This study was aimed to compare the difference of treatment on acute adjuvant arthritis (AA) by using dif-ferent energy densities withirradiation on ST36-Zusanli under the fixed wavelength (650 nm) by the semiconductor. Biological effect and traits of the laser irradiation were also studied. A total of 60 healthy male SD rats were random-ly divided into the normal control group, model group, low energy density group (61.89 J/cm2)and high energy density group (247.57 J/cm2). The Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) was intradermallyinjected into rats' right hind paw to establish AA rat model. The treatment group was treated with 650nm semiconductor laser irradiation on ST36-Zu-sanli with the energy density of 61.89 J/cm2 and 247.57 J/cm2, respectively. The joint swelling degree, pain thresh-old, TNF-α and IL-1β level changes were observed on thefirst, third and fifthtreatment after modeling. The results showed that compared with the normal group, the joint swelling degree, pain threshold, TNF-α, and IL-1β were obvi-ously increased in the model group (P<0.05). After five times treatment, the semiconductor laser with low and high energy density had effect on acute inflammation. And the high energy density treatment effect had a better effect than the low energy density one (P<0.05). It was concluded that the energy density of 61.89 J/cm2 and 247.57 J/cm2 of semiconductor laser irradiation on ST36-Zusanli can relieve acute inflammatory pain and swelling caused by AA; re-duce the TNF-α and IL-1β concentration levels. Semiconductor laser irradiation had the characteristics of stimula-tion or inhibition, cumulative effect and parabola. Low energy density group obtained the best effect between the third and fifth treatment.

Objective:To compare the inhibitory effect of neferine and isoliensinine on 5α-reductase to provide reference for the development of 5α-reductase inhibitors. Methods: Different reaction tubes and control tubes were prepared, liver was homogenated, and reducing coenzyme II ( NADPH) , testosterone, pending test sample, the positive drug and buffer was respectively added into 96-well plates. The change in the absorbance of NADPH at 340nm in 1h was determined by a microplate reader. Compared the experimen-tal group with the blank control group, the inhibition rate ( I%) of the test drugs against 5α-reductase was calculated. Results:As for the six concentration gradients (2-40 mg·ml-1 ) in the experiments, the best inhibitory concentration of neferine and isoliensinine was 10 mg·ml-1(I% =25.00 ±1.030% and 29.90 ±2.410%, respectively). Compared with the control group, neferine and isoliensi-nine showed significant inhibition against 5α-reductase (P<0. 05). Compared with the positive group at the same concentration (10 mg ·ml-1), the inhibition of neferine and isoliensinine was significantly lower (P<0. 05). The inhibition effect of isoliensinine was rel-atively better than that of neferine (P<0. 05). Conclusion:Neferine and isoliensininein have notable inhibitory effect on 5α-reduc-tase, which show certain application prospect in the treatment of prostatic hyperplasia in clinics.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of reducing average radiation dose and increasing protective weight on the auditory system (tympanic cavity,the bony portion of eustachian tube,vestibule,and cochlea) during intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods The planning system (ADAC Pinnacle3 8.0m) with direct machine parameter optimization was used to optimize the IMRT planning for 40 patients with NPC (stage Ⅰ + Ⅱ:20 patients ;stage Ⅲ + Ⅳ:20 patients).Without reducing the radiation dose for target volume,the IMRT planning was optimized by limiting the average dose administered to the auditory system or increasing the protective weight for the protected organs in auditory system.The protective effects were assessed by analyzing the average dose received by the auditory system.Results After limiting the average dose administered to the auditory system without reducing the radiation dose for target volume,the average dose received by the auditory system was significantly reduced (3855.5-5391.3 Gy vs 2960.3-4559.6 Gy,P =0.000 for all) ; when the protective weight for the auditory system was increased,the average dose received by the auditory system was even more reduced (3855.5-5391.3 Gy vs 2725.4-4271.4 Gy,P =0.000 for all).For all three regimens,the average dose was significantly higher in stage Ⅲ + Ⅳ patients than in stage Ⅰ + Ⅱ patients (P =0.000 for all).Conclusions For the IMRT planning for NPC,limiting the average dose administered to the auditory system can greatly reduce the average dose received by the auditory system,and increasing the protective weight for the auditory system can further reduce the average dose received by the auditory system.However,the protective effect on the auditory system may be reduced as the stage of NPC increases.

Objective To study on transcatheter closure of membranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) with pseudoaneurysm by patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) occlusion devices in children and summarize the skill and clinical experience. Methods The study included 20 membranous VSD cases in children.According to the finding of the left ventricular angiography, various kinds of the PDA occlusion devices was implanted. The mean diameter of the waist of the occluder was ( 10.4 ± 2.6) mm. Examination by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) immediately and left ventricular angiography after the occluder was implanted 15minutes later to evaluate the efficacy. Results In the 20 patients, one of the Ⅳ type VSD patient was quitted because of the significant residual shunts(≥2 mm). Slightly residual shunts ( ＜ 2 mm) was found in one Ⅲ type VSD patient with multi-outlet. And disappeared in 1 month after the procedure, which VSD patient was confirmed by TTE. Thirteen cases were normal by EKG examination (or the same before procedure).Incomplete right bundle branch block was found in 4 cases. First degree atrioventricular block was found in 1 case and paroxysmal junctional tachycardia was found in 1 case. All of them were recovered in 1 week.Conclusions Transcatheter interventional therapy with PDA occlusion devices for membranous VSD with pseudoaneurysm is safe and effective. The key of the procedure is to select suitable occluder and suitable position to plant them according to the membranous morphologic characteristics,size and position of the pseudoaneurysm. It is a facultative method for transcatheter therapy this kind of congenital heart disease.

AIM:To investigate the principle of function of Stomach-Clearing Powder (Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Cortex Moutan Rhizoma Coptidis, etc.) on clearing the stomach-heat. METHODS: 5% alcohol water were used as drink water of mice to make model. In the treatment group, "Stomach-Clearing Powder" was administed. Three weeks later, the anal temperature, the evacuation time of active carbon powder,stomach cAMP, SOD, MDA and the pathological changes in stomach and tongue were observed and recorded. RESULTS: "Stomach-Clearing Powder" could can obviously improve the pathological changes of the model group with stomach-heat syndrom. CONCLUSION: The established pathological model of stomach-heat syndrome accorded with traditional Chinese medicine; "Stomach-Clearing Powder" has the effect on clearing the stomach-heat on the experimental mouse.

Objective To explore the expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs) related factors including inositol requiring enzyme-1α(IRE1αα),p-IRE1 α,c-jun N-terminal Kinase(JNK),and p-JNK in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,and to investigate the effect of intervention with glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogue.Methods Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal chow group(n =15) and high-fat diet group(n=25).After 12 weeks,5 rats of each group were used to assess the establishment of rat models with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Then the high-fat diet group rats were divided into high-fat diet group (HF,n =10) and GLP-1 group(HG,n=10) and treated with normal saline and GLP-1 analogue for4 weeks respectively.Body weight and biochemical markers in rats were measured.The expressions of IRE1α,p-IRE1α,JNK,and p-JNK were measured by Western blot.Results Compared with the NC group,the levels of body weight,plasma triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C),alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in HF group were significantly higher (all P ＜ 0.01),high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C) was decreased(P＜0.01),and p-IRE1 α/IRE1 α and p-JNK/JNK were increased(P＜0.05 and P＜0.01).After GLP-1 treatment,body weight,plasma TG,TC,LDL-C,AST,ALT in HF group were significantly lowered(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),HDL-C was increased(P＜0.01),p-IRE1 α/IRE1 α and p-JNK/JNK were decreased (P＜0.05 and P＜0.01).Conclusion GLP-1 analogue may improve hepatic steatosis via regulating ERs related IRE1 α-JNK signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of LIGHT/HVEM in patients after allo-HSCT and the development of GVHD. Methods The expression of LIGHT and HVEM in T lymphocytes was detected by FACS Calibur. Results All patients achieved engraftment and hematopoiesis reconstitution, aGVHD occurred in 9 of 26 patients (34.6%) with grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ aGVHD in 3 cases. Seven cases developed cGVHD (26.9%). LIGHT was not expressed in T lymphocytes from healthy donors and patients without GVHD, while constitutive expression of HVEM was detected. When aGVHD occurred, the expression levels of LIGHT in T lymphocytes were significantly increased, while those of HVEM decreased. After GVHD was controlled, the expression levels of those co-stimulators went back to normal On the day 15 after transplantation, the expression of LIGHT in T lymphocytes of patients with aGVHD later was significantly higher, while that of HVEM lower than in those without aGVHD. The patients with aGVHD of grades Ⅲ-Ⅳ demonstrated higher LIGHT expression than in those with aGVHD of grades Ⅰ-Ⅱ. Conclusion The expression of LIGHT and HVEM might be involved in the development of GVHD after allo-HSCT and could be used as one of the useful indicators in predicting aGVHD.

Objective To explore the feasibility of extending liver blood perfusion cessation by ultrasound combining microbubbles.Methods The livers of 9 healthy rabbits were treated with a pulsed therapeutic ultrasound device,in presence of microbubbles.For quantification of liver perfusion,contrastenhanced ultrasonography was performed on 6 rabbits before treatment and at different time points of 0 min,30 min,60 min and 48 hours after treatment.Pathological examination of the treated livers was performed immediately after treatment on the other 3 rabbits.Results The liver blood perfusion almost vanished immediately after treatment,remained at a low perfusion level from 30 to 60 min,and completely recovered 48 hours later.The peak intensity dropped from ( - 51.88 ± 4.26)dB to ( - 62.53 ± 4.83)dB after treatment and rose up to ( - 52.00 ± 4.60) dB 48 hours later.The peak intensities before treatment and 48 hours after treatment were significantly higher than those of 0 min,30 min and 60 min time points after treatment( P ＜0.05).Pathological examination showed significant swelling of hepatocytes and hemorrhage around portal veins.Conclusions Microbubbles enhanced ultrasound can induce liver blood perfusion cessation for up to 1 hours.The mechanism could be swelling of hepatocytes and hemorrhage of portal track.

Objective:To prepare nanobody-based immunotoxin BI7D12-PE38KDEL targeting EGFR and to examine its cytotoxicity against EGFR positive tumor cells.Methods:By using molecular cloning strategy,prokaryotic expression construct of pET28a-BI7D12-PE38KDEL was generated which consisted of nanobody 7D12 targeting EGFR in the form of a divalent fused with PE38KDEL,a truncated form of pseudomonas exotoxin A via a flexible peptide(G4S)4,and then transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3).Protein expression was induced by adding IPTG,purified by Ni-affinity column chromatography,and verified by Western blot.The binding capacity of the resulted immunotoxin to EGFR-positive cells A549,HT29,MCF-7 and EGFR-negative cells CEM,Jurkat were determined by flow cytometry assay,and its cytotoxicity against the target cells was examined.Briefly,tumor cells were treated with different dosage of the immunotoxin,and the killing efficacy of BI7D12-PE38KDEL on these cells were assessed by WST-1 assay after 72 hours.Results:The SDS-PAGE and Western blot results showed the recombinant immunotoxin BI7D12-PE38KDEL was successfully prepared,and majority of them was expressed in soluble form.BI7D12-PE38KDEL could selectively bind to EGFR-positive cells of A549,HT29,and MCF-7.More importantly,the immunotoxin exhibited much more significant killing effect on these EGFR positive cells compared to the negative control group of CEM and Jurkat cells(P<0.01).Conclusion:In the current study,the nanobody-based immunotoxin BI7D12-PE38KDEL targeting EGFR was successfully prepared and exhibited a superior inhibition effect for the growth of EGFR-positive cells.

Objective To develop an up-converting phosphor technology based lateral flow assay ( UPT-LF) to detect ricin toxin ( RT) quickly, accurately and quantitatively.Methods Ricin-monoclonal antibodies were prepared and their affinity was evaluated before four types of monoclonal antibodies with the highest titer were applied to couple with the up-converting phosphor nano-particles ( UCP-NPs) as the bio-conjugate and disperse on the analysis membrane as the test line, respectively.Following systematic optimization to establish the RT-UPT-LF strip, the sensitivity, precision, quantita-tive ability and specificity of RT-UPT-LF were evaluated.Results The detection could be accomplished within 15 min and the detection limit of the RT-UPT-LF assay could reach 0.5 ng/ml within the quantitative detection range of 0.5-1000 ng/ml.Other non-specific toxins at a concentration of 1000 ng/ml did not cause any non-specific reactions.Conclusion The developed RT-UPT-LF strip provides a new means for on-site quantitative detection of ricin toxin.