ObjectiveTo explore the characteristics of ecological niche and interspecific relationships of mosquitoes in different habitats in Dongcheng District, Beijing, and to provide a basis for mosquito ecological monitoring, control and the development or optimization of prevention and control strategies for related mosquito-borne diseases. MethodsFrom May to October 2023, the ecological monitoring in residential areas, parks, tourist attractions and medical institutions in Dongcheng District of Beijing was carried out using the carbon dioxide (CO₂) mosquito trapping method, and the ecological niche characteristics and interspecific relationships of mosquitoes in different habitats were analyzed using Levins ecological niche breadth index, Pinaka ecological niche overlap index and ecological niche similarity coefficients. ResultsThe temporal ecological niche of Culex pipiens pallens (10.62) was higher than that of Aedes albopictus (8.29) in different habitats in Dongcheng District of Beijing, and the temporal ecological niche overlap index of the two mosquitoes was as high as 0.87. The ecological niche breadth of Culex pipiens pallens was higher than that of Aedes albopictus in different monitoring habitats, and the order of the ecological niche breadth of Culex pipiens pallens in different monitoring habitats was, from high to low, as follows: residential areas (11.09) > tourist attractions (10.25) > medical institutions (9.15) > parks (9.07), while the ecological niche breadth of Aedes albopictus in different habitats was, in descending order, residential areas (8.56) > medical institutions (7.68) > parks (7.44) > tourist attractions (5.73). The results of niche overlap analysis showed that the overlap index between Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus was the largest in residential areas (0.86), as for in other habitats, which was, in descending order, parks (0.81) > medical institutions (0.68) > tourist attractions (0.60). Besides, the ecological similarity coefficients further verified that similarity coefficients, between the two mosquito species, were highest in residential areas (0.712), lowest in tourist attractions (0.497), and which were 0.675 in parks and 0.598 in medical institutions, respectively. ConclusionIn different monitoring habitats in Dongcheng District of Beijing, Culex albopictus pallens demonstrates a stronger spatio-temporal resource utilization ability than Aedes albopictus, and the two species exhibit more similar spatio-temporal resource utilization patterns in residential areas. Corresponding control strategies targeting the characteristics of ecological niches and interspecific relationships of these two mosquito species in different habitats should be developed to enhance the prevention and control effect.

The wrist joint is a highly mobile functional joint. Wrist conditions including traumatic and degenerative arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and giant cell tumors of the distal radius, cause significant pain and mobility impairment. In joint surgery, the decision to use joint prostheses to reconstruct joint function is greatly influenced by the characteristics of the prosthesis (Mok et al., 2016). However, traditional implants have limitations such as shape mismatch, inadequate implant-bone interface strength which causes loosening, and poor bone ingrowth (Zhang et al., 2014).
Humans ; Joint Prosthesis ; Wrist Joint/surgery* ; Prosthesis Design ; Arthroplasty, Replacement ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/surgery*

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a multi-system disease that can lead to various severe complications. Acute limb ischemia (ALI) has been increasingly recognized as a COVID-19-associated complication that often predicts a poor prognosis. However, the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms underlying COVID-19-associated ALI remain poorly understood. Hypercoagulability and thrombosis are considered important mechanisms, but we also emphasize the roles of vasospasm, hypoxia, and acidosis in the pathogenesis of the disease. The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) pathway, inflammation, and platelet activation may be important molecular mechanisms underlying these pathological changes induced by COVID-19. Furthermore, we discuss the hypotheses of risk factors for COVID-19-associated ALI from genetic, age, and gender perspectives based on our analysis of molecular mechanisms. Additionally, we summarize therapeutic approaches such as use of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) blocker tocilizumab, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, providing insights for the future treatment of coronavirus-associated limb ischemic diseases.
Humans ; COVID-19/physiopathology* ; Ischemia/etiology* ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Extremities/blood supply* ; Risk Factors ; Interleukin-6/antagonists & inhibitors* ; Acute Disease ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2

ObjectiveTo understand the epidemic characteristics of influenza in Beijing from 2023 to 2024, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza. MethodsData on influenza-like illness (ILI) from secondary level and above hospitals, etiology surveillance data, and influenza clusters outbreaks data from 2023‒2024 were used to analyze the epidemic trend and pathogenic characteristics of influenza. Furthermore, an influenza comprehensive index was used to categorize the epidemic intensity at the severity level. ResultsA total of 2 065 857 ILI cases were reported in 2023‒2024 epidemic season, and the percentage of ILI was 3.67%. The age group of 5‒14 years accounted for the highest proportion of ILI (30.48%). A total of 41 766 throat swabs from ILI were detected, with a positive rate of 17.28%.A (H3N2) (51.86%) and B Victoria (41.93%) were the most prevalent subtypes of influenza virus. Clustered influenza outbreaks occurred mainly in primary schools (57.78%) and middle schools (35.55%), mainly caused by the influenza A (H3N2) subtype (85.93%). According to the influenza comprehensive index (I), the period of influenza activity and above (I>0.5) lasted for a total of 37 weeks, accounting for 71.15% of the entire influenza season. ConclusionCompared with previous years, the epidemic level of influenza in Beijing was increased in 2023‒2024, and the peak time became earlier. The comprehensive index method can objectively evaluate the level of influenza epidemic and provide suggestions for the future prevention and control of influenza in Beijing.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of recombinant Schistosoma japonicum cystatin(rSj-Cys)against acute liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and D-GalN in mice.Methods Adult male C57BL/6J mice with or without LPS/D-GaIN-induced acute liver injury were given intraperitoneal injections of rSj-Cys or PBS 30 min after modeling(n=18),and serum and liver tissues samples were collected from 8 mice in each group 6 h after modeling.The survival of the remaining 10 mice in each group within 24 h was observed.Serum levels of ALT,AST,TNF-α and IL-6 of the mice were measured,and liver pathologies was observed with HE staining.The hepatic expressions of macrophage marker CD68,Bax,Bcl-2 and endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)-related proteins were detected using immunohistochemistry or immunoblotting,and TUNEL staining was used to detect hepatocyte apoptosis.Results The survival rates of PBS-and rSj-Cys-treated mouse models of acute liver injury were 30%and 80%at 12 h and were 10%and 60%at 24 h after modeling,respectively;no death occurred in the two control groups within 24 h.The mouse models showed significantly increased serum levels of AST,ALT,IL-6 and TNF-α and serious liver pathologies with increased hepatic expressions of CD68 and Bax,lowered expression of Bcl-2,increased hepatocyte apoptosis,and up-regulated expressions of ERS-related signaling pathway proteins GRP78,CHOP and NF-κB p-p65.Treatment of the mouse models significantly lowered the levels of AST,ALT,IL-6 and TNF-α,alleviated liver pathologies,reduced hepatic expressions of CD68,Bax,GRP78,CHOP and NF-κB p-p65,and enhanced the expression of Bcl-2.In the normal control mice,rSj-Cys injection did not produce any significant changes in these parameters compared with PBS.Conclusion rSj-Cys alleviates LPS/D-GalN-induced acute liver injury in mice by suppressing ERS,attenuating inflammation and inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis.

Simulation-based medical education（SBME）is an important model in international medical education.With the development of SBME domestically,various forms such as in-situ simulation,team simulation,interdisciplinary simulation,and hybrid simulation are gradually emerging.While post-graduate education and competency receive more attention,SBME has shown its value in areas including education and training,clinical thinking,assessment,and evaluation,as well as improving medical quality and patients safety,especially in the management of emergency and critical care crisis resources.However,the progress of pediatric SBME has been slow despite attracting significant attention within the field of pediatric critical care.The establishment of pediatric critical care skills simulation,scenario simulation,in-situ simulation and other training methods can not only enable clinicians to achieve“standardized operation” and “team collaboration”,but also promote“system transformation”,greatly improving the medical quality of pediatric critical care while ensuring patients safety.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of recombinant Schistosoma japonicum cystatin(rSj-Cys)against acute liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and D-GalN in mice.Methods Adult male C57BL/6J mice with or without LPS/D-GaIN-induced acute liver injury were given intraperitoneal injections of rSj-Cys or PBS 30 min after modeling(n=18),and serum and liver tissues samples were collected from 8 mice in each group 6 h after modeling.The survival of the remaining 10 mice in each group within 24 h was observed.Serum levels of ALT,AST,TNF-α and IL-6 of the mice were measured,and liver pathologies was observed with HE staining.The hepatic expressions of macrophage marker CD68,Bax,Bcl-2 and endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)-related proteins were detected using immunohistochemistry or immunoblotting,and TUNEL staining was used to detect hepatocyte apoptosis.Results The survival rates of PBS-and rSj-Cys-treated mouse models of acute liver injury were 30%and 80%at 12 h and were 10%and 60%at 24 h after modeling,respectively;no death occurred in the two control groups within 24 h.The mouse models showed significantly increased serum levels of AST,ALT,IL-6 and TNF-α and serious liver pathologies with increased hepatic expressions of CD68 and Bax,lowered expression of Bcl-2,increased hepatocyte apoptosis,and up-regulated expressions of ERS-related signaling pathway proteins GRP78,CHOP and NF-κB p-p65.Treatment of the mouse models significantly lowered the levels of AST,ALT,IL-6 and TNF-α,alleviated liver pathologies,reduced hepatic expressions of CD68,Bax,GRP78,CHOP and NF-κB p-p65,and enhanced the expression of Bcl-2.In the normal control mice,rSj-Cys injection did not produce any significant changes in these parameters compared with PBS.Conclusion rSj-Cys alleviates LPS/D-GalN-induced acute liver injury in mice by suppressing ERS,attenuating inflammation and inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis.

Objective:To explore the influence of head nurse empowerment on nurses′ voice behavior and the mediating and moderating effects of nurses′ job crafting and proactive personality.Methods:A total of 805 nurses from the 4 grade A hospitals in Shandong province from February to March 2022 were selected by convenience sampling method, the Nurse Managers′ Empowering Behavioral Scale For Staff Nurses, Job Crafting Scale, Voice Behavior Scale and Proactive Personality Scale were used for cross-sectional survey. The mediating effect was analyzed by SPSS 26.0 and Process 3.4 macro.Results:The total score of nurses′ perception of head nurse empowerment was (4.01 ± 0.57) points, the total score of nurses′ job crafting was (4.19 ± 0.66) points, the total score of nurses′ voice behavior was (4.12 ± 0.62) points, and the total score of nurses′ proactive personality was (6.07 ± 0.90) points. Head nurse empowerment, nurse job crafting, voice behavior and proactive personality were positively correlated with each other ( r values were 0.483-0.824, all P<0.01). The mediating effect of job crafting was 0.541, accounting for 86.4% of the total effect; proactive personality had a positive moderating effect on the first half path of the mediation model ( ? R 2=0.163, P<0.01). Conclusions:Head nurse empowerment influenced voice behavior of nurses directly and indirectly through the mediating role of job crafting, proactive personality can moderate the effect of head nurse empowerment on nurse job crafting. It is suggested that the head nurse appropriately delegate power to the nurses and actively authorize them, identify nurses with high proactive personality, stimulate their job remodeling and voice behavior, and improve the quality of nursing work.

Virtual reality (VR) is a technology, which can simulate human vision, touch, hearing and other sensory functions, and it synthesizes a computer-generated 3D world to provide immersive experiences.VR technology has the characteristics of interactivity, immersion and imagination, and its application in medical education and simulation training improves the quality and efficiency of learning.At the same time, VR technology also plays a certain role in clinical treatment such as surgery, rehabilitation, psychology, sedation and analgesia.With the development of VR technology, its application in pediatric medicine field is expected to solve some difficulties of pediatric practitioners.For example, the application of virtual standard patient in pediatric training, and VR technology relieving pain and anxiety.

Objective:To explore the effect of bifidobacterium triple viable enteric coated capsule combined with pentoxifylline on renal function and prognosis in elderly patients with early diabetic nephropathy.Methods:The clinical data of 110 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with early diabetes nephropathy in Hebei Eighth People′s Hospital from May 2020 to May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were given routine dietary control, exercise therapy and insulin therapy. On this basis, 55 patients were treated with pentoxifylline (control group), and 55 patients were treated with bifidobacterium triple viable enteric coated capsule combined with pentoxifylline (study group). The efficacy 3 months after treatment was evaluated, and the adverse reactions were record. Before treatment and after 1 and 3 months of treatment, the blood glucose indexes (including fasting blood glucose, FBG; 2 h postprandial blood glucose, 2 h PBG; insulin sensitivity index, Matsuda index), renal function indexes (including urea nitrogen; creatinine; urinary microalbumin excretion rate, UAER), intestinal flora amount (including bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, enterococcus and escherichia coli) and inflammatory response stress indexes (including interleukin-6, IL-6; transforming growth factor β 1, TGF-β 1; malondialdehyde; reactive oxygen species) were measured. Results:Three months after treatment, the total effective rate in study group was significantly higher than that in control group: 94.55% (52/55) vs. 81.82% (45/55), and there was statistical difference ( χ2 = 4.27, P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between study group and control group: 3.64% (2/55) vs. 10.91% (6/55), χ2 = 1.21, P>0.05. There were no statistical differences in all indexes before treatment between study group and control group ( P>0.05). The FBG and 2 h PBG after 1 and 3 months of treatment in study group were significantly lower than those in control group; while the Matsuda index was significantly higher than that in control group, with statistical differences ( P<0.01). The creatinine, urea nitrogen and UAER after 1 and 3 months of treatment in study group were significantly lower than those in control group, with statistical differences ( P<0.01). The amounts of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus after 1 and 3 months of treatment in study group were significantly higher than those in control group, while the amounts of enterococcus and escherichia coli were significantly lower than those in control group, with statistical differences ( P<0.01 or <0.05). The IL-6, TGF-β 1, malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species after 1 and 3 months of treatment in study group were significantly lower than those in control group, with statistical differences ( P<0.01). Conclusions:Bifidobacterium triple viable enteric coated capsule combined with pentoxifylline is effective and safe in elderly patients with early diabetes nephropathy in the. It can effectively control blood sugar level and improve renal function, which may be related to regulating intestinal flora and inhibiting inflammatory reaction stress state.