Objective To investigate the quantitative relationship between the changes of the parameters of Three-Electrode System and the Current following through WE (Farad current and Nonfarad current ). Methods We built a model based on the driving voltage-current system,which could describe the parameters of system and present the influence of current by changing parameters. Results The results of studying two simulational models accord with experiments of electrical chemistry. Conclusion This study provides an estimated value and influence of the electrochemistry noises,which is significant for data accuracy and anti-jamming of electrochemistry products.

Objective To observe the change of protein levels of large conductance calcium activated potassium channel (BK‐Ca) in placental arteriole smooth muscle cells from hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and discuss its role .Methods Western blot analysis was used to examine protein expression of α subunit andβ1 subunit of BKCa channels in placental arteriole smooth muscle cells from hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy .Results The relative protein expression level of α‐subunit in the HDCP group was 1 .001 2 ± 0 .169 8(n=15) ,and the NT group was 1 .028 2 ± 0 .180 6 (n=15) .There was no significant differences between the two groups (P> 0 .05);the relative protein expression level of β1 subunit in the HDCP group was 0 .418 1 ± 0 .080 8 (n=15) ,and the NT group was 1 .616 8 ± 0 .012 6 (n=15) ,theβ1‐subunit protein expression levels of HDCP group were significantly lower (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The protein expression ofβ1‐subunit ,but notα‐subunit ,was reduced in pla‐cental arteriole smooth muscle cells from hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy .Therefore ,BKCa channel activity may have been involved in hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy ;and the abnormal expression ofβ1 subunit maybe an important basis in hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy .

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of norepinephrine on oxygen metabolism and postoperative outcomes in the elderly patients undergoing fluid-restored abdominal surgery.MethodsAfter hospital ethics committee approval,and written informed consent was obtained from all patients,40 elderly patients,aged ＞ 64 yr,with a body mass index of 18-24 kg/m2,undergoing elective colorectal surgery,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =20 each):routine fluid administration group (group A) and restricted fluid administration group (group B).In group A,lactated Ringer's solution was given routinely.Lactated Ringer's solution was given at a rate of 5 ml· kg- 1 · h- 1 and small dose of norepinephrine was infused intravenously at 0.01-0.03 μg· kg- 1 · h - 1 simultaneously during the surgery,and MAP was maintained ≥65 mm Hg in group B.Intraoperative blood loss was replaced with the equal volume of 6％ hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4.Before the surgery ( baseline),1 and 2 h after beginning of the surgery,and while leaving postanesthesia care unit,mean arterial pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR),cardiac index (CI) and central venous pressure (CVP) were recorded,and arterial and central venous blood samples were drawn for blood gas analysis.Oxygen delivery index (DO2 I ),oxygen consumption index (YO2I) and oxygen extraction ratio (ERO2) were calculated.The gastric mucosal pH was determined before the surgery and 1 h after beginning of the surgery.Blood samples were taken form the peripheral vein to determine the concentration of Hb,serum albumin,blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) concentrations before the surgery and 1 day after the surgery.The extubation time,duration of stay in hospital,the time when the patients passed the flatus,pulmonary complications,gastrointestinal complications,and wound infections were recorded.ResultsCompared with group A,CI,Hb,ScvO2 and DO2I were significantly increased,CVP and ERO2 were decreased during the surgery,the concentrations of Hb and serum albumin were significantly increased,1 day after the surgery,and the incidence of pulmonary complications and wound infections was significantly decreased after the surgery in group B (P ＜ 0.05 ).There were no significant differences in gastric muscosal pH,the indexes of renal function,extubatiotn time,the time when the patients passed the flatus,duration of stay in hospital and the incidence of gastrointestinal complications between the two groups ( P ＞ 0.05).ConclusionWhen small dose of norepinephrine is used to treat perioperative hypotension induced by fluid restriction,it can increase oxygen delivery,and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications,and has no adverse effects on gastrointestinal microcirculation and oxygen consumption in the elderly patients undergoing colorectal surgery.

Objective To analyze the immunophenotyping characteristics of myeloid leukemia in transgenic mouse.Methods According to differential antigen expression profile on various hematopoietic lineages,flow cytometric analysis of bone marrow sample was performed on 5 myeloid leukemia mice and 10 healthy BL6 mice.Cell cycle analysis was further performed to assess cell proliferation.Results Expressions of Mac-1+ Gr-1+ and c-Kit+ in bone marrow cells in transgenic leukemia mice were(72.6±6.5)% and (20.5±4.8)%,and it were significantly higher than those in normal mice[(52.8±4.8)% and(2.1±0.3)%](t=6.66,12.66,P＜0.01).And expressions of B220+,CD3+,CD41+ and Ter119+ in leukemia mice were(2.7±1.1)%,(1.2±0.3)%,(1.2±0.6)% and(2.8±1.1)%,respectively.It were significantly lower than those in normal mice[(20.2±2.1)%.(6.6±1.3)%,(4.7±1.1)% and(10.6±1.2)%](t=-17.63,-8.69,-6.30,-12.28,P＜0.01).The percentages of S phase and G2/M phase in leukemia mice were(25.7±4.2)% and(21.1±4.2)%,respectively.It were significantly increased as compared with normal mice[(11.8±2.1)% and(8.9±1.8)%](t=8.59,7.98,P＜0.01).Conclusions Immunophenotyping of myeloid leukemia in transgenic mouse was characterized by hish expression of myeloid specific marker(Mac-1 and Gr-1)and hematopoietic stem/progenitors cells specific marker(c-Kit),and by low expression of B-lymphoid specific marker(B220),T-lymphoid(CD3),megakaryocyte(CD41)and Erythroid(Ter119).

[Objective]To explore improved operation treatment of fractures of olecranon and internal or external malleolus by fixing them internally with needle wire amend tension band.[Method]A total of 89 cases of olecranon fracture and 63 cases of internal and external malleolus fracture were treated by the amended traditional tension belt using needle wire nails.[Result]Sixty-eight and 55 of these cases(80.9%) had been followed-up respectively for 2.5 years in average,the longest follow-up period was 5 years and the shortest was 6 months.It shows through evaluation with Wolfgang post curative standard that 65 and 53 cases were excellent in curative effect(95.9%),3 and 2 cases had moderate result(4.1%),and there was no worse case.The average fracture cure time was 1.5 months.[Conclusion]The improvement of traditional tension belt in olecranon and internal or external malleolus fracture operation by using needle wire nails has the following advantages:(1)Simplifying operation procedures;(2)Reducing number of steel nails;(3)Keeping the biomechanical principle of the tension band and internal AO fixing advantage;(4)Reducing the phenomena of "tension loss" caused by expanded steel wire holes as a result of osteonecrosis,and avoiding internal loose complication.The disadvantage of this method is that the fixation has to be taken out through operation.

0.05)indicating no significant loss of correction.The length of the growth of instrumented spine was 13.3 mm.No sever complications in the series. Conclusion The PRSS which dispenses without bony fusion is a safe and an effective instrumen for management of juvenile scoliosis.It provides and maintains desirable scoliosis correction in one stage procedure,while allowing spinal growth.

Eleven salt-losers (SL group) and eleven non-salt-losers (NSL group) of congenital a-drenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) were evaluated for sodium status under routine regimen of glucocorticoid (4 salt-losers with mineralocorticoid at the same time). Venous samples were collected for the measurement of plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone (Aldo) , and a-drenocorticotropin (ACTH), and for serum cortisol (F), 17-OH progesterone (17-OHP), and testosterone (T). Urine samples were collected for 17-ketosteroid (17-KS). 10 age-matched normal children were chosen as control. The results showed that concentration of PRA, Aldo, 17-OHP, and T, were higher in both groups than in normal subjects (P

Objective To investigate MRI features of malignant meningioma,in order to improve diagnostic rate of the disease preoperatively.Methods 18 cases with intact MRI materials proved operatively and pathologically were collected.Results Most tumors showed heterogeneous and low signal intensity on T 1WI,(16/18 cases),and heterogeneous and high signal intensity on T 2WI,(14/18cases). 15 of 18 cases showed significant but inhomogeneous contrast enhancement.The tumors were irregular or lobulated in contour with all or part of the border ill-defined. Conclusion Malignant meningiomas do have characteristic MRI features besides in common with benign ones.

Objective To study the changes of the expression of growth associated protein -43(GAP 43) in cochlear nucleus and the inferior colliculus (IC) in rats after unilateral cochlear damage at different time points after surgery ,and explore the remodeling and repair process of synapse in brainstem auditory center of rats after auditory deprivation .Methods Thirty rats were randomly divided into six groups :the 3 ,7 ,15 ,30 ,60 days group (with u-nilateral cochlea damage) and the control group (without cochlea damage) with 5 rats in each group .The immuno-histochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of GAP -43 in cochlear nucleus and inferior colliculus at different time points after cochlea damaged in the control group .Results After the unilateral cochlear ear was dam-aged at 3 ,7 ,15 days ,GAP -43 in operation side cochlear nucleus were expressed and the expression level signifi-cantly increased compared with normal control group .After 30 days postoperatively ,GAP - 43 expression level decreased ,but it was still higher than normal control group .After 60 days postoperatively ,GAP - 43 expression level was slightly higher than that of normal control group .After 3 days postoperatively ,GAP - 43 expression level was higher than normal control group .After 7 ,15 days postoperatively ,expression levels were increased .After 30 , 60 days postoperatively ,the expressions gradually decreased ,but still higher than the normal control group .Conclusion After unilateral cochlea damaged ,GAP - 43 was expressed an obvious dynamic change process in cochlear nucleus and infe-rior colliculus .It may reflect the axonal regeneration and synaptic plasticity after hearing loss in brainstem auditory neurons .

Objective To explore a high molluscicidal efficient method in special Oncomelania hupensis snail environments. Methods In 2005 and 2006,in large special environments(rubble creek beaches and seepage barren hills with snails),the me-chanical soil-buried method(excavator digging to bury deep snails)and manual soil-buried method were used respectively,and the results were compared for the cost-effectiveness. Results With the mechanical soil-buried method in 2006,the investment was 0.78 yuan/m2,and the compression rate of snail areas was 100%;with the manual soil-buried method in 2005,the investment was 1.34 yuan/m2,and the compression rate of snail areas was 20.26%. The former was much better than the latter. Conclusion In the large special environments with snails,the mechanical soil-buried method is superior to manual soil-buried method.