of androgen,serum androgen concentration detected and Schirmer Ⅰ test (S Ⅰ t),tear film break-up time (BUT) were performed.The rats were sacrificed to prepare the corneal and conjunctival samples.The expression of MUC5AC in conjunctival tissue was examined by immunofluorescence staining,and the microstructure of corneal cellular surface was observed under the scanning electron microscope before and 6 weeks after application of androgen.Animals in this study were treated in accordance with Animal Experimentation Ethic Committee Guidelines of Southern Medical University and the study protocol was approved by Ethic Committee of this University.Results The mean serum testosterone concentration was (1.83 ±0.12) ng/ml,and S Ⅰ t or BUT was (3.63-±0.26)mm/5 minutes or (3.73-0.38) seconds,respectively,in the OVX model group,which was significantly declined in comparison with (2.56 ±0.14) ng/ml,(7.47±0.66) mm/5 minutes or (9.57 ±0.76) seconds in the normal control group (all at P =0.000).However,the serum testosterone concentration was (3.38±0.24) ng/ml,S Ⅰ t was (6.37 ±0.45) mm/5 minutes and BUT was (7.54±0.55) seconds in the testosterone-injected group,which was significantly higher than that in the OVX model group (all at P =0.000).The positive staining of MUC5AC in rat conjunctival tissue weakened in the OVX model group compared with the normal control group,and the fluorescence intensity in the testosterone-injected group was stronger than that in the OVX model group.Regularly arranged microvilli and cell metabolism hiatus on the surface of corneal cells were seen in the normal control group and the sham group;while the microvilli were shorter and irregularly arranged,and the cell metabolism hiatus were disappeared in the OVX model group.However,microvilli and cell metabolism hiatus were close to normal ones in the testosterone-injected group.Conclusions Deterioration of tear secretion and instability of tear film are are probably associated with the lower serum androgen levels in castrated female rats.Systemic supplement of androgen can promote tear secretion,improve tear film stability and alleviate ocular surface damage.

Objective To study the normal macular thickness in children provide reference for the diagnosis of macular thickness abnormity in teenagers.Methods Databases including Wanfang,Pubmed and some others were searched for studies on macular thickness in Asian children.Data of macular thickness were extracted and were merged into only one by formulae.Results 12 studies were enrolled.The mean foveal minimum and central macular thickness were 143.89±17.32μm(n=2062 eyes) and 181.60±17.93μm(n=1974 eyes),respectively.The eight areas of inner circle (1～3mm diameter) and the outer circle (3～6mm diameter) macular thickness were also calculated.The central macular area seemed thicker in pre-school children than school children.Conclusion Chidren's macular thickness have different characteristic from adults',so it is important to take age,refraction,axial length,race and sex into account before making an abnormal macular thickness diagnosis.Meanwhile,a large sample of population-based cross-sectional study in children is necessary for a more effective standard.

To explore an easily executive and conveniently generalized method with effectiveness and low costing for myopia screening at the early stage.Research was performed to testify the reasonability of using axial length/corneal radius (AL/CR) for myopia screening in children by comparing the cost between AL/CR plus vision acuity (VA) and simple VA examination.Chinese school-aged children in Yangfang school district,Beijing (n=1427,aged 6～12 years old) were randomly grouped for either pure VA examination or for VA plus AL/CR examination.Those suspicious myopic children were informed for further refractive examination.Finally,the cost from screening to definite diagnosis of refractive error was calculated.Generally,compared with VA examination,the total cost was reduced by 15.12％ and by 12.34％,respectively,in the elder group using VA plus AL/CR examination.VA plus AL/CR examination is an economical and reasonable method for screening suspicious myopia in Chinese school-aged children compared with pure VA examination.

Objective To evaluate the quality of immunological diagnosis kits of schistosomiasis. Methods The national reference IgG serum of schistosomiasis was applied for evaluating eight immunological diagnosis kits of schistosomiasis. Results All eight diagnosis kits had no National Production Certificate issued by State Food and Drug Administration. Six kits had good quality with high precision. After the physical examination, two kits did not meet the quality standards. Conclusions The good and bad quality of immunological diagnosis kits of schistosomiasis used in market is intermingled. The quality of these kits should be monitored.

Objective To optimize the extraction process of Albizia julibrissin in Baijin Capsule. Methods Using the extraction rate of quercitrin and total flavonoids as indexes, the orthogonal design was used to investigate effects of solvent volume, extraction time and extraction frequency on extraction results. Results The optimal extracting condition was as follows:extracted 2 times with 12 fold 70%alcohol, 2 h for each time. Conclusion The optimized process condition was simple, stable and feasible. It provides the basis for the production of Baijin Capsule.

Objective To investigate serum DJ-1 expression and its significance in ovarian cancer. Methods The expression levels of DJ-1 protein were detected by double antibody sandwich method in 52 cases of ovarian tumors (9 cases of benign ovarian tumors, 5 cases of borderline ovarian tumors and 38 cases of ovarian cancer,ovarian tumor group and 20 non-ovarian tumors (control group). Results The expression of DJ-1 protein was lower in the control group than that in ovarian tumor group (P<0.05). The expression of serum DJ-1 protein was higher in ovarian cancer than that in borderline ovarian tumors and in benign ovarian tumors. The expression of serum DJ-1 protein was higher in borderline ovarian tumors than that in benign ovarian tumors (P<0.05).The expression of serum DJ-1 protein was higher in poorly differentiated and moderately differentiated ovarian cancer than that in high-grade differentiated ovarian cancer (P<0.05). No significant dif-ference was found in the expression serum of DJ-1 protein between different pathological and different histological types of ovarian cancer (P>0.05). Conclusion DJ-1 might be used as a serum marker in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. It might be involved in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer,and could predit the development and prognosis of ovarian cancer.

Objective To investigate the spectrum,diagnosis,time of therapy and management of the congeni-tal heart disease(CHD)in patients with Down′s syndrome(DS).Methods A retrospective report was undertaken of 96 cases in children with DS accompanied by CHD in Department of Pediatric Cardiology,Beijing Anzhen Hospital Af-filiated to Capital Medical University.Data were collected and analyzed about their clinical characteristics,and types of cardiovascular abnormalities,and the important laboratory examinations such as echocardiography and catheterization as well as the procedures of diagnosis and treatments were summarized.Then the interventions,complications and prognosis of different patients were estimated.Results (1)Single congenital heart disease was found in 33 cases (34.38%),a-mong which ventricular septal defect was the most common (14 cases,14.58%),followed by atrioventricular septal de-fect and atrial septal defect (equally,7 cases,7.29%).Multi -cardiovascular abnormalities were discovered in 63 ca-ses,and patent ductus arteriosus turned out to be the most common (42 cases,66.67%).(2)Cat-heterization was car-ried out in 18 cases of serious pulmonary arterial hypertension,and 8 cases were proved resistant pulmonary arterial hy-pertension without operation opportunity.The other 8 cases were estimated as high pulmonary arterial hypertension and medical therapy was suggested before reassessment to reduce surgical risks.(3)Operations were undertaken in 61 ca-ses,among which percutaneous interventional occlusion was performed in 7 cases and surgical interventions were per-formed in 54 patients,in which perioperation complications and death were found in 5 cases and 4 cases,respectively. Conclusions Operation interventions are practicable and most cases recovered well with systematic examinations and assessment in patients with DS and cardiovascular malformations.Early diagnosis and timely interventions are highly suggested.Also close attentions should be paid to follow -up and re -estimation after medical therapy.