Most solid materials in nature consist of minerals, they are ubiquitous on the surface of the earth. After inhaled in body, they will trigger pulmonary disease. The pathogenesis of mineral dusts is always in the way of disputing and consummating. Researcher should pay great attention to the adverse effect of mineral dust in nonprofessional environment. The biological action of mineral surface is an important aspect to discover mineral dust interface function and molecular toxicological mechanism. At present, the superfine mineral dust and nanometer suspending dust are the important components of dust environment safety assessment.

Objective To study the change of pancreatic hemocirculation in patients with acute pancreatitis by magnetic resonance perfusion (MRP) and to explore its relationship with pancreatic severity. Methods With a prospective investigation method, APACHEⅡscores, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) scores, Binder scores and C-reactive protein (CRP) values were recorded within 72 h in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP,n=15) and mild acute pancreatitis (MAP,n=17), while other 19 volunteers were as controls. MRP were performed on 32 patients and 19 controls. Patients in SAP group were evaluated by above criteria after two-weeks treatment and MRP were performed in 12 of them. All cases with bolus injection of Gd-DTPA (0.2 mol/kg) were scanned by transversal same slice and fast spoil phase gradient echo. Three groups datum of MIR and MSR were gained by ROI time-signal graphy of pancreatic head, body and trail which were calculated by Perfxproject software. Results ① The rates of MIR and MSR in SAP group were lower than MAP group (P0.05).Conclusion MRP is an objective imaging technique, which can reflect the hemocirculatory variety in acute pancrea-titis.It may have a considerable value in evaluating the severity of acute pancratitis.

Objective To study the relationship between chemical composition of urinary stones and metabolic disturbance. Methods 284 urinary stone patients who had undergone analysis of stone composition were evaluated;of them 191 patients had entire blood biochemistry results and 24-h urine analysis results.The relationship between stone composition and metabolic disturbance was analyzed using ?2 test. Results Calcium oxalate stones were found in 195 cases (68.7%),infection stones in 41 cases ( 14.4%),uric stones in 38 cases (13.4%),phosphate stones in 6 cases (2.1%) and cystine stones in 4 cases (1.4%).Metabolic disturbance was found in 176 (92.1%) of 191 patients with entire blood biochemistry results and 24-h urine analysis results.Among the 176 patients,hypercalciuria occurred in 27 cases (14.1%),hyperuricosuria in 54 cases (28.3%),hyperoxluria in 41 cases (21.5%),hyperphophauria in 55 cases (28.8%),hypocitraturia in 128 cases (67.0%),hypomagnesiuria in 80 cases (41.9%),24-h urine volume

Objective The diagnosis and treatment of renal angiomyolipoma were studied. Methods A total of 72 cases of renal angiomyolipoma encountered and treated from Jan. 1983 to Dec. 1999 were reviewed. Results Of the 72 cases, 13 were misdiagnosed preoperatively.The positive diagnosis rate of ultrasonography was 73.6%(53/72) and that of CT 81.9%(59/72).10 cases( 13.9 %) had been misdiagnosed preoperatively with the combined use of ultrasonography and CT.Tumors smaller than 4 cm had a significantly higher misdiagnosis rate( P

Fifty children with refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (RITP) were treated with rituximab (n =26) or vincristine (n =24).The response rate,adverse reaction and recurrence rate in two groups were compared.The CD19 +/CD20 + B cells in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry in 26 patients before and after RITP treatment.The response rates of rituximab group was significantly higher than that of vincristine group ( 69.2％ vs. 37.5％,x2 =9.74,P ＜ 0.01 ). There was no significant difference in the rate of adverse reaction between two groups ( 11.5％ vs.8.3％,x2 =0.62,P ＞ 0.05 ).The recurrence rate of rituximab group ( 22.2％ ) was significantly lower than that of vincristine group (55.6％,x2 =7.24,P ＜ 0.05 ).In rituximab group the platelet count after treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment ( t =12.48,P ＜0.01 ),and the ratio of CD19 +/CD20 + B cells decreased significantly after treatment compare to that before treatment ( t =6.71,P ＜0.05 ).Rituximab is effective in treatment of refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in children,which may be associated with decreased B cells in peripheral bloos.

Objective To evaluate the application of modified Abbe flap in repairing moderate defects of the upper lip and time point to divide the pedicle.Methods Classic Abbe flap was modified in its design,pedicle cutting and dividing time,which was used to repair moderate defect of the upper lip in 12 cases.Surgery was divided into two phases:one with modified Abbe flap surgery was performed for the combined nasal deformity repair simultaneously,and then the pedicle was divided 9days after surgery.Results 12 patients underwent modified Abbe flap.No vascular complications were found in these flaps.Upper lip shape was well and satisfactory functional recovery,corresponding improvement in nasal appearance.Conclusions The surgery that the modified Abbe flap with the pedicle is divided 9 days after surgery is very simple.On one hand,it greatly improves the patient's appearance and function of the upper lip,improve the overall shape of midface,on the other hand,dividing pedicle time is significantly shorter than in the past,specially reducing the suffering of patients and duration.It is particularly suitable for unilateral and bilateral cleft lip of the upper lip on secondary moderate deformities and combined nasal deformities.

Objective To explore the prevalence and the relative factors of the overweight and the obese in a population of Gansu Province pre-pregnancy women.and the effects of pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI) on gestational weight gain and pregnant outcome.Methods We conducted a populationbased birth cohort study in Gansu Province Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from February,2010 to December,2011.Single live term birth women who have complete anthropometry were enrolled this study.They were categorized into four BMI groups according to World Health Organization's BMI recommendations for Asian populations.We explored the prevalence and the relative factors of the overweight and the obese,and the effects of pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index on gestational weight gain and birth outcomes by Chi-square test,analysis of variance.Results A total of 6 400 cases included in this study.The BMI range is from 13.3 to 38.1,the average BMI is (20.6 ±2.7).Among 6 400 cases,636 cases(9.9％) and 416 cases (6.5％) were overweight and obese.The average age (unit:years) is increase gradually in low weight group (27.8±3.8),normal group (29.1 ±4.3),overweight group (30.3 ±4.7) and obese group (30.6±4.6),the difference was statistically significant (F=77.490,P＜0.01).The result prompt that the median BMI increased with the increasing of maternal age (r=0.18,P＜0.01).The BMI of multiparous women (21.22 ±2.63) is higher than nulliparous women (20.43 ± 2.64),the difference was statistically significant (t=-9.630,P＜0.01).The BMI has negatively correlated with education level and economic income level (r=-0.06,P＜0.01; r=-0.04,P=0.036).With the increase of BMI,the weight gain of early (13 weeks) pregnancy (F=8.892,P＜ 0.01) and the total weight gain during whole pregnancy (F=21.700,P＜ 0.01) gradually reduced in four groups.The neonatal birth weight in overweight group is largest,in turn higher than obesity group,normal group and low weight group,the difference was statistically significant (F=11.261,P＜0.01).With increasing BMI,the incidence of pre eclampsia (x2=85.758,P＜0.05),gestational diabetes mellitus (x2=58.913,P＜0.05),postpartum hemorrhage (x2=13.501,P＜0.05),neonatal hypoglycemia (x2=6.563,P＜0.05) and neonatal pulmonary hyaline membrane (x2=9.579,P＜0.05) was increased.The incidence of caesarean section (x2=125.442,P＜0.05),macrosomia (x2=62.963,P＜0.05) and birth defects (x2=9.087,P＜0.05) also increased.The incidence of abnormal umbilical cord in overweight group is highest,in turn higher than normal group,low weight group,and the obesity group (x2=15.82g,P=0.001).The incidence of neonatal electrolyte disorder in obesity group was higher than low weight group,normal group,and the overweight group (x2=12.092,P=0.007).The incidence of preterm birth in overweight group is highest,in turn higher than obesity group,normal group and the low weight group (x2=7.865,P=0.049).Compared with the normal group,the risk of caesarean section (OR=l.700,95％ CI:1.325-2.181),pre-eclampsia (OR=2.436,95％ CI:1.578-3.761),gestational diabetes (OR=3.182,95％ CI:1.049-9.653) and abnormal umbilical cord (OR=2.252,95％ CI:1.267-4.004) in overweight group was increased.the risk of pre eclampsia (OR=2.585,95％ CI:1.020-6.914),macrosomia (OR=2.484,95％ CI:1.017 6.070),neonatal electrolyte disorder (OR=4.430,95％ CI:1.290-t5.217) in obesity group was increased.Conclusions The median BMI before pregnancy increased with increasing maternal age,parity,but decreased with education level and income level.The weight gain of early (13 weeks) pregnancy and the total weight gain during whole pregnancy decreased with increasing BMI.Overweight and obesity before pregnancy increased the risk the caesarean section,preeclampsia,gestational diabetes,macrosomia and neonatal electrolyte disorder.

A total of 3 431 subjects aged 18 years or over from Liaoning province were involved in this study.The prevalence of metabolic syndrome(MS) was 19.50%,being 19.79% in men and 18.44% in women, according to the standard of Chinese Diabetes Society in 2004.Villages had the highest prevalence of MS in women,while cities had the lowest;towns had the highest prevalence of MS in men,while villages had the lowest.The prevalence of MS was increased with both aging and income.The peak of MS is turning to the developing district.

Objective To evaluate T2WI sequence and liver acquisition with volume acceleration (LAVA) technique in the diagnosis of early endometrial carcinoma on 3.0 T MR scanner. Methods Twenty-seven patients with endometrial carcinoma confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed. MRI sequences included axial T1WI and sagittal T2WI with fat saturation, axial and sagittal LAVA scanning including four phases: early arterial phase, late arteral phase, parenchymal phase and delayed phase. The tumor location, signal features, and myometrial infiltration by tumor were recorded and preoperative staging was compared with pathologic results. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of T2WI and LAVA in diagnosing endometrial carcinoma was assessed. The accuracy of the evaluation of the deep myometrium infiltration was compared between the two sequences using Fisher's exact test. Results According to Federation International of Gynecologie and Obstetrigue (FIGO) standard, 27 patients with endometrial carcinoma were classified as: stage Ⅰ in 22 cases, stage Ⅱ in 5 cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values in assessing deep myometrium infiltration were 70.0% (7/10), 94. 1% (16/17), 87. 5% (7/8), 84. 2% (16/19) respectively for T2WI sequence. Its accuracy in assessing myometrium invasion was 85.2% (23/27). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 80. 0% (8/10), 94. 1% ( 16/17 ), 88. 9% (8/9), 88. 9% ( 16/18 ) respectively for LAVA sequence, and the accuracy was 88.9% (24/27). There was no statistical difference of accuracy between two techniques( P = 1.00). Conclusion 3.0 T MR T2WI sequence has important role in diagnosing early endometrial carcinoma, and LAVA technique is highly valued in preoperative diagnosis and staging in early endometrial carcinoma for myometrium infiltration.

Objective To systematically assess the efficacy of memantine on moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods With the evaluation method of the Cochrane system,searches were made in the Cochrane Library,MEDLINE,Embase,Forest Laboratories,CNKI,Wanfang Data,and VIP Data up to February 2013 for double blind,randomized,and placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of memantine for moderate to severe AD.A meta-analysis of included clinical trials was conducted using the Revman 5.2 software to evaluate the efficacy of memantine on overall clinical status,cognitive function activities of daily living,and behavioral and psychological disturbances.Results A total of 8 RCTs were included (2 527 patients with moderate to severe AD).Results of the meta-analysis showed that,for patients with moderate to severe AD,memantine had better efficacy than placebo on overall clinical status,cognitive function,and activities of daily living (MD=-0.24,95％CI:0.340.15;SMD=-0.26,95％CI:-0.340.18;SMD=-0.13,95％CI:-0.21-0.05),but there was no significant difference in efficacy on behavioral and psychological function between memantine and placebo (P =0.08).Analysis of subgroups showed that memantine had better efficacy than placebo on cognitive function in moderate AD patients (SMD =-0.22,95％CI:-0.37 0.06) and on overall clinical status,cognitive function,and activities of daily living in severe AD patients (MD-0.29,95％CI:-0.40 0.18;SMD=-0.31,95％CI:0.46-0.15;SMD=-0.16,95％ CI:-0.25 0.06;MD=-3.13,95％ CI:-4.88-1.39;respectively).Conclusions Memantine has efficacy on overall clinical status,cognitive function and activities of daily living in patients with moderate to severe AD,especially in patients with severe AD.