Objective To investigate the impact of femoral prosthesis malposition on internal structural strain in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for osteoporotic knees. Methods A normal bone knee joint model was constructed based on imaging studies (CT, magnetic resonance imaging) of healthy volunteers, and an osteoporotic knee joint model was constructed by altering the elastic modulus. Finite element models of femoral prosthesis malposition in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty were then established for both normal bone and osteoporotic groups. A vertical static load of 1, 000 N was applied to both models, and the peak strain values and distributions were observed in the medial compartment structures (polyethylene gasket, cancellous bone under tibial prosthesis) and lateral compartment structures (meniscus, tibial cartilage) at various malposition angles of the femoral prosthesis. Results The peak strain values of the polyethylene gasket, cancellous bone under tibial prosthesis, meniscus, and tibial cartilage in the osteoporotic group were higher than those in the normal bone group at different varus and valgus angles. In the osteoporotic group, the peak strain values of the polyethylene gasket and cancellous bone under tibial prosthesis increased with the increase in femoral prosthesis malposition angle, with a greater increase at valgus angles than at varus angles. Similarly, the peak strain values of the meniscus and tibial cartilage increased with the increase in femoral prosthesis malposition angle, but the increase was greater at varus angles than at valgus angles. The strain concentration area of the polyethylene gasket was located in a circular-like area where the femoral prosthesis contacted the gasket, the strain concentration area of the cancellous bone was mainly located in the posterolateral region, the strain concentration area of the meniscus was located near the anterior horn, and the strain concentration area of the tibial cartilage was mainly located in the middle near the intercondylar eminence. Conclusion Osteoporosis may adversely affect the strain on internal structures of the knee joint after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Varus malposition of the femoral prosthesis may exacerbate the progression of osteoarthritis in the contralateral compartment (lateral compartment), while valgus malposition may increase the risk of prosthesis loosening and revision surgery.

BACKGROUND:As a kind of dental implant material, the application of titanium has certain restrictions because of its higher probability of postoperative bleeding rate, infection and gingival hyperplasia. Studies have shown that polymethylmethacrylate has been used in artificial joints and artificial bones, but rarely reported to be used as dental implant material. OBJECTIVE:To explore the biocompatibility indexes such as cytotoxicity, cel adhesion rate, relative cel proliferation rate and post-implantation inflammatory response of human osteoblasts when pure titanium and polymethylmethacrylate are used as dental implant materials, so as to provide certain reference basis for the clinical usage of polymethylmethacrylate as the dental implant material. METHODS:Human osteoblasts were cultured in vitro. Three groups were divided as folows: control group (cels cultured normaly), pure titanium group (cels cultured with titanium extract) and polymethylmethacrylate group (cels cultured with polymethylmethacrylate extract). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, the cel adhesion rate was significantly decreased after 2, 4, 8 and 16 hours of culture with pure titanium and polymethylmethacrylate extracts (P < 0.05); the cel adhesion rate in the polymethylmethacrylate group was higher than that in the pure titanium group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the cels were sparse and grew slowly after 2 days of culture with pure titanium and polymethylmethacrylate extracts. Cels in the polymethylmethacrylate group grew faster with fusiform distribution and obvious drawing phenomenon. Compared with the control group, the relative cel proliferation rate was significantly decreased after 2 days of culture with pure titanium and polymethylmethacrylate extracts (P < 0.05); the relative cel proliferation rate of polymethylmethacrylate group was higher than that of the pure titanium group (P < 0.05). The expression of inflammatory factors in rat serum was significantly increased after 7 days of implantation of titanium and polymethylmethacrylate materials (P < 0.05), the expression of inflammatory factors in the polymethylmethacrylate group was less than that in the titanium group (P < 0.05). There was only one rat developing alergic reaction, but no pyrogen reaction and no death in the polymethylmethacrylate group; and three rats presented with alergic reaction, one rat present with pyrogen reaction and no death occurred in the pure titanium group. These results demonstrate that as the dental implant material, polymethylmethacrylate is superior to pure titanium in the cel toxicity, inflammatory response and biocompatibility.

In the clinical practice,critically ill patients are in great risk of delirium because of the impact of psychological,surroundings,illness,and medications,with the incidence rate as high as 45％-87％.Delirium could result in bad prognosis and clinical consequences of cognitive function in late stage.Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a novel and highly selective 2-adrenoceptor agonist.It offers beneficial pharmacological properties and has been widely used in intensive care unit (ICU).In order to provide scientific and effective references for clinical practice,this paper reviewed the development of DEX intervention for the prevention of delirium in ICU both in China and abroad refereed to the pharmacological characteristics and the efficiency in clinic and the influence factors ofthe efficiency;and also discussed the possible mechanisms,such as modulating the neurotransmitters,and attenuating stress response and inflammation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of B-cell translocation gene 1 (BTG1) and to determine the relationship between BTG1 expression and clinicopathological features, biological behaviors in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. METHOD: Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to analyze BTG1 protein expression in 70 cases of laryngeal cancer and 35 cases of adjacent corresponding laryngeal mucosal tissues to illuminate the relationship between BTG1 expression and clinical factors. RESULT: The positive rate of BTG1 protein expression was 31.43% in laryngeal carcinoma tissues, significantly lower than 91.43% in the adjacent laryngeal tissues (P < 0.05). Western blot showed the relative expression of BTG1 protein between cancer lesion and adjacent tissue were 0.217 ± 0.032 and 0.918 ± 0.081, showing the difference with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The expression of protein was significantly correlated with the tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, clinic stage and histological grade (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), but not with sex, age and tumor location (P > 0.05) of patients with laryngeal cancer. CONCLUSION The expression of BTG1 protein was decreased in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, suggesting that BTG1 gene may be closely associated with the carcinogenesis and the degree of malignancy. Detection of BTG1 expression may be useful in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of laryngeal carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Laryngeal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Grading ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

AIM:To investigate the principle of function of Stomach-Clearing Powder (Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Cortex Moutan Rhizoma Coptidis, etc.) on clearing the stomach-heat. METHODS: 5% alcohol water were used as drink water of mice to make model. In the treatment group, "Stomach-Clearing Powder" was administed. Three weeks later, the anal temperature, the evacuation time of active carbon powder,stomach cAMP, SOD, MDA and the pathological changes in stomach and tongue were observed and recorded. RESULTS: "Stomach-Clearing Powder" could can obviously improve the pathological changes of the model group with stomach-heat syndrom. CONCLUSION: The established pathological model of stomach-heat syndrome accorded with traditional Chinese medicine; "Stomach-Clearing Powder" has the effect on clearing the stomach-heat on the experimental mouse.

BACKGROUND:It is reported that gelatin sponge particles and chitosan/α, β-glycerophosphate gel microspheres have high application prospects in the treatment of hemoptysis of pulmonary tuberculosis.METHODS: Forty SPF Kunming mice were selected to make animal models of pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis using aerosolized inhalation device and randomly divided into two groups undergoing embolization for hemostasis using gelatin sponge particles and chitosan/α, β-glycerophosphate gel microspheres, respectively. Body mass changes, hemostasis time, effective rate of hemostasis, related indexes of myocardium and pathological changes of pulmonary tuberculosis were observed at 15 and 30 days after treatment.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Mice in the chitosan/α, β-glycerophosphate gel microspheres group had higher body mass than those in the gelatin sponge group at 15 days after treatment (P < 0.05). (2) Compared with the gelatin sponge group, the hemostatic efficiency was higher and the time of hemostasis was shorter in the chitosan/α, β-glycerophosphate gel microspheres group (P< 0.05). (3) There were no significant differences in the levels of BNP precursor, creatine kinase isoenzyme and creatine kinase between the two groups (P > 0.05). (4) The lymphocyte infiltration and necrotic lesions were found around the microspheres, necrotic lesions were found, and there were a lot of active cells on the microspheres. There were a few lymphocytes in the gelatin sponge group. These results show that that the chitosan/α, β-glycerophosphate gel microspheres have better hemostatic effects in comparison with gelatin sponge particles in a mouse model of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Objectives: To determine the regulation effects of recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH) on dipeptide transport(PepT1) in normal and severe scalded rats. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats inflicted by 30% total body surface area ( TBSA) Ⅲ degree scalding were employed as the model.The rhGH was used in this study with the dose of 2 U/(kg?d). An everted sleeve of intestine was incubated in Kreb’s solution with radioactive dipeptide ( 3 H Glycylsarcosine, 3 H Gly Sar, 10 ?Ci / ml) at 37℃ for 15 min to measure the effects of uptake and transport of PepT1 of small intestinal epithelial cells in normal and severe scalded rats. Results: The transport of dipeptide in normal rats with injection of rhGH was not significantly increased compared with controls ( P =0.192 6) while the uptake was significantly increased compared with controls ( P = 0.025 3 ). The transport and uptake of PepT1 in scalded rats with injection of rhGH were significantly increased compared with controls( P = 0.008 2 and 0.039 1). Conclusions: The effects of uptake and transport of dipeptide transporters in small intestinal epithelial cells with severe injury were markedly upregulated by rhGH.

Background and purpose:B-cell translocation gene 1(BTG1) can inhibit cell proliferation, promote cell apoptosis and regulate cell cycle progression and differentiation in a variety of cell types. This study aimed to explore the inlfuence on cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle and its related mechanism of laryngeal cancer Hep - 2 cell lines through BTG1 overexpression byin vitro experiments.Methods:The BTG1 expression plasmids were constructed and transfected into Hep-2. They were divided into experimental group (transfected BTG1 of Hep-2 cells) and control group (transfected empty plasmid of Hep-2 cells). Western blot method was used to identify BTG1 protein expression levels of cells; proliferation activity of cells was detected by MTT assay; lfow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle distribution and AnnexinⅤ-FITC/PI cell apoptosis; Western blot was also used to assay cell cycle regulatory protein and apoptosis-related protein expression.Results:The pEGFP-N1-BTG1 plasmid was constructed successfully, and the expression of BTG1 protein was higher in experimental group than that in control group (0.921±0.091vs 0.308±0.047,P<0.05). Compared with the two group of laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cells, the cell growth in experimental group was slowed down and the proliferation was reduced (P<0.05); Cyclin D1 protein expression level was decreased (0.436±0.023vs 0.916±0.092,P<0.05), the proportion of G0/G1 phase cell cycle was increased [(85.1±5.2)%vs (63.8±3.1)%,P<0.05], the proportion of S phase cell was decreased [(8.3±1.1)%vs (23.1±1.5)%, P<0.05], phosphatidylserine ectropion in experimental group was increased, cell early apoptosis was significant [(10.3±1.1)%vs (2.8±0.3)%,P<0.05] and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 expression level was reduced(0.167±0.009vs 0.834±0.084,P<0.05).Conclusion:BTG1 high expression could inhibit the proliferation growth of laryngeal Hep-2 cells and promote its apoptosis, and the possible mechanisms are interrelated with BTG1 involved in cell cycle regulation and causing cell apoptosis.

Objective Fecal biomarkers have emerged as an important tool for assessing and monitoring disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease ( IBD) .We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of fecal neopterin and calprotectin in pa-tients with active inflammatory bowel disease and made comparison with that of serum C-reactive protein ( CRP) . Methods A total of 151 consecutive patients with IBD (84 CD and 67 UC) provided 2 gram fecal samples for the measurement of fecal neopterin( FNP) and calprotectin( FCP) concentrations and 2 milliliter blood samples for the serum C-reactive protein measurement before undergoing a colonoscopy.ELISA was applied in the measurement.Clinical disease activities were scored independently according to the Best Crohn′s Disease Activity Index(CDAI) in patients with CD, while the Modi-fied Mayo Scores in patients with UC.Comaprison was made in the relativity of each fecal marker and IBD activity score, the optimum value of diagnosing IBD acitivity as to each fecal marker, as well as sensitivity, specificity, moreover, receiver operating characteristic curve ( ROC) was drawn.50 healthy volunteers who received a normal colonoscopy were also enrolled as the control group and asked to give a 2 gram fresh stool sample. Results The FNP and FCP concentrations in patients with IBD were significantly higher than those in healthy control group(P<0.05).Both FNP and FCP concentrations differed significantly in clinically active IBD when compared with those in patients with inactive disease( P<0.001) .In CD patients, the correlation coefficients of FNP and FCP with CDAI were 0.55 and 0.59, respectively(P<0.001).In UC patients, the correlation coefficients of FNP and FCP with Mayo scores were 0.74 and 0.77, respectively( P<0.001) .The correlation coefficients of serum CRP in CD and UC patients with clinical scores were 0.49 and 0.60, respectively(P<0.001).The area under the ROC curve(AUC) of FNP and FCP for the diagnosis of clinical activity in pa-tients with CD were 0.75 and 0.80, respectively.The AUC of FNP and FCP in UC patients were 0.85 and 0.90, respectively.The AUC of serum CRP in patients with CD and UC were 0.65 and 0.74, respectively.When combined FNP with FCP, the AUC in pa-tients with CD and UC were 0.85 and 0.92, respectively. Conclusion FNP is a novel reliable and non-invasive biomarker to evalu-ate clinical disease activity in patients with IBD as accurate as FCP, It is advisable to combine FNP with FCP to evaluate disease activi-ty in patients with IBD.

Objective To develop an up-converting phosphor technology based lateral flow assay ( UPT-LF) to detect ricin toxin ( RT) quickly, accurately and quantitatively.Methods Ricin-monoclonal antibodies were prepared and their affinity was evaluated before four types of monoclonal antibodies with the highest titer were applied to couple with the up-converting phosphor nano-particles ( UCP-NPs) as the bio-conjugate and disperse on the analysis membrane as the test line, respectively.Following systematic optimization to establish the RT-UPT-LF strip, the sensitivity, precision, quantita-tive ability and specificity of RT-UPT-LF were evaluated.Results The detection could be accomplished within 15 min and the detection limit of the RT-UPT-LF assay could reach 0.5 ng/ml within the quantitative detection range of 0.5-1000 ng/ml.Other non-specific toxins at a concentration of 1000 ng/ml did not cause any non-specific reactions.Conclusion The developed RT-UPT-LF strip provides a new means for on-site quantitative detection of ricin toxin.