Objective:To systematically review the effect of preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation on postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with lung cancer.Methods:The randomized controlled trials of preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation for lung cancer published in the past 10 years were retrieved in China Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, WanFang Data, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Wiley Online Library. The search limit was from January 1, 2010 to January 1, 2021. The quality evaluation and data extraction of the included article were carried out, and the Meta-analysis of the outcome indicators of postoperative pulmonary complications was conducted.Results:A total of 12 articles were included. Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant [ RR=0.42, 95% CI (0.32, 0.55) , P<0.01]. Subgroup analysis was performed according to the duration of intervention, and the results showed that when the intervention duration was one week, the difference between the intervention group and the control group was statistically significant [ RR=0.36, 95% CI (0.24, 0.55) , P<0.01], when the intervention duration was more than one week, the difference between the intervention group and the control group was statistically significant [ RR=0.48, 95% CI (0.33, 0.68) , P<0.01) ]. Subgroup analysis was conducted with different evaluation time after operation, and the results showed that when the evaluation time was one month, the difference between the intervention group and the control group was statistically significant [ RR=0.48, 95% CI (0.34, 0.68) , P<0.01], when the evaluation time was more than one month, there was no significant difference between the intervention group and the control group [ RR=0.39, 95% CI (0.08, 1.85) , P=0.24]. Except for pneumonia or pulmonary infection, atelectasis, and bronchopleural fistula, there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with lung cancer ( P>0.05) . Conclusions:Exercise that includes breathing training for at least one week is a common intervention for preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation. Preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation is beneficial to reduce the overall and one month postoperative pulmonary complications after lung cancer surgery, but the impact on postoperative pulmonary complications evaluated for more than one month and specific complications requires further study.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are membrane receptors whose agonist-induced dynamic conformational changes trigger heterotrimeric G protein activation, followed by GRK-mediated phosphorylation and arrestin-mediated desensitization. Cytosolic regions of GPCRs have been studied extensively because they are direct contact sites with G proteins, GRKs, and arrestins. Among various cytosolic regions, the role of helix 8 is least understood, although a few studies have suggested that it is involved in G protein activation, receptor localization, and/or internalization. In the present study, we investigated the role of helix 8 in dopamine receptor signaling focusing on dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) and dopamine D2 receptor (D2R). D1R couples exclusively to Gs, whereas D2R couples exclusively to Gi. Bioinformatic analysis implied that the sequences of helix 8 may affect GPCR-G protein coupling selectivity; therefore, we evaluated if swapping helix 8 between D1R and D2R changed G protein selectivity. Our results suggest that helix 8 is not involved in D1R-Gs or D2R-Gi coupling selectivity. Instead, we observed that D1R with D2R helix 8 or D1R with an increased number of hydrophobic residues in helix 8 relative to wild-type showed diminished β-arrestin-mediated desensitization, resulting in increased Gs signaling.
Arrestin ; Arrestins ; Computational Biology ; Cytosol ; Dopamine ; Family Characteristics ; GTP-Binding Proteins ; Membranes ; Phosphorylation ; Receptors, Dopamine D1 ; Receptors, Dopamine D2 ; Receptors, Dopamine