Burnout, Professional ; psychology ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Midwifery ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits ; Social Identification

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, the underlying cause of which has not been cleared. Previous studies have shown that the pathogenesis of MS is related to the destruction of blood brain barrier, furthermore the drugs used to treat MS have a certain protective effect on the function of blood brain barrier. Therefore, this review combines the research progress at home and abroad to clarify the relationship between the blood brain barrier and MS in pathogenesis and treatment, proposing possible orientation of development.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the awareness of occupational low back pain and knowledge of related prevention and healthcare measures among midwives, and to determine the incidence of low back pain among them.

METHODSA questionnaire survey was carried out with the use of Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (Chinese version) (CRMDQ) among 244 midwives from second- and third-class hospitals in Tianjin, China. Related indices were statistically analyzed.

RESULTSAmong 244 midwives who participated in the survey, only 18.4% knew the definition of occupational low back pain, 28.3% knew the pathogenic mechanism, and 54.1% knew its harm. About 9.4%∼85.2% of midwives mastered at least one method for prevention and health care against occupational low back pain. Proper or improper use of human body mechanics was closely related to the development of occupational low back pain (P < 0.01). There was a high proportion of midwives with a demand for application of human body mechanics principle in operation, and the proportion was as high as 99.2%. All the 24 items in CRMDQ were scored, with the lowest score of 1, the highest score of 24, and an average score of 8.5 ± 7.2.

CONCLUSIONThe awareness rate of occupational low back pain was low among the 244 midwives in this study. The incidence of low back pain, which had influenced the health status and occupational practice, was high among them.

Adult ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Midwifery ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The awake prone position plays an important role in the treatment of hypoxemia and the improvement of respiratory distress symptoms in non-intubated patients. It is widely used in clinical practice because of its simple operation, safety, and economy. To enable clinical medical staff to scientifically and normatively implement prone position for awake patients without intubation, the committees of consensus formulation, guided by evidence-based methodology and Delphi method, conducted literature search, literature quality evaluation and evidence synthesis around seven topics, including indications and contraindications, evaluation, implementation, monitoring and safety management, termination time, complication prevention and health education of awake prone position. After two rounds of expert letter consultation, Expert consensus on implementation strategy of awake prone positioning for non-intubated patients in China (2023) was formulated, and provide guidance for clinical medical staff.
Humans ; Consensus ; Prone Position ; Wakefulness ; China ; Dyspnea