Objective To determine the best position of the catheter to achieve a low recurrence rate during subdural drainage for chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). Methods A retrospective study was done on 130 cases with CSDH in regard of preoperative thickness of CSDH, preoperative midline displacement, postoperative locations (forehead, temple, cupula and occiput) of the subdural drainage catheter, postoperative width of the subdural space and the relationship of the accumulated air in ipsilateral subdural space with postoperative relapse. Results The CSDH thickness and the midline displacement on preoperative CT scan had no correlation with the postoperative recurrence rate of CSDH. Seven days after operation, the width of the subdural space over 1 cm or the accumulated air of the subdural space exceeding 20% of the the subdural space volume would result in obvious increase of recurrence rate of CSDH. The catheter locating on the frontal lobe cortex postoperatively had the lowest recurrence rate of CSDH. Conclusions Postoperative recurrence of CSDH can be reduced by placing the tip of the drainage catheter on the frontal lobe cortex to remove subdural air during or after surgery. CT scanning at postoperative day 7 is helpful for determine recurrence rate.

The character of exposure-response relationship between particulate matter and population mortality has been one of the critical and difficult problems in air pollution epidemiological study. The character of exposure-response relationship included the shape of the exposure-response relationship and the existence of the threshold concentration. In this paper, the recent relevant researches on the character of exposure-response relationship between particulate matter and population mortality were reviewed. The threshold concentration of particulate matter for mortality was not found and the shape of the exposure-response curve need to be further studied. Now, in China, we are facing a good opportunity for researching the exposure-response relationship between particulate matter and population mortality.

OBJECTIVE:To analysis and identify the liposoluble constituents extracted with supercritical CO 2 fluid ex-traction(SFE)from atractylodes macrocephala by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC/MS).METHODS:Volatile oil was extracted from atractylodes macrocephala,to analsis and identify the chemical components in liposoluble constituents with GC/MS,DB-5MS capillary column was the chromatographic column and helium was carrier gas,the flow rate was 2.0ml/min,and the column temperature was raised from 70℃ to 250℃ at an increasing rate of 10℃/min.EI ion sources were adopted in mass spectra.RESULTS:A total of 19 chromatographic peaks were separated and identified,most of which were unsatu-rated fatty acids and esters,accounting for 96.2% of the total peak area.CONCLUSION:Using GC/MS,the chemical com-position of the liposoluble constituents in atractylodes macrocephala can be analyzed,which provides references for the further exploitation and utilization of atractylodes macrocephala.

Objective To observe the influence of Ligustrazine on the hemodynamic effects and prognosis in elderly patients with early cerebral ischemia following intracranial aneurysm operation ,and explore the therapeutic value .Methods 43 elderly patients with ECI following intracranial aneurysm operation were randomly divided into the Ligustrazine group (20 cases) ,and the conven-tional treatment group(23 cases)according to the table of random numbers .The patients in the Ligustrazine group were given intra-venously Ligustrazine injection and combined with conventional therapy ,whereas ,other patients were given conventional treat-ments .Results The clinical effective rate in Ligustrazine group was significantly higher than conventional treatment group (P<0 .05) .Patients recovered well in conventional treatment group were 7 cases(30 .43% ) ,mild disability 8 cases(34 .78% ) ,severe dis-ability 4 cases(17 .39% ) ,plant survival 1 case(4 .34% ) ,3 cases died(13 .06% ) ,data peer-based in the Ligustrazine group were 12 cases(60 .00% ) ,5 cases(25 .00% ) ,2 cases(10 .00% ) ,0 case and 1 case(5 .00% ) ,which were significantly lower than that of con-ventional treatment group .The prognostic scores in Ligustrazine group were apparently higher than conventional treatment group by using Glasgow outcome scale and Chinese stroke scale(P<0 .05) .Meanwhile ,the indicators of hemodynamic effects also reflec-ted that the Ligustrazine improved the blood circulation of patients with ECI ,which was better than the conventional treatment group(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The Ligustrazine Phosphate for injection showed better curative effect and prognosis in elderly pa-tients with ECI following intracranial aneurysm operation .

Objective To investigate the correlation of angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor (AT1R) gene polymorphism with AT1R expression levels and brain edema after hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage .Methods 45 operative patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in the Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical Univercity from December 2011 to August 2012 were collected as the experimental group and 45 operative patients with refractory epilepsy weres selected as the control group .The venous blood in the two groups were collected for detecting the AT 1R gene polymorphism ;The brain tissue was taken from lesions in operation ,then AT1R mRNA concentration was determined by RT-PCR and the AT1R protein level was determined by Western blot ;Head CT was performed on postoperative 1 ,3 ,5 d;the degree of cerebral edema was reflected by CT value . Results The levels of two kinds of genotype AT1R mRNA in the experimental group had no statistically significant difference(P>0 .05);the operative area CT value of AC genotype was significantly lower than that of AA genotype with statistical difference (P<0 .05);the ATIRmRNA of various genotypes ,protein level and cerebral edema in the control group had no statistical differences . Conclusion The AT 1R gene polymorphism has no obvious correlation with the concentration expression of AT 1R mRNA in the brain tis-sue;there is correlation between AT 1R protein level and AT 1R protein level and the cerebral edema degree in the brain tissue .

Objective To explore the related factors of local reccurrence to rectal cancer after Dixon operation. Methods 100 patients with rectal cancer were used Dixon treatment. Then the tumor cells in the intestine and peritoneal fluid were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by flow cytometry during operation. The patients were followed up 2 years to understand the local recurrence. Results In 100 patients,8 cases were found in local recurrence after 2 years. 6 cases of recurrence were in the anastomotic site. Conclusion The local recurrence was related to Dukes stage,tumor distance from the anus,much margin of tumor length,tumor differentiation,intestine and abdominal shed close tumor cells,and it was worthy of attention.

Objective To observe the characteristics of electro-neurophysiology in diabetic patients with early peripheral neuropathy. Method The nerve conduction velocity ( NCV ) and quantitative sensory test (QST) were examined in 175 diabetic patients without clinical peripheral neuropathy and in 50 normal subjects, and their results were compared. Results In 175 diabetic patients, the abnormal ratio of NCV was 7% (13/175).While using QST,the abnormal ratio was 45% (79/175). There was significant difference between two methods (P< 0.01). Compared diabetic patients with normal subjects,there was no significant difference between motor conduction velocity and sensory conduction velocity (P > 0.05 ).While using QST, the threshold values of cold sensation, warm sensation, and thermalgesia showed significant difference between diabetic patients and normal subjects (P< 0.01). Conclusion QST is more sensitive than NCV in diagnosing diabetic peripheral neuropathy, which suggests that small nerve fibers are more likely to be damaged than large fibers in early stage.

Objective To detect the expressions of decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) in pancreatic cancer tissues and to analyze the significance of DcR3 in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer.Methods The expressions of DcR3 in pancreatic cancer tissues (n =100), paracancer tissues (n =15) and normal tissues (n =15) were detected with immunohistochemical method (Envision method).Results The positive rate of DcR3 in pancreatic cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent-tumor pancreatic cancer tissues (86.0％ vs.46.6％, P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of DcR3 in adjacent-tumor pancreatic cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues (46.6％ vs.13.3％, P ＜ 0.05).In clinical stage Ⅲ, the positive rate of DcR3 was significantly higher than that in stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅰ (100％ vs.87.0％, P＜0.05;100％ vs.62.5％, P＜0.05).There were significant differences among the three groups (P ＜ 0.05).With lymph node metastasis, the DcR3 positive rate was significantly higher than that in the group without lymph node metastasis (93.4％ vs.79.6％, P ＜ 0.05).In poorly differentiated pancreatic cancer, the positive rate of DcR3 was significantly higher than that in the highly differentiated group (100％ vs.64.0％, P ＜0.05), the positive rate of DcR3 was significantly higher in the moderately differentiated group than that in the highly differentiated group (88.6％ vs.64.0％, P ＜ 0.05) , There were significant differences among the three groups (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the positive rate of DcR3 between the different age groups or the different gender groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The expression levels of DcR3 in patients with pancreatic cancer gradually increased from normal tissues to paracancer tissues, to pancreas tissues.The expression level of DcR3 protein was closely related to clinical stage, degree of tissue differentiation and presence of lymph node metastasis, but not associated with age, sex, and tumor diameter size.

This study was aimed to establish the ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) fingerprints of Psoralea corylifolia L. The separation was achieved on a Shim-pack XR-ODS Ⅲ column (50 mm í 2.0 mm, 1.6μm) by gradient elution with acetonitrile-0.2% glacial acetic acid solution as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.1 mL·min-1 and the measurement wavelength was 246 nm. The temperature of the column was 45oC. The results showed that the UHPLC fingerprint of P. corylifolia L. was established and 10 characteristic common peaks were found, among which 6 peaks were recognized by comparing with reference substances. It was concluded that the method was rapid, reliable and reproducible. The established fingerprint can provide references for the study of sub-stance basis and quality control of P. c orylifolia L.

Aim: To search for novel α_1-adrenoceptor(α_1-AR) antagonists. Methods: On the basis of hybridization principle with silodosin as the lead compound, twelve 5-[2-[4-[ ( substituted phenoxy) alkyl] piperazin-1-yl] propyl] indoline compounds were designed and synthesized by maintaining indoline while incorporating the 1-[(substituted phenoxy) alkyl] piperazine group. Results: The structures of synthesized target compounds were confirmed by the elemental analysis, IR, ESI-MS and ~1H NMR. Preliminary pharmacological test showed that pA_2 values of six target compounds were greater than 7. 50, which suggested that the compounds possessed considerable α_1-AR antagonic activity. Conclusion: 5-[2-[4-[ ( substituted phenoxy) alkyl] piperazin-1-yl] propyl] indoline compounds is potentially a new candidate for α_1-AR antagonist.