OBJECTIVE To approach pathogens and precaution strategy of nosocomial pneumonia in patients with myasthenia gravis.METHODS Forty cases of myasthenia gravis from Jan 2003 to Dec 2006 in a certain hospital were involved in the retrospective review.Patients with myasthenia gravis and nosocomial pneumonia were selected out in accordance with diagnostic criteria of nosocomial pneumonia.Risk factors and pathogens of infection were analyzed.Precaution strategy was formulated.RESULTS There were 26 patients with nosocomial pneumonia among 40 cases of myasthenia gravis.Pathogens isolated from sputum culture were all drug resistant strains.Gram-negative bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,etc were the most,accounted for 51.85%(84 strains).The next was Gram-positive bacteria,accounted for 33.33%(54 strains).Fungi ranked the third,accounted for 14.81%(24 strains).CONCLUSIONS Precaution and cure measurement should be adopted to prevent and control the occurrence of nosocomial pneumonia in patients with myasthenia gravis.

Objective To evaluate the open-set auditory speech perception abilities, to characterize the auditory speech development of children with cochlear implants.Methods 27 congenitally deafened children with cochlear implants were evaluated with Mandarin monosyllable and disyllable lexical neighborhood test(M-LNT-Monosyllable & M-LNT-Disyllable) and Mandarin hearing in noise test for children(MHINT-C) according to the order from M-MLNT easy test,M-MLNT hard test, M-LNT easy test ,M-LNT hard test, MHINT-C quiet condition, MHINT-C noise front condition, MHINT-C noise non-implant side condition to MHINT-C noise implant side condition in sound field.Results 27 CI children have completed M-LNT/M-MLNT, 9 of them could be tested in quiet condition with MHINT, and 7 could be tested in noise with MHINT. There were significant differences between scores of easy and hard words lists of M-LNT and M-MLNT(P

Background and purpose: Plumbagin is the main active components of traditional Chinese medicine of plumbago zeylanica. The present studies show that plumbagin has a killing effect on tumor cells. This study aimed to investigate the function and primary mechanism of plumbagin on invasion and metastasis of human liver cancer SK-hep-1 cells. Methods:With the treatment of plumbagin in vitro, cell proliferation and adhesion of SK-hep-1 cells were detected by MTS staining, cell cycle of SK-hep-1 cells were detected by lfow cytometry, the self-renewal and propagation abilities of SK-Hep-1 cells were conducted by colony formation assay , invasion in cells were performed using transwell invasion assay, and the p21 and MMP-2/9 mRNA levels were detected by real-time RT-PCR. Results:With the treatment of plumbagin, SK-Hep-1 cells proliferation was decreased with plumbagin concentration-dependency and the IC50 value of plumbagin in SK-Hep-1 cells was 22.04 mmol/L. The colony formation ability of SK-Hep-1 cells was decreased and the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase was increased in a dose-dependent manner, as compared to control. The cell adhesion and invasion abilities were decreased. The real-time RT-PCR showed that p21 mRNA expression was increased and the MMP-2/9 mRNA was decreased. Conclusion:Plumbagin could suppress the proliferation and invasiveness of human liver cancer SK-hep-1 cells in vitro, and these effects may be by up-regulation of p21 and down-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9.

The level of serum fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was determined by ELISA.The results showed that serum FGF-21 level in these patients was higher than that in type 2 diabetic patients [(266.55 ± 21.24 vs 220.32 ± 22.68) ng/L,P＜ 0.01].Serum FGF-21 levels in both groups were significantly higher than that in normal control group [(173.52 ± 16.18) ng/L,P＜0.01].Serum FGF-21 level was positively correlated with waist circumference,blood glucose,and triglyceride.FGF-21 may contribute to the development of NAFLD in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective To research whether double antiplatelet drug combined with pantoprazole can reduce digestive tract damage,or aggravate cardiovascular system side effect.Methods 270 patients diagnosed as ischemic stroke received double antiplatelet drug were randomly divided into two groups.The treatment group received panto-prazole,the control group did not took any gastric drug.The side effect of the digestive and cardiovascular system was observed.Results 268 patients were followed up for 90 days,and digestive system side effect of the treatment group (136 cases)included indigestion in 26 cases(19.11%),stool occult blood(+)in 11 cases(8.08%),melena in 8 cases(5.89%),hematemesis in 0 case,and the control group (132 cases)included indigestion in 42 cases (31.82%),stool occult blood(+)in 23 cases(17.42%),melena in 19 cases(14.39%),hematemesis in 4 cases. There were significant differences between the two groups(χ2 =6.66,4.56,11.2 and 4.18,all P <0.05).Cardiovas-cular system side effect of the treatment group included palpitation or chest distress or chest pain in 4 cases (3.68%),myocardial ischemia diagnosed by electrocardiogram in 4 cases(2.94%),myocardial infarction and died of cardiovascular disease in 0 case,and the control group included palpitation or chest distress or chest pain in 4 cases (3.00%),myocardial ischemia diagnosed by electrocardiogram in 3 cases(2.27%),myocardial infarction and died of cardiovascular disease in 0 case.There were no statistical differences between the two groups(χ2 =6.66 and 4.56, both P >0.05 ).Conclusion Double antiplatelet drug combined with pantoprazole had a positive significance in reducing the digestive tract damage of ischemic stroke patients,and didn't increase the incidence of cardiovascular sys-tem side effect.

Objective Looking into the causes of self-regeneration obstacle of the wild Phellodendron amurense population in order to provide the reference for the sutdy of the germination mechanism. MethodsThe germination and seedling growth were observed by taking cabbage, wheat, and P. amurense as the tested objects and the sarcocarp and seed of P. amurense were extracted by alcohol and ethyl ether. Results The extract in sarcocarp and seed of P. amurense could decrease the germination rate of cabbage, wheat, and P. amurense seed, also inhibit the seedling growth in different levels. The inhibitory effect was getting stronger and stronger following the concentration increased. The ethyl ether extract showed the best inhibitory effect, while the water extract had no significant effect. The embryo, emdosperm, and cotyledon of P. amurense were extracted by distilled water, and among them the cotyledon had the strongest inhibition. Conclusion There are some substances with the better inhibitory effect in the sarcocarp and seed of P. amurense, which can inhibit the growth of itself and other plants significantly. The substance with the inhibitory effect exits mainly in cotyledon.

Objective To explore the difference of sleep quality and the influencing factors in ketamine dependent subjects and methamphetamine dependent subjects.Methods 60 ketamine dependent subjects and 60 methamphetamine dependent subjects with Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI),self-rating depression scale (SDS),self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) were tested.Results Methamphetamine dependent subjects was significantly more likely to elicit poor sleep quality than ketamine dependent subjects (P =0.022).The sleep quality of ketamine dependent subjects had a positive correlation with anxiety(P =0.015),depression(P =0.038),the onset age (P =0.029),and the dose of ketamine use in the last three months (P =0.048),while the sleep quality of methamphetamine dependent subjects had a positive correlation with the total time of ketamine use (P =0.038),anxiety (P =0.041),the dose of ketamine use in the last three months (P =0.011).Conclusion Methamphetamine dependent subjects are prone to a more serious poor sleep quality than ketamine dependent subjects.

Objective: To explore the effects of fosinopril on oxidative stress and vascular function in experimental rats with spontaneous hypertension. Methods: The rats were divided into 3 groups: Control group, with normal healthy rats (n=15), Spontaneous hypertension (SH) group (n=15), SH rats received intragastric administration of normal saline and Treatment group (n=15), SH rats received intragastric administration of fosinopril 10mg/(kg?d). All animals were treated for 7 weeks. Caudal artery systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured at each week. blood levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), reactive oxygen species (ROS), malonaldehyde (MDA) and NO2-/NO3- were determined in different groups respectively after 7 weeks. Moreover, thoracic aorta was taken to examine its diastolic reactive rate by acetylcholine (Ach)/sodium nitroprusside (SNP) induction. Results: From the 1st week until the end of experiment, compared with SH group, Treatment group had decreased SBP,P<0.05. With 7 weeks treatment, compared with Control group, SH group had decreased SOD activity, while increased protein levels of MDA and ROS, allP<0.05; compared with SH group, Treatment group showed elevated SOD activity (P=0.010), while reduced protein levels of MDA (P=0.021) and ROS (P=0.009). Compared with Control group, SH group had the lower content of NO2-/NO3-(P<0.001); both SH group and Treatment group had decreased diastolic rates by Ach/SNP induction,P<0.05. Compared with SH group, Treatment group presented the higher content of NO2-/NO3- and higher diastolic rate by Ach induction, allP<0.001. Conclusion: Fosinopril could improve vascular diastolic function via anti-oxidative stress in experimental SH rats, which might be one of its anti-hypertensive mechanisms.

Objective To investigate the effects of 14-3-3 phosphorylation (p-14-3-3) induced by C-Jun N-termi-nal kinase (JNK) on ischemic brain injury in rats. Methods Twenty rats were divided into 4 groups:sham operation group, ischemia-reperfusion group, SP600125 group and solvent control group. The rat model of cerebral ischemia was established. The p-14-3-3, the binding of 14-3-3 and Bax and the protein expression of Bax in cytoplasm and mitochondria in hippo-campal CA1 region were detected by immunoprecipitation (IP) and immunoblotting 12-hour after ischemia-reperfusion in four groups. Results Compared with the sham operation group, protein expression levels of p-14-3-3 in cytoplasm and Bax in mitochondria were significantly increased, the binding of 14-3-3 and Bax was significantly decreased in ischemia-re-perfusion group, solvent control group and SP600125 group. The protein expressions of p-14-3-3 and Bax were significantly lower in SP600125 group than those of ischemia-reperfusion group and solvent control group. The binding of 14-3-3 and Bax was significantly higher in SP600125 group than that of ischemia-reperfusion group and solvent control group (P <0.05). Conclusion 14-3-3 phosphorylation induced by JNK plays important effects on ischemic brain injury in rats.

Objective:To artificially design and express a recombinant protein named as ScFv-pLLO by fusing ScFv gene of Rituximab(C2B8)and dominant antigen epitopes from listeriolysin O(LLO),and studying its anti-tumor activity.Methods:VH and VL gene sequences of C2B8 against CD20 were acquired by searching United States Patent database,and ScFv sequence was constructed by linking VL and VH with a short peptide linker.Two CD4+T cell epitopes from LLO were selected and designed to splice ScFv sequence.The recombinant gene of ScFv-pLLO was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector and purified after induction.The capacity of ScFv-pLLO target-binding to B-cell lymphomas was evaluated by flow cytometry ( FCM ) and co-immunoprecipitation ( Co-IP ) .The effects of ScFv-pLLO on B-cell lymphomas proliferation and apoptosis were detected respectively.The immunogenicity of ScFv-pLLO was assessed by lymphocyte proliferation assay.Results: ScFv-pLLO was successfully expressed.It could bind to different B-cell lymphomas cell lines and obviously inhibit the growth of Raji cells as well as inducing apoptosis.Moreover,ScFv-pLLO was able to stimulate proliferation of spleen lymphocytes of immunized mice.Conclusion: The recombinant protein ScFv-pLLO can target-bind to B-cell lymphomas,and perform inhibitory effect and induce apoptosis on Raji cells that indicate ScFv-pLLO retain the capacity of ScFv derived from monoclonal antibody against CD20.Besides, ScFv-pLLO can induce immune response.This study provides a basis for further research about the role of ScFv-pLLO on simulating tumor cell antigens as well as being tumor vaccine adjuvant.