0.05,group 1 or group 2 vs group 3 P

0.05).Conclusion:Different polishing and glazing methods have significant effects on the surface roughness of ceramics,while the surface gloss of ceramics is not affected.

Objective This study aims to evaluate the changes of Cdk5 expression at the time of 3 hours to 10 days after moderate brain injury by blunt force impact in a rat model,and to demonstrate its forensic significance.Methods To establish a rat model of blunt focal brain contusion,and to observe the changes of Cdk5 expression in brain tissue at different timepoints after brain injury by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results A low expression level of Cdk5 was observed in the brain tissue of both normal and sham control groups.The expression of Cdk5 increased after 3 and 6 hours,remarkably increased at 12 hours,and reached the maximal level at 24 hours after focal brain injury.The Cdk5 level gradually decreased 3 days,5 days,7 days,and 10 days and reached the normal level 7 and 10 days after the injury,with no statistical difference (P＞0.05) compared with the normal and sham control groups.Conclusion The expression of Cdk5 increased in the peripheral area of contusion tissue after blunt brain injury in rats,showing single peak change,and dropped to normal level with the time extension.The change of Cdk5 expression may provide a new reference index for the prediction of early brain contusion.

Aim To investigate the sedative and hyp-notic effects of a novel compound H057 . Methods The sedative activity of H057 was investigated by re-cording the spontaneous locomotor activity in mice. The hypnotic property was evaluated by the latency and duration of loss of righting reflex( LORR) in mice and effect of H057 on the sleep onset in subthreshold dos-age of sodium pentobarbital treated mice. The extracel-lular levels of GABA and monoamine neurotransmitters in in cerebral cortex were measured by microdialysis in vivo. Results The spontaneous locomotor activity was decreased by 25% and 66% in H057 ( 5 , 25 mg · kg-1 ,i. p. ) treated mice, respectively. H057 ( 3, 5 mg·kg-1 ,i. p. ) increased the sleep onset to 62. 5%and 87. 5% in subthreshold dosage of sodium pentobar-bital(25 mg·kg-1,i. p. ) treated mice. H057(≥60 mg· kg-1 , i. p. ) could completely induce LORR in mice. The latency of LORR at dose of 60 mg · kg-1 was (24 ± 11) min and the duration of LORR was (96 ± 15 ) min. In vivo mircodialysis revealed that H057 (25 mg·kg-1 , i. p. ) could significantly increase the GABA level by 26% and decrease the 5-HT and NE levels by 50% and 38% in cerebral cortex in mice. Conclusion H057 has potent sedative and hypnotic effects, which may be closely related to the increased content of GABA and the decreased contents of 5-HT and NE in the extracellular fluid in cerebral cortex.

Objective To compare the similarities and differences between the esophageal mucosa lesion pathology before and after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).Methods A total of 110 patients diagnosed as having esophageal mucosal lesions by endoscopic biopsy were treated with ESD at Zhejiang cancer hospital from 2013 to 2014.The results of preoperative and postoperative pathology were compared.Results The consistency rate of preoperative biopsy and postoperative pathologic diagnosis was 61.8％ (68/110).Compared with preoperative pathology,the postoperative pathological results underestimated accounted for 30％ (33/110),the postoperative pathological results overestimated accounted for 8.2％ (9/110).In early esophageal cancer group,consistency rate of preoperative biopsy and postoperative pathologic diagnosis was 75.0％ (18/24),which was higher than that of intraepithelial neoplasia group[58.1％ (50/86)] with significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Preoperative biopsy is not necessarily consistent with postoperative pathology.Though preoperative pathological diagnosis has certain value,it can not completely represent the nature of the lesions.The patients with intraepithelial neoplasia should be actively treated with ESD combined with clinical experiences to get the accurate diagnosis.

OBJECTIVETo study the dynamic changes of dry material accumulation and platycodin D content in Platycodon grandiflorum in different planting densities.

METHODFive different planting densities M1 (4 cm x 25 cm), M2 (6 cm x 25 cm), M3 (8 cm x 25 cm), M4 (10 cm x 25 cm) and M5 (12 cm x 25 cm) were designed in the plot experiment. The individual and colony biomass accumulation, dry material distribution, root yield and platycodin D content were measured in different stage.

RESULTIn a certain density range the individual biomass in P. grandiflorum obviously declined with increasing density with the exception of biomass M2 > biomass M3. On the contrary, the colony biomass increased with the increasing density. Dry material accumulation in each organ in P. grandiflorum in different planting densities showed significance (P<0.05). The dry material distribution in organs in the different planting densities showed significance (P<0.05), and the dry material distribution in flower and fruit reached the minimal level in M2, in the same planting density the distribution in root reached the maximal; The dry material in stem, flower and fruit obviously declined with the increasing density, while the dry material in leaf increased. The individual root output increased with the increasing density, and it reached the highest in M2. The colony root yield increased with the increasing density. The platycodin D content in P. grandiflorum reached the highest in M2.

CONCLUSIONThe result showed that a suitable planting density is very important to P. grandiflorum dry material accumulation and distribution, root yield, platycodin D content and colony yield.

Plant Structures ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Platycodon ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Saponins ; metabolism ; Seasons ; Triterpenes ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate the levels of chemokine 2 (CCL2), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1), and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10) in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute and chronic herpes zoster (HZ), and their correlation with the severity of neuropathic pain.Methods:A total of 60 patients with acute herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from November 2022 to November 2023 were selected for a case-control study. These patients were divided into a HZ group ( n = 25) and a PHN group ( n = 35). The pressure pain threshold in the affected area was measured on the day of admission for all patients. The Visual Analogue Scale scores were evaluated in both groups. After lumbar puncture, 2 mL of cerebrospinal fluid was collected, and the levels of related chemokines in the cerebrospinal fluid were detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results:In the HZ group, the levels of chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL10 were (24.84 ± 6.97) ng/L and (107.46 ± 28.29) μg/L, respectively, while in the PHN group, they were (20.51 ± 3.16) ng/L and (132.98 ± 30.92) μg/L. The differences in the levels of chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL10 between the two groups were statistically significant ( t = 2.91, -3.26, both P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the levels of chemokines CCL2 and CX3CL1 between the two groups ( t = 1.62, -0.23, both P > 0.05). The levels of CCL2, CXCL1, CX3CL1, and CXCL10 in both groups were negatively correlated with the pressure pain threshold (HZ group: r = -0.84, -0.78, -0.93, -0.86; PHN group: r = -0.71, -0.78, -0.94, -0.76, all P < 0.01). Conclusion:Higher levels of chemokines in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute and chronic HZ are associated with more pronounced neuropathic pain. The neuro-immune inflammation involving chemokines may be correlated with the severity of neuropathic pain in acute and chronic HZ.