This paper analyzed the characteristics of pathophysiology teaching for Mongolian students.Exploration was made in aspects of designing,implementing and evaluating multilingual pathophysiology teaching mode for Mongolian students.The problems of the mode were summarized and optimization measures were proposed.

ObjectiveTo study the present human resources of TCM hospitals in China, for decision making of TCM hospitals HR strategy in the future. Methods Collection of statistics released by the Ministry of Health and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 2005 to 2009, for analysis of the general structure and trends of hospital staff at large, headcount and makeup of medical personnel, and the structure and trends of TCM professionals in TCM hospitals. Results In 2009, there were 2,728 TCM hospitals, employing 518, 5000 staff, including 427, 900 medical personnel, accounting for 82.52％ of the total; TCM practitioners account for 45. 61％ of clinicians in TCM hospitals;a shortage of nursesisfoundin TCM hospitals as comparedto general hospitals. ConclusionIt is imperative to revise the staff quota standard of TCM hospitals, and to increase the number of TCM practitioners and nursing staff in TCM hospitals.

Objective To evaluate the effect of oxycodone on function of GABAA receptors in dor-sal root ganglion ( DRG ) neurons of rats with neuropathic pain ( NP ) . Methods Thirty-six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 180-220 g, aged 10 weeks, were allocated into 3 groups ( n=12 each) u-sing a random number table method: sham operation group ( group S ) , group NP and oxycodone group ( group O) . The sciatic nerve was only isolated but not ligated in group S. NP was induced by chronic con-striction injury. The sciatic nerve was exposed and 4 loose ligatures were placed on the sciatic nerve at 1 mm intervals with 4-0 chromic catgut. Oxycodone 15μg∕kg was intraperitoneally injected once a day for 14 con-secutive days from ligating the sciatic nerve to satisfaction in group O. The thermal paw withdrawal latency( TWL) was measured at 1 day before establishing the model ( T0 ) and 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 days after es-tablishing the model ( T1-5 ) . The rats were sacrificed after measurement of pain threshold at T5 , and DRG neurons were acutely isolated for recording the amplitude of GABAA receptors-activated currents using whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Results Compared with group S, the TWL was significantly shortened at T1-5, and the amplitude of GABAA receptors-activated currents in DRG neurons was decreased in NP and O groups (P<0. 05). Compared with group NP, the TWL was significantly prolonged at T1-5, and the ampli-tude of GABAA receptors-activated currents in DRG neurons was increased in group O ( P<0. 05) . Conclu-sion Oxycodone can enhance the function of GABAA receptors-activated currents in DRG neurons and thus enhance GABAA receptors-mediated presynaptic inhibition, which may be related to the mechanism of oxyc-odone-induced reduction of NP in rats.

Objective To analyze the correlation of the maximum myocardial stiffness (maxEav), maximum modulus of elasticity (Emax) with the E/A ratio of mltral annulus at the end of left ventricular systole for patients with essential hypertension. Methods 298 patients with essential hypertension were selected as research objects. The left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and relative wall thickness (RWT) of the patients were calculated. Based on LVMI and RWT indexes, the patients were divided into left ventricular normal (LVN) group, left ventricular concentric remodeling (LVCR) group, left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy (LVEH) group, left ventricular concentric hypertrophy (LVCH) group, respectively. In addition, 115 healthy subjects were selected into control group. The subjects were diagnosed by echocardiography, so as to analyze the correlation of maxEav, Emax with E/A. Results The maxEav, Emax and E/A in LVCR group, LVEH group and LVCH group were all negatively correlated. The differences of E/A between LVCR group, LVCH group and control group showed statistical significance. Compared with control groups, both the maxEav and Emax in hypertension group decreased, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions The maxEav and Emax are more sensitive and easy indexes to judge left ventricular diastolic function. The analysis on maxEav and Emax changes in patients with left ventricular remodeling and diastolic dysfunction in hypertension, as well as the exploration on pathogenesis of diastolic heart failure, can provide the theoretical basis for prevention and treatment of diastolic heart failure in the future.

Background and purpose:Although there is still no standard ifrst line chemotherapy regimen for metastatic gastric cancer (MGC), the doublet and triplet regimens containing platinum and lfuorouracil were most popular worldwidely. The ECF regimen is the classical and one of the most popular treatment choices in this setting, while the marrow suppression, the renal toxicity and poor compliance inhibits its usage. In order to improve its efifcacy and tolerability, this study conducted 2 phaseⅡ trials by modified ECF regimen, the EOF5 regimen (substituting cisplatin with oxaliplatin, shortening the continuous infusion period to 120 h), to treat patients with MGC since 2004. This paper reported the comprehensive results of the 2 studies.Methods:All the patients who enrolled in our previous2 phaseⅡ trials and received EOF5 as ifrst line treatment entered this study. Each patient received the treatment of epirubicin 50 mg/m2 iv d1, oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 iv gtt d1 and 5-FU 375-425 mg/m2·d-1 civ 120 h, and repeated every 3 weeks. Efifcacy was analyzed every 6 weeks.Results:A total number of 178 patients (all were metastatic patients but 2 advanced patients with unresectable lesions) were included into this study. One hundred and seventy patients were evaluable, and 7 patients (3.9%) achieved complete response (CR), 76 patients (42.7%) achieved partial response (PR), 46.6% patients achieved overall response rate (ORR, CR+PR), and the cases of stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) were 69 (38.8%) and 18 (10.1%), respectively. The median progress free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 6.0 months (95%CI: 5.2-6.8) and 12.6 months (95%CI: 8.9-16.3), 1-year and 2-year survival rate were 50.9% and 28.0%, respectively. Grade 3, 4 toxicity including: leucopenia (23.0), neutropenia (38.8%), anemia (6.5%), thrombocytopenia (23.5%), nausea/vomiting (14.1%), and peripheral neuropathy toxicity (1.2%). Among 75 patients who received second line treatment, the median survival from second line treatment was 8.0 months (95%CI: 4.8-11.2).Conclusion:EOF5 regimen is a highly effective regimen with moderate and manageable toxicity, and it providesa suitable alternative for the ifrst-line treatment of MGC.

Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute hyperextension spinal cord injury (SCI) in children, and to provide some recommendations for the treatment and prevention of this disease.Methods:Reviewed the data of children of SCI after sustained or repeated hyperextension of the spine at Wuhan Union Hospital and Wuhan Children's Hospital from September 2010 to September 2020. According to the American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale (AIS grade), the patients were divided into complete SCI group and incomplete SCI group. The age, symptoms and evolution after injury, neurological level of injury, imaging data, laboratory examination data, prognosis and complications of the two groups were analyzed. Retrospectively summarize the characteristics of this type of injury.Results:Forty-four cases of acute hyperextension SCI in children were included. Their age ranged from 3 to 10 years old, 95% of them were under 8 years old and 95% of them were female. There was no significant difference in age at injury and time of dance training between children with complete SCI and incomplete SCI. Back and leg pain, lower limb weakness or paresthesia, and rapidly progress to complete or incomplete SCI in a short period were typical symptoms. All blood test results anddiagnostic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid were unremarkable or negative. There was no fracture or dislocation in the whole spine. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a longitudinally extended intramedullary high-intensity signal in the thoracolumbar spinal cord. Complete SCI accounted for 60% of all cases, and the prognosis was poor with spinal cord atrophy and various complications.Conclusion:Children younger than 10 years old after sustained or repeated hyperextension of the spine may suffer acute hyperextension SCI. Children with complete SCI have poor prognosis and serious complications. Therefore, prevention of this type of injury is the best strategy.

Rats ; Animals ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/physiology* ; Adipose Tissue