Objective To explore the clinical characteristics,pathological features,therapy and prognosis of a case of splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) with central recurrence,evaluation the safety and efficacy of rituximab intrathecal injection combined with intravenous chemotherapy.Methods Retrospectively analyze the case of SMZL with the central recurrence,and review the relevant literatures.Results According to the tests of MICM of bone marrow,spleen pathology,PET-CT and laboratory examination (LDH),patient was diagnosed as SMZL,IV group B,IPI and aaIPI was high risk group.After first-line therapy,the patient achieved complete remission.But then the central nervous system relapsed.The patients was treated with rituximab intrathecal injection combined with intravenous chemotherapy,the central focus disappeared.Conclusion SMZL belongs to low-grade lymphoma,which combined with central nervous system relapse is very rare.Rituximab intrathecal injection combined with intravenous chemotherapy in the treatment of the patients is safe to use,and have good clinical efficacy.

Objective : To investigate the role of hepatic long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 in key genes associated with glucose metabolism disorder induced by p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p′-DDE). Methods: Human embryonic liver CCC-HEL-1 cells were divided into the DMSO group, 0.1 μmol/L p,p′-DDE group, 1 μmol/L p,p′-DDE group, 10 μmol/L p,p′-DDE group, small interference RNA (siRNA)+DMSO group and siRNA+10 μmol/L p,p′-DDE group. The promoter region methylation, mRNA expression and protein expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α), forkhead box transcription factor O1 (FoxO1) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF2) were detected in CCC-HEL-1 cells using the bisulfite method, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay and BCA assay, respectively. The changes in H19 mRNA expression, the methylation of associated genes in the promoter region and transcriptional expression were compared in CCC-HEL-1 among groups. Results: Exposure to p,p′-DDE alone at different doses resulted in an increase in H19 expression, and the H19 mRNA expression was higher in the 10 μmol/L p,p′-DDE group than in the DMSO group [(1.31±0.25) vs. (1.02±0.22); P<0.05]. Lower methylation of the HNF4α gene in the pro moter region [(38.59±32.77)% vs. (61.43±24.64)%; P<0.05] and higher HNF4α mRNA expression [(1.33±0.26) vs. (1.03±0.28); P<0.05] were detected in the 10 μmol/L p,p′-DDE group than in the DMSO group, while no significant differences were detected between the two groups in terms of the methylation of FoxO1 and IGF2 genes in the promoter region, FoxO1 and IGF2 mRNA and protein expression (P>0.05). Following siRNA-induced H19 knockdown, higher methylation of the HNF4α gene in the promoter region [(71.33±22.23)% vs. (38.59±32.78)%; P<0.05], lower HNF4α mRNA expression [(0.71±0.17) vs. (1.33±0.26); P<0.05], higher methylation of FoxO1 gene in the promoter region [(47.73±34.24)% vs. (25.09±25.35)%; P<0.05] and higher IGF2 mRNA [(1.39±0.25) vs. (0.80±0.20); P<0.05] were found in the siRNA+DMSO group than in the 10 μmol/L p,p′-DDE group, and higher IGF2 protein expression was detected in the siRNA+DMSO group than in the DMSO group [(1.03±0.11) vs. (0.74±0.12); P<0.05]. Conclusion Hepatic H19 may alter HNF4α, FoxO1 and IGF2 transcription and expression through mediating the methylation of genes in the promoter region, thereby playing a role in p,p′-DDE-induced glucose metabolism disorders.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of EGCG-Zn chelated by epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and Zn ion on learn-ing,memory and antioxidant abilities in vascular dementia(VD)rats. METHODS:Rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group,zinc gluconate group (positive control,70 mg/kg),EGCG group (5 mg/kg),and EGCG-Zn low-dose,mid-dle-dose,high-dose groups (2,5,10 mg/kg),10 in each group. The VD models were induced by middle cerebral artery occlu-sion. The rats were intragastrically given relevant medicines after 7 d of modeling,once a day,for 28 d. Morris water maze were used to evaluate learning and memory abilities of rats. Spectrophotometric method was adopted to detect the superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase(CAT),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities and malondialdehyde(MDA)content in brain tissue of rats. RESULTS:Compared with sham group,escape latency was extended in model group,percentage of platform quadrant swimming distance(dP/dT)was reduced(P<0.01);SOD,CAT,GSH-Px activities in brain tissue were reduced,and MDA content was in-creased (P<0.01). Compared with model group,escape latency on 4th d of recording was obviously shortened in EGCG group and EGCG-Zn dose groups,dP/dT was obviously increased and dose-depended(P<0.05 or P<0.01);SOD,CAT,GSH-Px activi-ties in brain tissue were increased,MDA content was decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01)and dose-depended. Compared with EGCG group and zinc gluconate group,escape latency was obviously shortened in EGCG-Zn dose groups,dP/dT was increased;SOD, CAT,GSH-Px activities in brain tissue were increased,MDA content was decreased;and the effects in high-dose,medium-dose groups were more obvious(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:EGCG-Zn can improve the learning,memory and antioxidant abilities in VD rats,and the effect is superior to EGCG.

Medical parasitology education has been facing some difficulties because it is a course of wide range lacking clini?cal cases and concerned specimens of parasites currently. In addition its relationship with life is not closely enough. All these reasons may impact the effect of class education negatively. Therefore it is important to increase the vitality of parasitology edu?cation and diversify the instructional mode by using the resources from Internet. In recent years the Discovery Channel has up?loaded a documentary Monsters Inside Me online. This documentary is high professional and closely linked with parasitology. It maintains numbers of clinical cases about parasitic diseases. Each episode is about 3 minutes and shortly enough to be intro?duced into class teaching. However this resource has not been fully used in domestic temporally. We found that direct introduc?tion of the documentary into class teaching can enrich teaching forms to attract learning interest of students and finally improve the teaching effect of class. Above that another popular documentary A Bite of China involves many related knowledge points of parasitology. The appropriate usage of the knowledge can build up close linkage between book and life which is extremely help?ful to give students a deep impression of parasitology. In brief it is our strong recommendation to introduce the documentary Monsters Inside Me into class.

Objective To introduce the technique and report our initial experience of Retziussparing robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) and compare perioperative outcomes with the standard veil of Aphrodite technique (Veil technique).Methods nineteen Retzius-sparing RALP and 20 Veil nerve sparing RALP with posterior reconstruction for T1c to T2c prostate cancer performed by a single surgical team between 2015 January and 2016 December were retrospectively reviewed.Preoperative data of patients in Retzius-sparing group [patient age (66.3 ± 5.9) years,BMI (25.5 ± 3.1) kg/m2,tPSA (16.4 ± 5.0) ng/ml,biopsy Gleason score 6 (5-7),prostate volume (32.7 ± 7.4) ml and IIEF-5 score 14(5-18)] and Veil group[patient age (64.6 ±7.3) years,BMI (25.5 ±2.0) kg/m2,tPSA (18.5 ± 11.0) ng/ml,biopsy Gleason score 7(5-8),prostate volume (31.4± 10.8)ml and IIEF-5 score 15(6-19)].No significant difference was found between the two group in the above parameters (all P ＞ 0.05).All patients were continent preoperatively.Retzius-sparing RALP and Veil nerve sparing RALP were performed via transperitoneal RALP.Operative time,estimated blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,postoperative staging,postoperative Gleason score,return of urinary continence and postoperative IIEF-5 score of the two groups were statistically analyzed.Results All 39 cases were successfully performed robotically without conversion,transfusion or other major intraoperative and postoperative complications.Postoperative pathology confirmed pT2a 5 cases,pT2b 8 cases and pT2c 6 cases in Retzius-sparing group and pT2a 7 cases,pT2b 5 cases and pT2c 8 cases in Veil group (all P ＞ 0.05).For Retzius group,operative time was (106.5 ± 26.4) min and estimated blood loss was (48.9 ± 20.2) ml;for Veil group,operative time was (93.2± 20.8) min and estimated blood loss was (42.5 ± 16.8) ml.No significant difference was found in the above parameters (all P ＞ 0.05).Urethral catheter was removed at postoperative 7-day (Retzius-sparing group) and 21-day (Veil group),respectively.18 patients in Retzius-sparing group achieved urinary continence (0 pads) immediately after the removal of urinary catheter,while 1 patient returned to full continence in 2 weeks postoperatively.Patients in Veil group returned to continence (6.8 ± 3.6) weeks postoperatively (P ＜ 0.001).At 3-month follow up,IIEF-5 score was 14 (4-16) in Retziussparing group and 14 (4-18) in Veil group;no significant changes was noted in preoperative and postoperative IIEF-5 score in both groups,or in postoperative IIEF-5 scores in the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).No sign of tumor recurrence was appreciated for all cases (tPSA ＜ 0.2 ng/ml) during follow-up of 6 months (3 to 12 months).Conclusions Retzius-sparing RALP and the Veil nerve sparing RALP were both effective for the surgical treatment of localized prostate cancer.Our data revealed no statistical difference in perioperative outcomes between the two approaches,however,the Retzius-sparing technique seemed to yield a better outcome regarding early return to urinary continence postoperatively.

Objective To investigate the effects of reducing the auditory organ dose by limitation of sub regional auditory organ in IMRT plan. Methods Total 223 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were divided into group A and group B. In group A, the IMRT plans of 114 patients were designed by limiting overall auditory organ dose. In group B, the IMRT plans of 109 patients were designed by limiting sub regional auditory organ dose. According to the Clinical prescription, the IMRT plans were designed. Paried t?test was difference between groups. Results By comparing the two groups of auditory organ dose, in all stages, the tympanic cavity Dmean average in group B decreased by T1 vs. 17?? 7%,T2 vs. 22?? 4%,T3 vs. 15?? 7% and T4 vs. 14?? 2% ( P= 0?? 000,0?? 000,0?? 000,0?? 000);cochlea Dmean average decreased by T1 vs. 11?? 0%, T2 vs. 20?? 1%, T3 vs. 10?? 0% and T4 vs. 9?? 0%(P= 0?? 004,0?? 000,0?? 007,0?? 036);vestibule Dmean average decreased by T1 vs. 22?? 6%, T2 vs. 31?? 8%, T3 vs. 20?? 6% and T4 vs. 21?? 4%, significantly less than in group A (P= 0?? 000,0?? 000,0?? 000,0?? 000). The bony portion of eustachian tube Dmean average in group B decreased were not significantly less than in group A (decreased by 3?? 4%,6?? 8%,3?? 6%,0?? 1%;P= 0?? 291, 0?? 006,0?? 155,0?? 963). Conclusions In IMRT plan, optimization on dose limitation of sub regional auditory organs were used to reduce the auditory organ dose and decrease the radiation damage to auditory organ.

In order to evaluate the effect and mechanism of the mulberry leaf alkaloid, flavones, and polysaccharide intervention on diabetes, the overall metabolite profiling characteristics for the plasma of diabetic mouse was performed by using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS). The 8 potential biomarkers were found in diabetic mice plasma based on the data of MS/MS characteristics obtained from the UPLC-OrbitrapMS analysis, which mainly involved in sphingolipids, amino acid metabolic pathway. The principal component analysis showed that the normal group and model group were obviously distinguished and implied that metabolic disturbance was happened in diabetic mice plasma. The extracts of mulberry leaf flavonoids, polysaccharide, alkaloid had exhibited the effects of callback function for diabetic mice through regulating the amino acid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism.

Objective To introduce the technique and report our initial experience of transvesical robot assisted radical prostatectomy (TvRARP).Methods From April 2018 to August 2018,10 patients underwent TvRARP performed by a single surgical team were retrospectively reviewed.Preoperative data of patients [aged (58.6 ± 9.4) years,BMI (26.5 ± 3.1) kg/m2,tPSA (19.5 ± 4.1) ng/ml,biopsy Gleason score 6(6-7),prostate volume (33.4 ± 15.8) ml and IIEF-5 score 12 (10-16)] were collected.Preoperative study revealed 8 cases of cT1c,1 case of cT2a and 1 case of cT2b.All patients were continent preoperatively.During the surgical procedure,the bladder was opened,and a circumferential incision was then made around the internal urethral orifice.Initially,posterior dissection of bilateral vas deferens and seminal vesicles was performed,followed by posterior dissection towards apex.Lateral dissection of neurovascular bundles was performed before anterior dissection towards apex.The exposed urethra was transected and specimen was removed.Vesicourethral anastomosis and closure of bladder was performed in a standard way.Results All 10 cases were successfully performed robotically without conversion,transfusion or other major intraoperative or postoperative complications.Postoperative pathology confirmed 6 cases of pT2a,3 cases of pT2b and 1 case of pT2c [median Gleason score 6 (6-7)].One case was reported positive surgical margin.Operative time was (140.5 ± 35.5) mins.Estimated blood loss was (65.5 ± 35.5) ml.Urethral catheter was removed at 7 days postoperatively.Nine patients achieved urinary continence (0 pads) immediately after the removal of urinary catheter,while 1 patient returned to full continence at 2 weeks postoperatively.During a mean follow-up of 3 months (2-4 months),no biochemical recurrence was detected (tPSA ＜ 0.2 ng/ml).At 2 months postoperatively,IIEF-5 score was 11 (8-13) and no statistically difference was made compared with preoperative data (p ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Transvesical approach is a valid alternative of RARP in patients bearing localized low-risk prostate cancer.Tumor control and preservation of erectile function remains to be determined by long term follow-up.

1,3-propanediol production with the byproduct of biodiesel production is important to increase the economic benefit of biodiesel industry. Accumulation of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde is one of the key problems in the 1,3-propanediol fermentation process, leading to the cell death and the fermentation abnormal ceasing. Different from the traditional way of reducing the accumulation of the 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, we introduced the polyhydroxybutyrate pathway into the Klebsiella pneumoniae for the first time to enhance the tolerance of K. pneumoniae to 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, at the same time, to improve the 1,3-propanediol production. Plasmid pDK containing phbC, phbA, phbB gene was constructed and transformed into K. pneumoniae successfully. PHB was detected in the engineered K. pneumoniae after IPTG induction and its content enhanced with the IPTG concentration increasing. The optimized IPTG concentration was 0.5 mmol/L. The constructed K. pneumoniae could produce 1,3-propanediol normally, at the same time accumulate polyhydroxybutyrate. With the constructed strain, the fermentation proceeds normally with the initial glucose was 70 g/L which the wild type strain stopped growing and the fermentation was ceasing; 1,3-propanediol concentration and yield reached 31.3 g/L and 43.9% at 72 h. Our work is helpful for the deep understanding of 1,3-propanediol metabolic mechanism of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and also provides a new way for strain optimization of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Genetic Engineering ; methods ; Hydroxybutyrates ; metabolism ; Industrial Microbiology ; methods ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Polymers ; metabolism ; Propylene Glycols ; metabolism

Objective To investigate whether elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels could induce endothelial - to - mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and adipocyte transition in endothelial cells (ECs), and to determine the possible underlying mechanism. Methods (1) A rat model of secondary hyperparathyroidism and chronic kidney disease (CKD) was established. The adiposity in bone marrow was detected by oil red O staining. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the expression and localization of cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) and fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP1). (2) The human umbilical vein ECs were cultured in vitro. Western blotting was performed to detect protein expressions of EndMT-related markers CD31, FSP1 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in interference groups with different PTH concentrations (0, 10-11, 10-9, 10-7 mol/L PTH for 48 h) and times (0, 12, 24, 48 h, 10-7 mol/L PTH), as well as the expression of β-catenin in interference groups with different PTH concentrations. The localizations of CD31, FSP1 and β - catenin were observed by cell immunofluorescence. Protein expressions of adipocytes markers peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α (C/EBP-α) by Western blotting and the degree of adipogenesis by oil red O staining were detected after transformed ECs were cultured in adipogenic culture medium for one week. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was performed to silenceβ - catenin expression. ECs were divided into control siRNA group, β - catenin siRNA group, PTH +control siRNA group and PTH+β-catenin siRNA group. Protein expressions of CD31, FSP1 and PPAR-γby Western blotting and the degree of adipogenesis by oil red O staining were determined. Results (1) In vivo, compared with the control, CKD rats had increased adipocytes in bone marrow (P＜0.05), and the co-expression of CD31 and FSP1 in bone marrow ECs. (2) In vitro, PTH significantly inhibited the expression of endothelial marker CD31 and increased the expressions of mesenchymal markers FSP1 and α-SMA in concentration-and time-dependent manners. These indexes in 10-7 mol/L PTH group and 0 mol/L PTH group, in 48 h group and 0 h group showed statistical differences (all P＜0.05). In PTH group ECs with 10-7 mol/L PTH for 48 h showed FSP1 accumulation in the cytoplasm and reduced expressions of CD31, and ECs had higher expressions of PPAR-γ and C/EBP-α as well as the degree of adipogenesis than those in control group (all P＜0.05). Furthermore, PTH enhanced the nuclearβ-catenin protein levels in ECs in concentration-dependent. The expressions of β-catenin in 10-7 mol/L PTH group and 0 mol/L PTH group showed statistical differences (P＜0.05). β - catenin expressed in the cytoplasm in control group, while it enter into the nucleus in PTH group. Compared with those in PTH+control siRNA group, the expressions of CD31 and PPAR-γ as well as the degree of adipogenesis decreased in PTH+β-catenin siRNA group (all P＜0.05), while the expression of FSP1 increased (P＜0.05). Conclusions PTH induces ECs - to - adipocytes transition by the canonical Wnt/β - catenin signaling pathway, which might account for bone loss in CKD. Silenced β - catenin expression can inhibit PTH-induced EndMT and adipogenesis.