Malignant gliomas represent the largest group of brain tumors in humans. Recent studies have explored the molecular changes and apoptosis on gliomas, which involved the molecular etiology malignant progression, molecular subtyping, gene therapy, and prognostic evaluation of gliomas. This paper reviewed the relevant advances in the field of gliomas molecular biology.

By analyzing relevant documents of procurement of drugs with target quantity in Shanghai, com-bined with onsite investigations and interviews, this paper summarizes the practice of procurement of drugs with target quantity in Shanghai from six aspects, namely the basic situation of centralized procurement, pilot scope and variety of procurement of drugs with target quantity, business qualification and certification, determination of successful bid-der, drug distribution, and drug payment settlement. This paper argues that Shanghai has successfully implemented the policy of procurement of drugs with target quantity, by scientifically establishing a comprehensive evaluation index of quality, setting up private drug procurement accounts, prepaying drug procurement loans and strengthening plat-form services and regulatory capabilities, in order to effectively guarantee the operation of procurement of drugs with target quantity. From this case study of Shanghai, it can draw the following implications that in order to successfully achieve procurement of drugs with target quantity mechanism, setting up functional departments of unified authority is the most important guarantee, and using technical means and platform building is the basic conditions. Therefore, the setting up of economic and technical bidding should focus on the individual properties of generic drugs, and the pro-moting of tripartite system reform will help to further expand the scope of procurement of drugs with target quantity.

Objective:To study the mechanism of effect of miR-21 via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in human A549 lung cancer cells and Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. Methods:The effect of miR-21 on A549 cells were detected by MTT method. MiR-21 expression levels were overexpressed or inhibited in A549 cells by transfecting with miR-21 mimics or inhibitors. Correlation among key molecules (Wnt1,β-catenin, CyclinD1 and miR-21) of mRNA and protein levels in Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were studied by Real-time PCR and Western blot hybridization assay. Invasive ability of A549 cells was determined via Transwell chamber cell invasion assay;the role of miR-21 in A549 cells was explored via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. A Lewis lung carcinoma animal model was established to detect miR-21 expressions in tumor animals and controlled animal tissues, and verify expression changes of the above moleculesin the Wnt/ β-catenin signaling pathway was determined in the animal level. Results:MTT assay results showed that miR-21 overexpression could markedly enhance cell absorbance value;that is, miR-21 could increase the ability proliferation of A549 cells.β-catenin and CyclinD1 expression levels were significantly higher in miR-21 mimic transfected cells (P<0.05), and Wnt1 gene had no significant change. Wnt1,β-catenin and CyclinD1 gene expression showed no significant change when miR-21 expression was suppressed, compared with controls. After cells were transfected with miR-21 mimics, cell invasion assay revealed that the perforated cells was significantly higher than the perforated cells in the control group (P<0.01). Lewis lung assay revealed that miR-21 expression levels in the Lewis lung carcinoma were significantly higher;and at the same time, Wnt1,β-catenin and CyclinD1 gene expression levels were significantly increased, compared to controls. Conclusions: In A549 human lung cancer cells and Lewis lung carcinoma in mice, key moleculesβ-catenin and CyclinD1of miR-21 expressions and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway are positively correlated.

Objective To observe the effects of vitamin K3(VK3) on cell growth and apoptosis in the cell line SMMC-7721 of human liver cancer and the changes in expression of survivin gene.Methods The inhibitory effect of VK3 on SMMC-7721 cells was examined by CCK-8 (cell counting kit).Morphological evaluation of apoptosis was performed by Hoechst33342 staining.The amount of apoptotic cell was assayed by flowcytometry.The changes of survivin gene expression were detected by RT-PCR.Results The inhibitory rate of VK3 (at concentrations of 2,5,10,20,25 mmol/L for 48 h) on SMMC-7721 growth was 3.8%,50.1%,63.9%,78.5%,84.7% respectively.The cells in apoptosis were strongly stained by Hoechst33342 compared with the cells in control group.The apoptostic rate of cells was 33.28%,63.97%,77.69%,87.30% and 92.40%.Following exposure to VK3 at the concentration of 2,5,10,20 and 25 mmol/L for 48h,the survivin mRNA expression in SMMC-7721 was downregulated.Conclusion VK3 inhibits the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells and induce apoptosis.The mechanism may related to survivn gene.

Issues on basic medical English teaching,curriculum and the construction ne-cessity for teaching material were analyzed and discussed.The corresponding strategy toward these issues in our university and the progress we have made were reported.

Objective To explore the effect of using pedicle skin flaps for treatment of skin and soft tissue defects.Methods From January 2004 to September 2010,87 patients with skin and soft tissue injury which had been treated by using pedicle skin flaps without vessel anastomosis were retrospectively analyzed,including 61 males and 26 females with an average age of 40 years (range,14-61).The pedicle skin flaps selected were known vessel skin flaps or unknown vessel random skin flaps.The reconstruction treatment increased multiple selections of skin flaps for patients.Skin and soft tissue defects were located at the hand in 21 cases,at the lower extremities in 66.The kinds of skin flaps included adjacent transposition flaps in 50 cases,distal skin flaps in 37.The areas of the skin flaps were 2.0 cm×1.5 cm-18 cm×12 cm.Donor sites were as follows:lower leg in 61 cases,abdomen in 18,and hand in 8.Results Three patients appeared skin flaps hematoma after operation,which were removed immediately with no effect on flaps survival.Pedicle skin flap was compressed due to unstable fixation in 1 case,which made distal flap tissue necrosis approximately 2 cm in width.After dressing change for 6 weeks,the flaps got survival.Thirty seven patients underwent the second stage operation for breaking the perdicle 3 weeks after the first operation.All 87 patients were obtained follow-up for an average of 13 months (range,3-60).The total of 90.80％ patients treated with pedicle skin flaps were satisfied with the results.Conclusion Pedicle skin flap surgery can be performed more easily with less limitations of surgical designs.The survival rate of the flap is high,and the treatment of pedicle skin flaps could be well applied for soft tissue defects.

Objective To update the knowledge of contact allergy to topical corticosteroids.Methods A total Of 1,822 patients,who Sufiered from inflammatory skin disorders but did not respond well to topical corticosteroids,were enrolled into this study.Patch test was performed on these subjects with corticosteroid allergens,following the standardized rocedures ecommended by the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group(ICDRG).Results Of all patients,78(4.28%)had positive patch test.Among the 78 patients,33 were males,45 females,and most were young or middle-aged.During 96-168 hours after the removal of patches,positive results Were observed in 42.31%(33/78)of the patients.Twenty eight patients had anaphy lactic reaction induced by hydrocortisone butyrate,25 by dexamethasone sodium phosphate,and 17 by triam cinolone acetonide.A correlation Between sensitizing glucocorticoids detected by patch testing and adminis trated drugs in clinic was found in 74 cases.ConclusionsContact allergy caused by topical corticosteroids is not rare,and more attention should be paid to this issue in the treatment of inflammatory skin disorders.

Objective To investigate the expressions of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptors in keloid. Methods Serum and skin tissue specimens were collected from 20 patients with keloid, 20 patients with hyperplastic scar and 20 normal human controls. Fluorospectrophotometer was used to measure the serum level of AGEs, and immunohistochemistry and Western blotting to detect the expressions of AGEs and AGER in skin tissue specimens. Results The serum level of AGEs was (0.713 ± 0.098) AU/ml and (0.699 ± 0.077) AU/ml respectively in patients with keloid and those with hypertrophic scar, significantly higher than that in normal controls (0.179 ± 0.056 AU/ml, F = 283.82, P < 0.01 ). A positive expression of AGEs and AGER was observed in tissue specimens of keloid and hyperplastic scar, but not in the control specimens. As Western blotting showed, the expressions of AGEs and AGER were higher in tissue specimens of keloid and hyperplastic scar than in the control specimens (F = 18.04, 42.80, both P < 0.05), while no significant difference between keloid and hyperplastic scar tissue specimens was observed (P> 0.05). Conclusion There is a high expression of AGEs and AGER in keloid, which may contribute to the development of keloid.

BACKGROUND:Potassium channel is the main ion channel to regulate vascular smooth muscle contraction and relaxation, and closely related with vascular tone. However, the reports about the mechanism of potassium channels in the body’s aging process are rare. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of aging on the arterial ultrastructure and smooth muscle potassium channel reaction, and then to explore the possible mechanisms. METHODS:Sixteen healthy male Wistar rats were col ected, 19-month-old rats were assigned to the old group (n=8), 2-month-old rats were used as young group (n=8). The thoracic arteries were isolated and cut into rings to conduct contractility measurement in six rats of each group. The thoracic arteries were stimulated with specific calcium-activated potassium channel blocker tetraethylammonium, specific voltage-dependent potassium channel blocker 4-aminopyridine, specific ATP-sensitive potassium channel blocker glibenclamide, and specific inward rectifier potassium channel blocker BaCl 2 ultrastructure changes under electron microscope. , and then the arterial contractile response to the blockers were observed. The thoracic arteries of the remaining two rats in each group were taken to observe the arterial RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the young group, the ultrastructures of the thoracic aortic endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells were changed in the old group;KCI induced the maximum thoracic aortic contractile tension, and then recovered to the baseline tension, and the recovery time in the old group was significantly longer than that in the young group;al the four kinds of blockers could increase vascular tone, and the tetraethylammonium and 4-aminopyridine induced thoracic aortic contractile response in the old group was significantly lower than that in the young group;there was no significant difference in vasoconstriction induced by glibenclamide and BaCl 2 . Aging can induce arterial ultrastructure changes and declination of vasodilatation capacity, which may partly due to the decreasing of the potassium channels function in smooth muscle cells, especial y the calcium-activated potassium channel and inward rectifier potassium channel.

Bile duct injury is the most common complications of biliary surgery.With the development of tissue engineering,using artificial bile duct to treat the biliary tract disease has become the focus for the treatment of bile duct injury.This article summarizes the applications in clinical work and animal experiment of artificial bile ducts made of biological material,autologous tissue,non-absorbable polymer materials,as well as absorbable polymer materials in the clinical application and animal experiments.The advantageof each material is also discussed here.