Circulation of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, as the vital part of the TCM industrial chain, plays an important role in the connection of agriculture link and industry link of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, which has influence on the healthy development of the whole TCM industrial chain. Because circulation activities mainly include exchange and storage activities instead of manufacturing real products, they are much more difficult to be managed compared with producing activity. This would lead to problems in circulation of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and impose negative effects on TCM industry. Based on scale economy theory, information asymmetry theory and cobweb model theory, this article analyzed the problems in circulation of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, discussed the deep reasons behind these problems, and proposed relevant suggestions for optimization.

An empirical study on the analysis of the social responsibility information which includes corporate social responsibility reports, annual reports and official website social responsibility part, of 62 selected Chinese listed corporate is performed using co-word analysis. We have clustered 39 key words which refined from the social responsibility management information into five index, which are characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine industry, cultural, quality, operation and sustainable development. The quality of construction, cultural products and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine industry itself are the hot social responsibility information, and also can be used as key factors in the enterprise brand evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine.

BACKGROUND: Endothelial cell structural and functional integrity is importnat decisive fatcor for ischemic time-window and hemorragic transformation follwing brain ischemic injury.OBJECTIVE: To investiagte the endotheliocyt endurance to various course of ischemic injury basing on dynamical observation of morphological and ultrastructural changes of endotheliocyte during IR injury.DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment.SETTING:Neurological Internal Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out in the Animal Experimental Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from March 1998 to March 1999. Totally 53 SD rats were randomly dihours of 6 rats.METHODS: Thread-bolt occlusion method was used to establish focal brain ischemia model on rats. Brain tissue was evenly cut into five coronary segments: namely A, B, C, D and E, segments C underwent TTC staining for marginal region location. segments D was taken for routine dehydration, transparency, envelop, slice and HE staining,optical microscopic observation. Ischemic surrounding area and central brain tissues was obtained from slice B, fixed and enveloped before cutting into ultrathin slices that was observed under transmission electron microscope.the occurring time of hemorrhagic infarction at different ischemic time cell vacuolization degree in foot process layer at different ischemic time points.RESULTS: Totally 53 rats were enrolled in this experiment and all data was entered into results analysis. Under optical microscope: Neuropil loose and small vascular surrounding edema was observed at ischemia 3 hours.Small arterial broken and hemorrhage occurred at ischemia 12 hours reperfusion 3 hours. Under electron microscope: Capillary endothelial nuclear swelling was observed at ischemia 3 hours, with cytoplasmic pinocytosi increasing and vacuolization in foot process layer appearing+; At ischemia 3 hours reperfusion 3 hours, the foot process layer vacuolization in center area was (++) and (+++) in marginal area; while at ischemia 6 hours reperfusion 3 hours, endothelia tight junction opened and vacuolization in foot process layer was (+++); pinocytosis was found obviously reduced after ischemia 12 hours reperfusion 3 hours, mitochondrial swelling was seldom observed, but tight junction increasingly opened and vacuolization in foot process layer appeared (+++) - (++++).CONCLUSION: Obvious structural changes of endotheliocyte appeared in post-ischemia 3 hours, endotheliocyte tight junction openning was observed at ischemia 6 hours, and hemorrage transformation occurred after ischemia 12 hours, mainly at the post-reperfusional ischemia center.

ObjectiveTo investigate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSC) express brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) and nerve growth factor(NGF) and their protective effect for neural stem cells (NSCs).MethodsBMSC were obtained from rat tibiae and femurs and centrifuged with Ficoll. The passage 3 cells were chosen to make immunocytochemical stain for CD44, CD71 and CD45. The expression of BDNF and NGF was detected in BMSC with RT-PCR, as well as in the media with ELISA. The media that cultured BMSC were collected as BMSC condition media. NSCs were obtained from cerebral cortex of new-born rat and cultured in vitro. After different ratio of BMSC condition midia were added, NSCs were induced to apoptosis with heat-shock, then NSCs were dyed with Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis kit and apoptosis rates were tested with flow cytometry. ResultsBMSC were CD44(+), CD45(-), CD71(+) and expressed BDNF and NGF mRNA. BDNF and NGF could be tested in the media of cultured BMSC and increase with cultured time. BMSC condition media could reduce the ratio of heat-induced apoptosis of NSCs, and more BMSC condition media showed better effect. ConclusionBMSC can express neurotrophic factores and protect neural stem cells from heat-induced apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the association between serum total testosterone (TT ) levels and type 2 diabetes(T2DM )and any gender differences in elderly patients. Methods Based on the Aging Health database built from 2008 to 2012 ,935 elderly individuals over 60 years old with a mean age of 65.8 years receiving physical examinations were included.According to the 1999 WHO criteria for diabetes ,participants were assigned into four groups :a T2DM group(n＝298) ,an impaired fasting glucose(IFG)group(n＝26) ,an impaired glucose tolerance(IGT)group(n＝121) ,and a normal glucose regulation(NGR)group(n ＝ 490).We measured serum TT by ELISA and analyzed the distribution patterns in the groups.Furthermore ,we examined the gender-specific correlation of TT with T2DM and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results The prevalence of T2DM in the participants was 31.9%(298/935).One-way ANOVA analysis showed that the TT level was higher in the NGR group than in the T2DM and IGT groups (PANOVA＝ 0.001) . Logistic regression analysis indicated a significant protective association between TT and T 2DM in the elderly.Every one unit of increase in the SD of the TT level was accompanied by a 23% reduction in the risk for T2DM (P＝ 0.001).Further gender-stratification analysis suggested that the protective role of TT against T2DM only existed in males (OR＝ 0.55 ,95% CI :0.44-0.68 ;P＜ 0.001).After adjustment for age ,blood pressure ,blood lipids ,and waist circumference ,the protective role of TT against T2DM in males still remained (OR ＝ 0.68 ,95% CI :0.53-0.86 ;P ＝ 0.002 ).Pearson correlation analysis also indicated a significant negative correlation between TT and HOMA-IR in older males(P＝0.002).As for older females ,no significant correlation of TT with T2DM and HOMA-IR was found. Conclusions The serum TT level might be an independent protective factor for T 2DM in older males ,as evidenced by its correlation with improved insulin resistance status ,which is not present in older females.

Objective To investigate the risk factors and appropriate screening methods for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN ). Methods This research is a multicenter ,randomized ,cross-sectional study. Questionnaires ,physical examinations and laboratory tests were performed on 1054 elderly diabetic outpatients at 13 hospitals in urban and rural areas of Beijing. Patients were screened for DPN with the five physical examinations recommended by the Diabetes Branch of the Chinese Medical Association. They were divided into a confirmed DPN group(n=449 ,42.6％ ) ,a suspected DPN group(n=276 ,26.2％ ) ,and a non-DPN group(n=329 ,31.2％ ).Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors for DPN.The sensitivity ,specificity ,Youden index ,and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve were calculated and used for evaluating each test and their combinations in screening DPN and for choosing the opitmal test combination. Results The differences in age ,family income ,duration of diabetes ,glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c) ,hypoglycemia ,and dyslipidemia among three groups were statistically significant (all P<0.01). The decision whether or not to initiate metformin therapy ,metformin doses and DPN prevalence in patients on long-term metformin therapy showed statistically significant differences among three groups (all P<0.01). The differences in the prevalences of cerebral infarction ,diabetic retinopathy ,and peripheral vascular disease among three groups were statistically significant (all P< 0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis suggested that levels of HbA1c ,hypoglycemia ,LDL cholesterol ,whether or not metformin use , metformin dose ,and duration of metformin use were risk factors for DPN in elderly diabetics (all P<0.05) . The combined methods of ankle reflex ,vibratory sensation and temperature sensation used for screening DPN showed the best results with a sensitivity of 94.1％ ,specificity of 75.3％ ,an area under the ROC curve of 0.847 ,and a Yoden index of 0.6945. Conclusions The prevalence of DPN in elderly diabetic outpatients at third-level referral hospitals in Beijing is high. Poor glycaemic control ,repeated episodes of hypoglycemia , metformin use and its daily dose and duration are risk factors for DPN in elderly diabetics.We should focus on strengthening the DPN screening and management of high-risk population.Symptoms of peripheral neuropathy plus ankle reflex ,vibratory and temperature sensations are simple ,rapid and reliable DPN-screening methods ,and can be promoted in outpatient department and primary hospitals.

Objective To study the dietary nourishment of adult patients with leukemia and compare acute leukemic patients with chronic leukemic patients. Methods Adopting dietary review of 24 hours and seven consecutive days of dietary records method to obtain the food category and quantity of 122 patients with acute leukemia and 10 patients with chronic leukemia. Using statistic software SPSS11.0 to calculate the patients'intake of various kinds of nutfiments. and the difiences between acute and chronic leukemic patients were analyzed. Results The rate of most ontrients of patients'intake reaches RNI/AI is lower,especially vitamin A,vitamin C and caleium.There's a tendency that intake diet,energy and nourishments of acute leukemic patients is lower than that of those chronic leukemic patients. Conclusion There is a tendency of unbalanced dietary intakes in leukemic patients.including the low intakes.There is the tendency that nutritional status of acute leukemic patients iS poorer than that of chronic leukemic patients.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and the prognostic factors of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences 2005 (CAMS-2005) regimen in the treatment of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods: Eighty-eight cases of newly-diagnosed AML patients, who were treated with the CAMS-2005 regimen from April 2005 to July 2009, were enrolled in this case observational study. Clinical characteristics, long-term prognosis and prognostic factors were analyzed retrospectively. Overall survival (OS) and event free survival (EFS) rates were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Rates of survival between the groups were compared by the Log-rank test. Prognostic factors were evaluated by COX regression analysis. Results: A total of 82 cases were enrolled in this study, including 34 core binding factor(CBF)-AML patients and 48 non-CBF-AML patients. There were 45 males and 37 females. The median age at diagnosis was 8.0 (0.7-16.0) years. During the induction therapy, 3 patients (4%) developed treatment-related early-death, while 63 patients (77%) achieved complete remission (CR) and 53 patients (65%) achieved CR after 1 course. Twenty-one patients (33%) had relapsed disease. The CR rates of CBF-AML patients and non-CBF-AML patients were 91% (31/34) and 67% (32/48) (χ²=5.410, P=0.020) , while the relapse rates were 29% (9/31) and 38% (12/32) (χ²=0.508, P=0.476) . The 8-year OS and EFS rates of all 82 patients were 59%(48/82) and 51%(42/82). The 8-year OS rates of CBF-AML patients and non-CBF-AML patients were 74% (25/34) and 48%(23/48) (χ²=5.812, P=0.016), while the 8-year EFS rates of CBF-AML patients and non-CBF-AML patients were 71%(24/34) and 38%(18/48) (χ²=8.682, P=0.003). There were statistically significant differences between groups. The 8-year OS rates of patients who achieved CR after 1 course and other patients were 68% (36/53) and 46% (12/26) (χ²=9.606, P=0.002), while the 8-year EFS rates were 66% (35/53) and 27% (7/26) (χ²=19.471, P=0.000), the differences were all statistically significant. COX multivariate analysis showed that CBF-AML or non-CBF-AML and whether achieved CR after 1 course were independent prognostic factors of OS rates (relative risk: 2.538, 2.561) and EFS rates (relative risk: 3.050, 3.686) (P <0.05). Conclusions The efficacy of the CAMS-2005 regimen in the treatment of AML patients was well. CBF-AML or non-CBF-AML and whether achieved CR after 1 course were independent prognostic factors for pediatric AML patients.

Objective:To study the incidence and risk factors of early hyperglycemia in extremely preterm infants (EPIs).Methods:From January 2018 to December 2021, EPIs with gestational age (GA) <28 w born in our hospital and admitted to the neonatal department were retrospectively studied. According to the occurrence of early hyperglycemia (within 1 w after birth), the infants were assigned into hyperglycemia group and non-hyperglycemia group. Univariate and logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of early hyperglycemia in EPIs.Results:A total of 218 cases of EPIs were enrolled, including 70 (32.1%) in the hyperglycemia group and 148 (67.9%) in the non-hyperglycemia group. The incidence of early hyperglycemia in EPIs with GA<25 w was 10/20 and 11/16 in EPIs with birth weight (BW) ≤700 g. The GA and BW of the hyperglycemia group were significantly lower than the non-hyperglycemia group ( P<0.05). More infants in the hyperglycemia group had 1-min and 5-min Apgar≤7 than the non-hyperglycemia group ( P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that increased BW ( OR=0.995, 95% CI 0.993~0.997, P<0.05) was a protective factor for early hyperglycemia in EPIs, while male gender ( OR=2.512,95% CI 1.232~5.123, P<0.05), vasoactive drug use during the first week of life ( OR=2.687, 95% CI 1.126~6.414, P<0.05), maternal hypertension during pregnancy ( OR=14.735, 95% CI 1.578~137.585, P<0.05) were risk factors for early hyperglycaemia in EPIs. Conclusions:Early hyperglycemia are common among EPIs. Low BW, male gender, vasoactive drug use during the first week of life and maternal hypertension during pregnancy may increase the risk of early hyperglycemia.

Objective:To study the risk factors of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) during hospitalization in very preterm infants (VPIs) with birth weight (BW) <1 500 g.Methods:From Jan 2015 to Dec 2020, clinical data of VPIs admitted to neonatal department our hospital were retrospectively studied. The infants were assigned into EUGR group and non-EUGR group according to their weight at discharge. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of EUGR in VPIs.Results:A total of 969 VPIs were enrolled, including 400 cases of EUGR (41.3%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Z-score of BW ( OR=0.057, 95% CI 0.037-0.088, P<0.001) was closely correlated with the occurrence of EUGR and growth velocity (GV) after regain BW ( OR=0.537, 95% CI 0.479-0.602, P<0.001) was a protective factor for EUGR. Maternal hypertension during pregnancy ( OR=1.895, 95% CI 1.059-3.394, P=0.031), asphyxia at birth ( OR=2.508, 95% CI 1.265-3.347, P=0.004) and moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) ( OR=2.660, 95% CI 1.503-4.708, P=0.001) were risk factors for EUGR at discharge. Conclusions:EUGR is still common in VPIs. Increased GV after regain BW, prevention and treatment of moderate to severe BPD may reduce the incidence of EUGR at discharge in VPIs.