Objective To analyze the early clinical efficacy of alendronate sodium on residual pain after vertebral angioplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.Methods By drug single treatment method,a total of 30 elderly patients with residual pain after vertebral angioplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were included.Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups:the treatment group and the control group.All patients were given calcium carbonate D3 treatment,and the treatment group was given alendronate sodium treatment additionally.6 weeks after the treatment,visual analogy score (VAS) was used for the evaluation of pain relief.Results All patients were followed up for 6 weeks.At the end of follow-up,the rates of pain relief were 86.8％ in treatment group and 13.2％ in control group.There was a significant difference in visual analogy scores between the treatment group and the control group[(0.51±0.32),(1.59±1.21) ; t=3.4,P＜0.001],which showed the degree of pain relief was higher in the treatment group than in control group.Conclusions Alendronate sodium is effective and reliable for the treatment of residual pain after vertebral angioplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.This study provides the scientific reference for the treatment and research of residual pain after vertebral angioplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.

Objective To explore the early diagnostic value of Golgi membrane protein 73 (GP73),alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and alpha-fetoprotein-L3 (AFP-L3) in patients with high risk of primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC).Methods Sixty-four cases of PHC were selected as the PHC group,60 cases of liver cirrhosis(LC) as the LC group,53 cases of hepatitis as the hepatitis group and 51 healthy checked-up people as the control group.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum level of GP73 in all the cases.AFP-L3 was isolated by using affinity micro centrifugal column,AFP and AFP-L3 were detected with chemiluminescent immunoassay and then the proportion of AFP-L3 was calculated.Results The positive rate of serum GP73,AFP and AFP-L3 in PHC group was significantly higher than that in LC group and hepatitis group [78.1％ (50/64)vs.25.0％ (15/60),17.0％ (9/53);48.4％ (31/64) vs.31.7％ (19/60),22.6％(12/53) ;53.1％(34/64) vs.30.0％(18/60),20.8％(11/53)] (P ＜ 0.05),In control group,GP73,AFP,AFP-L3 was no positive.The levels of GP73,AFP and AFP-L3 in PHC group were significantly higher than those in LC group,hepatitis group and control group [(245.69 ± 89.18)μ g/L vs.(116.37 ±38.52),(97.29 ± 24.58),(23.48 ±9.12) μ g/L; (403.27 ± 128.46) μg/L vs.(75.62 ± 19.35),(66.49 ± 15.14),(3.46 ± 1.02) μg/L; (15.64 ±3.19)％ vs.(5.24 ± 1.15),(4.21 ± 0.96),(2.95 ±0.73)％] (P ＜0.05).The levels of GP73,AFP in LC group and hepatitis group were significantly higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of GP73,AFP and AFP-L3 had no statistically significant difference between LC group and hepatitis group (P ＞ 0.05).Sensitivity and accuracy of three combined detection for PHC was 96.9％(62/64),91.7％(209/228),significantly higher than that of AFP,AFP-L3 single detection (P ＜ 0.05).GP73 single detection and any two combined detection was no significant difference in sensitivity and accuracy,compared with three combined detection (P ＞ 0.05).The levels of GP73 in PHC patients with different age,gender,serum level of AFP,TNM stage and tumor diameter had no statistically significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The levels of GP73 in PHC patients with positive HBsAg,extrahepatic metastases and LC had significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The diagnosis value of GP73 is evidently higher than AFP and AFP-L3 for PHC,and combined determination is superior to single marker.Combined determination enhances the degree of precision in populations with high risk of PHC diagnosis.

BACKGROUND:Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) can stimulate the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) into cellcycle, and cause their immune activation, which is a common immune proliferation model. However, the role of non-PBMC ingredient of peripheral blood is unclear, as wel as the expression of endothelial cells related cytokines. OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of whole blood culture and PBMCs alone culture with PHA on the PBMC proliferation and apoptosis, expression of inflammatory cytokine and endothelial cellsecreted cytokine markers. METHODS:Morphological changes of PBMCs separated from normal karyotype human peripheral blood individual y cultured with or without PHA were observed. The PBMCs were col ected by whole blood culture or PBMC separated culture. mRNA was extracted for the fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR, which was applied to detect the cellproliferation, apoptosis, and expression of inflammatory cytokine and endothelial cellsecreted cytokines. The statistic analysis was used for the significance explication. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:PBMCs alone cultured ere different from those undergoing whole blood culture. The PHA could up-regulate the gene expression of Ki67, proliferating cellnuclear antigen, Caspase 3, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-βand interleukin-6, but down-regulate Protein C. This indicted that PHA could promote the proliferation and apoptosis of PBMCs and up-regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines, but down-regulate the expression of endothelial cells secreted coagulation cytokines.

Immunology teaching course includes both basic immunology and clinical im-munology.This paper points out the problems of teaching and knowledge integration between the basic immunology and clinical immunology and suggests that teaching team should include the basic immunology and clinical immunology related content clinical experts to promote teaching quality.

[Abstract] Objective To study the effects of resveratrol on chemokines CCR5,CXCL10 of serum and synovial fluid in acute gouty arthritis of rats.Methods According to random number table,36 Wista rats were divided into six groups:i.e.control group,model group,colchicine group,high dose resveratrol group (HR),medium dose resveratrol group (MR),and low dose resveratrol group (LR).The rats were respectively administrated with normal saline,colchicine suspension,high dose resveratrol,medium dose resveratrol,low dose resveratrol for 7 days,once a day.Rats acute gouty arthritis modles were estalished on the fourth day by monosodium urate solution (concentration of 25 mg/ml,0.05 ml) injected into the ankle cavity,while 0.05 ml normal saline was injected into joint cavity of rats in control group.2,9,24,48,72 hours after model estabilishment,blood samples were collected from inner canthus to detect levels of interleukin (IL)-1β,CCR5,CXCL10.72 hours after model estabilishment,synovial fluid were collected from ankel to detect levels of IL-1β,CCR5,CXCL10.The joint swelling index was observed periodically.Results The levels of IL-1 β in the low,medium,and high doses of resveratrol were (9.63 ± 0.71),(7.67 ± 0.48),and (6.66 ± 0.29) pg/ml respectively,being significantly lower than that in the model group (11.85 ± 0.45) pg/ml (P＜0.05) in joint fluid.The levels of CCR5 in the medium and high doses of resveratrol groups were(4.49 ± 0.25) and (4.65 ± 0.25) ng/ml respectively,being significantly lower than that in the model group (5.64 ± 0.28) ng/ml (P＜0.05).The levels of CXCL10 in the medium and high doses of resveratrol groups were significantly lower than that in the model group [(86.79 ± 2.90) and (89.61 ± 5.47) vs (110.13 ± 4.02) pg/ml,P＜ 0.05].The histopathologic results showed that resveratrol might reduce acute gouty arthritis joint edema,improve inflammatory cells infiltrating.Conclusions The levels of IL-1β,CCR5,and CXCL10 were raised in acute gouty arthritis.Resveratrol effectively controls acute gouty arthritis attack,and the curative effect is dose dependent.

Objective To investigate artemin and its receptors GFRα3 expression in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and its significance. Methods Expression and distribution of artemin and GFRα3 in 100 cases of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) and 40 cases of normal pancreatic tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR, quantitative RT PCR. Relations of artemin and GFRα3 with clinicopathological characteristics, especially nerve invasion were analyzed. Results Nerve invasion was detected in 64 out of 100 cases of PDAC, and the rate of nerve invasion was 64%. The ratio of expression of Artemin, GFRα3 protein in PDAC/normal pancreatic tissue was 2.697 ± 0.231 and 2.599 ± 0.588; the ratio of expression of Artemin, GFRα3 mRNA was 7.01 and 4.63. Artemin and GFRα3 expression were associated with tumor location, differentiation degree, TNM staging, nerve invasion node metastasis, but it was not associated with age, sex and tumor size. Artemin and GFRα3 expression was more positively expressed in cancer cells close to nerve tissue than cells far from nerve tissue. Conclusions Artemin and GFRα3 were involved in the development of pancreatic cancer and their high expression was closely related to perineural invasion.

pancreatic carcinoma by some signal transduction.

Objective To investigate nerve growth factor (β-NGF) and its receptors expression in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Methods Expression and distribution of β-NGF, tyrosine kinase A (TrKA) and P75NGFR were detected in operation tissue specimens of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. Relations of β-NGF and its receptors with clinicalpathological characters, especially nerve invasion were analyzed. Results β-NGF and TrKA expression are higher in pancreatic adenocarcinoma than normal pancreas, and the differences are significant (P < 0. 01). Β-NGF and TrKA expression are associated with the differentiation grades(DG), lymphatic node metastasis, nerve invasion and surgical pathological stages. Poorer of DG and later stages, more expression of β-NGF and TrKA. Β-NGF and TrKA expression have positive correlations. Β-NGF, TrKA and P75NGFR mRNA expression have significantly increased 3.84,4. 23 and 2. 41 times than normal tissues by real-time PCR, respectively. Conclusions β-NGF and TrKA might play potential rules in carcinogenesis for pancreatic cancer,have affinity with clinicopathological characters of pancreatic cancer. Β-NGF and TrKA may have mutual effect in signal transduction leading to perineural invasion of pancreatic carcinoma.

Objective To study the relationship between plasma TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-10 levels and radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patients received thoracic irradiation with 3DCRT. Methods Sixty-nine patients of lung cancer stage Ⅲ or esophageal carcinoma were evaluated prospectively by EUSA for plasma TNF-α, TGF- β, IL-10 levels and IL-10/TNF-α before 3DCRT, after 40 - 50 Gy and after 3DCRT. Results Twenty-eight patients had RP. In RP patients, the plasma TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-10 levels and IL-10/TNF-α was (15.2 ± 13.4) μg/L, (28.4 ± 13.4), (24. 1 ± 17. 1) ng/L and 1.01 ± 0.86 before 3DCRT, respectively;TNF-α increased to (36.1 ± 15.5) ng/L(t = 2.01, P = 0.040), IL-10 and IL-10/TNF-α decreased to (18.8 ± 10.8) ng/L (t =1.40, P = 0.166) and 0.62 0.55 (t = 1.90, P = 0.063)after 40-50 Gy. After 3DCRT TNF-α was higher (36.9 ± 15.5) ng/L than that before 3DCRT(t = - 2.20, P = 0.032) ,but IL-10 and IL-10/TNF-α were lower than that before 3DCRT [(13.7 ± 6.2) ng/L, t = 3.03, P = 0.005 ;0.41 ± 0.21, t = 3.60, P = 0.001]. TGF-β was not change in three times(P > 0.05) .In non-RP patients, TGF-β,TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-10/TNF-α was not yet change in three times(P > 0.05) respectively. TGF-β was not yet change between RP and non-RP patients before 3DCRT (t = 0.54, P = 0.594), and TNF-α was higher in RP group than that in non-RP group after 40-50 Gy(t = 2.02, P = 0.048), but IL-10 and IL-10/TNF-α was less in RP group than that in non-RP group after 3DCRT(t=2.50,P=0.015;t=4.63,P=0.000). Conclusions The levels of TNF-α and IL-10 are closely related to the occurrence of RP. Monitoring the changes in dynamic state could predict the generation of RP, which could be employed as a sensitive index for indicating risks for acute RP.

Objective To investigate the effects of repeated low dose intravenous infusion of low molecular weight iron dextran and iron sucrose on oxidative stress in chronic renal failure (CRF) rats. Methods CRF model was established by 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy (5/6 Nx). Four weeks after removing the right kidney, successful rats were randomly divided into low molecular weight iron dextran group, sucrose iron group and CRF control group. The sham group was established simultaneously. The dose of iron administrated in each rat was similar in iron dextran group and sucrose iron group. There were 6 rats in each group. Animals were observed for 6weeks, then the blood, urine and renal tissue samples were collected, and indexes of renal function,anemia, iron status and oxidative stress were investigated. Results The hemoglobulin (Hb) level in iron groups was significantly higher as compared to control group (P＜0.05) but was not significantly different between two iron groups. The levels of serum iron, ferritin and saturation rate of transferring (TS) were obviously lower in control group as compared to sham group (P＜0.05).Levels of above 3 indexes were significantly higher in two iron groups as compared to control group (P＜0.05), but were not significantly different between two iron groups. Concentration of plasma advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) was obviously higher in two iron groups than that in control group [(127.84±21.19) μmol/L, (134.21±29.38) μmol/L vs (81.83±19.93) μmol/L, P＜0.05]. Plasma malonaldehyde (MDA) was significantly higher in iron sucrose group than that in iron dextran group [(6.06±0.73) nmol/L vs (4.99i0.80) nmol/L, P＜0.05]. Serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total anti-oxidant capacity (TAOC) had no significant differences among three CRF groups. Concentration of plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was significantly decreased in three CRF groups as compared to sham group (P＜0.05), while plasma GSH-Px was significantly lower in sucrose iron group than that in iron dextran group and control group [(2123.11±74.78)nmol ·ml-1 ·min-1 vs (2352.84±163.90) nmol· ml-1 ·min-1, (2310.23±125.99) nmol ·ml-1 ·min-1, P＜0.05]. Conclusions Injection of intravenous iron can partially improve the anemia and the iron status indexes in 5/6 Nx CRF rats. Repeated low dose intravenous infusion of iron dextran and iron sucrose can aggravate the oxidative stress state in CRF rats, and the iron sucrose is worst.