OBJECTIVE:To compare the pharmacodynamics of active parts in crude Atractylodes lancea and A. lancea fired with bran. METHODS:170 rats were randomly divided into 17 groups,including blank control group,spleen and stomach damp obstruction model group,volatile oil of crude A. lancea and A. lancea fired with bran high-dose and low-dose(0.747,0.083 mg/ml by the concentration of crude medicinal materials,similarly hereinafter)groups,solvent control 2% polysorbate 80 group,dichlo-romethane extract of crude A. lancea and A. lancea fired with bran high-dose and low-dose groups,solvent control 1‰ polysorbate 80 group,n-butyl alcohol extract of crude A. lancea and A. lancea fired with bran high-dose and low-dose groups,solvent control stomach damp obstruction model distilled water control group. Except blank control group,other 16 groups were given Sennae foli-um decoction ig for 14 d to induce spleen and stomach damp obstruction model,and then received relevant medicine or solvent ig once a day for consecutive 7 d. Body weight of rats were determined before and after medication,and the serum levels of amylase, D-xylose,gastrin,vasoactive intestinal peptide and NO were determined after medication. RESULTS:Compared with spleen and stomach damp obstruction model group,the body weight and serum levels of gastrin,amylase and D-xylose increased significantly in rats of active part in A. lancea fired with bran groups(P<0.05),while vasoactive intestinal peptide and NO decreased signifi-cantly(P<0.05). Compared active part in crude A. lancea group,except the body weight,above indicators of active part in A. lan-cea fired with bran groups had greater change,with statistical significance (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:There are pharmacody-namic differences in the active parts between crude A. lancea and A. lancea fired with bran,the latter one is stronger.

Objective To investigate and analyze the usage of expensive outpatient prescriptions in different hospitals in Longgang area,Shenzhen,and to discuss and provide reference for the rational usage of expensive pre-scriptions.Methods Two primary hospitals,two secondary hospitals and one tertiary hospital in the Longgang area, Shenzhen,were chosen as the research targets.The expensive outpatient prescriptions,defined as the amount of pre-scription was over 150,200 and 300 yuan for primary,secondary and tertiary hospital respectively,were randomly selected and evaluated using international standards for the rational use of drugs.Results The average prescription items for primary,secondary and tertiary hospitals were 2.96,2.61 and 2.61.The largest proportions of prescription costs were 150 to 200 yuan,200 to 250 yuan and 300 to 350 yuan,which were respectively accounted for 49.6%, 56.6% and 37.7%.The frequency of using proprietary Chinese medicine,was 60.08%,68.18% and 41.62%respectively,which was not reasonable.The clinical diagnosis for the prescriptions of primary and secondary hospitals was mainly composed of trauma,bronchitis and vaginitis.The usage of drugs was not reasonable about the use of anti-biotics and infusion.In addition,the clinical diagnosis for the prescription of tertiary hospital was mainly diabetes, hypertension and cerebral infarction,where the abuse of using large dose of adjuvant drug was observed.Conclusion The frequency of using proprietary Chinese medicine is higher at all levels of hospital.In order to reduce the propor-tion of expensive prescription,the medicine institution should establish a sound system for drug use management and strengthen supervision and verification for western medicine physicians using proprietary Chinese medicine in their prescription.Furthermore,we should intervene and restrict the abuse usage of the adjuvant medicine.

OBJECTIVETo assess the association of programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1) gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility and/or progression of colorectal cancer.

METHODSA hospital-based case-control study was carried out, which recruited 426 colorectal cancer patients and 500 healthy individuals. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms, namely rs36084323, rs11568821, rs2227981, rs2227982 and rs10204525, were selected for the study and genotyped with a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay.

RESULTSThe G allele of rs36084323 under a dominant model was associated with increased risk of advanced TNM staging of colorectal cancer progression (OR=1.59, 95%CI=1.02-2.48). Haplotypes G-G-C-T-A and A-G-C-C-G of the rs36084323, rs11568821, rs2227981, rs2227982, and rs10204525 were negatively associated with the occurrence of colorectal cancer.

CONCLUSIONThe G allele of rs36084323 is associated with increased risk of advanced TNM staging of colorectal cancer. Conversely, the incidence of colorectal cancer is negatively associated with the haplotypes G-G-C-T-A and A-G-C-C-G of rs36084323, rs11568821, rs2227981, rs2227982, and rs10204525.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; ethnology ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor ; genetics

【Objective】 To investigate the effect of multiple apheresis platelet donation on platelet indexes and aggregation function in platelet donors, and to analyze the relationship between platelet indexes and their relationship with platelet aggregation rate. 【Methods】 A total of 83 platelet donors were randomly selected from Foshan Central Blood Station from September 2021 to October 2022, and were divided into control group (n= 9, first-time platelet donors or donors with the time interval from the last platelet donation >1 year) and study group (n= 74, repeat platelet donors or donors with the time interval from the last platelet donation ≤ 1 year) according to the times of blood donation. The study group was divided into 4 subgroups: 2-5 times group, 6-10 times group, 11-15 times group and 16 times group. The platelet count(Plt), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), large platelet ratio (P-LCR), and maximum platelet aggregation rate (MAR) before donation in each group were detected and analyzed. 【Results】 There were no significant differences in Plt, MPV, PDW, P-LCR and MAR between the subgroups and the control group (P>0.05), and there were no significant differences in Plt, MPV, PDW, P-LCR and MAR between each subgroup (P>0.05) .There was a positive correlation between Plt and MAR in blood donors (P<0.05), and the correlation coefficient was 0.445. MPV, PDW and P-LCR were negatively correlated with MAR (P<0.05), and the correlation coefficients were -0.282, -0.233 and -0.217, respectively. Plt was negatively correlated with MPV, PDW and P-LCR (P < 0. 05), and the correlation coefficients were -0.399, -0.307 and -0.339, respectively. MPV, PDW and P-LCR are positively correlated with each other. The correlation coefficient between MPV and PDW was 0.792, that between MPV and P-LCR was 0.863, and tthat between PDW and P-LCR was 0.817. 【Conclusion】 There was no significant effect of multiple platelet donations on Plt, PDW, MPV, P-LCR and MAR in blood donors. Plt has the most significant impact on MAR among platelet indexes of platelet donors.

Tumor-targeted immunotherapy is a remarkable breakthrough, offering the inimitable advantage of specific tumoricidal effects with reduced immune-associated cytotoxicity. However, existing platforms suffer from low efficacy, inability to induce strong immunogenic cell death (ICD), and restrained capacity of transforming immune-deserted tumors into immune-cultivated ones. Here, an innovative platform, perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB) nanoemulsions holding MnO₂ nanoparticles (MBP), was developed to orchestrate cancer immunotherapy, serving as a theranostic nanoagent for MRI/CT dual-modality imaging and advanced ICD. By simultaneously depleting the GSH and eliciting the ICD effect via high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy, the MBP nanomedicine can regulate the tumor immune microenvironment by inducing maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and facilitating the activation of CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ T cells. The synergistic GSH depletion and HIFU ablation also amplify the inhibition of tumor growth and lung metastasis. Together, these findings inaugurate a new strategy of tumor-targeted immunotherapy, realizing a novel therapeutics paradigm with great clinical significance.