Objective To determine wherher acarbose could decrease the risk of recurrent stroke in impaired glucose tolerance(IGT)patients with ischemic stroke.Methods Four hundred and sixteen patients with transient ischemic attack(TIA)or minor ischemic stroke were selected into this trial and participated 75g oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)1 month after their diagnosis and recovery of the disease.One hundred and nineteen IGT patients were randomly divided into two groups.Patients in pharmaceutical intervention group were treated with acarhose while those in the observation group were not.Seventy patients were selected randomly in those patients without IGT(control group).All patients of the three groups were administered low dose aspirin.Results During 3 years follow-up,8 patients (13.33%)experienced a stroke in pharmaceutical intervention group.The risk of recurrent stroke was decreased significantly compared with that in observation group(P＜0.05),and there Was no significant difference between pharmaceutical intervention group and control group (P＞0.05). Conclusion Acarbose can degrade the risk of recurrent stroke in IGT patients with ischemic stroke.

BACKGROUND: Cervical orthosis is one of the non-surgical therapeutic methods for the remedy of cervical deformities. The introduction of cervical orthosis into the clinical remedy of cervical deformities resulted by burn can maximally restore the cervical function of the patients.OBJECTIVE: To analyse the clinical applicative mode and the effects of moulded cervical orthosis (MCO) on cervical burn.DESIGN: A before-and-after verification study by employing pateitns as subjects.SETTING: Prosthetics and orthotic department in a provincial artificial limb center.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 19 cases including 13 males and 6 females after skin-transplantation due to serious burn in head, neck and chest admitted by the outpatient department of prosthetics center between January and September 2003.METHODS: Nineteen patients with cervical burn wore MCO. Return visits were made afterwards for the evaluation of the treatment effects of MCO.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Resutls of therapeutic effectiveness evaluation.RESULTS: All nineteen patients with cervical deformities due to burn reached the effects of correcting cervical flexion and restoring cervical functions through wearing orthosis. The cervical functions restored entirely in seven cases, almost restored in eight cases and improved in four cases.CONCLUSION: MCO can be clinically used on cervical deformities resulted by burn and provide good effects on remedy and rehabilitation.

The detection of blood flow velocity has great significance for blood vessel monitoring and the research of cardiovascular pathogenesis. Blood flow velocity measurement based on ultrasonic is becoming more and more popular in doctors and patients compare to several other techniques in nowadays, as they are non-invasive, cheap and fast. Most of the traditional ultrasonic blood flow velocity measurement methods are based on the Doppler frequency shift, but theses methods have some limitations, such as angle dependence, limited spatial resolution and so on. Therefore, blood flow velocity techniques based on non-Doppler frequency shift also get rapid development in recent years. This article mainly summarizes the techniques of blood flow velocity estimation based on ultrasonic in these two aspects.
Blood Flow Velocity ; Humans ; Ultrasonography

Objective_To study the effect of Y-27632 on invasion and motility of SGC-7901 gastric carcinoma cells, and to find whether Y-27632 excerts the effect by attenuating SRF expression.Methods_SGC-7901 gastric carcinoma cells were divided into 3 groups:1)blank control group;2)Y-27632 group;3)siRNA-SRF-1107 group. Transfected siRNA-SRF or incubated by Y-27632 48 h.The effect of Y-27632 on proliferation suppressions of SGC-7901 gastric carcinoma cells was detected by CCK-8 assay.Cell invasion was examined by Transwell and wound healing test.The expression of SRF, ROCK1, E-cadherin, β-catenin, F-actin, MRTF-A and Cyclin D1 were detected by Western blot.Results_Y-27632 inhibited invasion (P<0.05)but had no effect on proliferation of SGC-7901 gastric carcinoma cells.Y-27632 reduced ROCK1, MRTF-A, F-actin, SRF protein expressions by 37.0%, 44.3%, 62.7%and 62.7%respectively, and E-cadherin protein expression was up-regulated by 2.64 folds(P<0.05).Conclusions_The inhibition of ROCK and up-regulation of E-cadherin by Y-27632 can inhibit the invasion and migration of SGC-7901 gastric carcinoma cells that is explained at least, in part, by attenuating SRF expression.

Objective:To determine children ’ s health status and influential factors in Nujiang prefecture , Yun-nan.Methods:Rickets morbidity rate , growth retardation rate , and low-weight rate were selected as the key indica-tors to calculate the sample size by using four-stage-sampling procedure .The data was collected through questionnaire survey, in-depth interviews, and focus-group discussions .χ2 test and qualitative analysis were used to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data .Results:The infant mortality rate was 13.14 %in 2011, which was 1.1 and 1.15 times more than the national and provincial average .The mortality rate of children under five was 16.35%in 2011, which was 1.05 and 1.13 times more than the national and provincial average .It was also 2.19 times more than the average in developed countries .The prevalence of medium and severe malnutrition in children under five was 2 .32%, which was 1 .54 times more than the national average .The incidence of low birth weight was 1 .41%.The research shows that the rates of rickets , growth retardation , and low-weight were 36.13%, 25.81%and 20.98%,and nutritional diseases are more serious .Conclusion:There are serious health problems for children in Nujiang pre-fecture, especially nutritional diseases .Influential factors include health policy and system , economic development, customs, geography, health service capacity , and parental health knowledge Suggestion:The government should im-prove top-level design , strengthen policy support , and develop the local economy in order to solve the social and poli-cy environment factors .Institutions and human capacity should be strengthened , access and quality of services should be improved , health education should be popularized , and health awareness and behaviors should be improved .

In this paper , we summarize the theoretical models and research progress about program evaluation and practical situation of children ’ s health in Nujiang prefecture .We then develop a framework for comprehensively evaluating the intervention for children ’ s health based on program theory .This framework comprises the outside pro-gram environment , intervention action modules and change modules , and assessment techniques environment .The e-valuation mainly includes leading agencies , implementing agencies , coordinating agencies , coordination/implementa-tion personnel , intervention and service standards , the environment and atmosphere , target populations , interven-tions, determinants, outcome and effect .

The Theory of Change holds that the change in a project ’ s effectiveness can be derived from the changing process in the certain context .Only after analyzing changes caused by a project and the possible changing path or hypothesis can we determine the real cause of an effect .In 2012, the maternal, child and community health department of the former Ministry of Health began a comprehensive intervention project for children ’ s health in Nu-jiang Prefecture .The project was designed to explore modes and mechanisms for improving children ’ s health in the west, poverty and ethnic minority areas through cooperation at the national , provincial, and prefecture levels.Based on the Theory of Change , this article describes the logical framework of the comprehensive intervention project .In or-der to lay the foundation for improving the project design , ensuring the implementation of the project and conducting the follow-up monitoring and evaluation , we also expound the goals , implementation strategies , and intervention measures, project activities and output , implementation routes .

Objective To investigate the effects of geraniin on platelet aggregation and platelet-neutrophil interactions.Methods Platelet aggregation,in vitro and ex vivo,was determined by use of Born's method,and the binding of thrombin-stimulated platelets to neutrophils was observed based on the rosette assay.Intracellular calcium concentration of platelets was measured by using Fura-2-AM.Results Geraniin in vitro significantly inhibited arachidonic acid (AA)-,adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-,or platelet activating factor (PAF)-induced platelet aggregation,in a concentration-dependent manner.The medium inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were 2.4,0.4 and 1.1 μmol/L,respectively.Intragastric geraniin at 5 mg/kg markedly suppressed platelet aggregation induced by AA,ADP,or PAF.Geraniin decreased the total rise of [Ca2+]i,Ca2+ release,and Ca2+ influx,in a concentration-dependant manner.The IC50 values were 71.9,84.9,and 62.9 μmol/L,respectively.Geraniin decreased the binding of thrombin-stimulated platelets to neutrophils,and significantly inhibited washed platelet aggregation stimulated by fMLP-activated neutrophils.The IC50 values were 3.2 and 10.2 μmol/L,respectively.Conclusion It is suggested that geraniin inhibited platelet aggregation in vitro and ex vivo,decreased the calcium mobilization of platelets,and suppressed the interactions between platelets and neutrophils.

Purpose To investigate the effects and the mechanism of oleum curcumae wenchowensis (OCW) with different concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg/mL) on chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K-562 cells in vitro.Methods The apoptosis of K-562 cells was dyed by Hoechest 33258 and detected by flow cytometry marked with Annexin V/PI. The Expression of Fas/FasL, bcr/abl, bcl-2 and p53 was detected by semi-quantity reverse transcript-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot.Results The results showed that the apoptosis rates were gradually elevated. The expression of Fas and FasL protein was increased in a concentration dependent manner, while bcr/abl, bcl-2 and p53 had no significant changes.Conclusion OCW could induce the apoptosis of K-562 cells by up-regulating the expression of Fas/FasL protein.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment strategies of undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells of pancreas (UCOGCP).Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 5 patients with UCOGCP who were admitted to Peking University First Hospital from January 2004 to January 2019 were collected. There were 1 male and 4 females, aged from 33 to 71 years, with a median age of 56 years. Patients underwent preoperative laboratory test, imaging and histopatho-logical examinations. Patients with pancreatic head tumors underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy, and those with tumors in the body or tail of pancreas underwent distal pancreatectomy combined with splenectomy. All patients underwent standard lymph node dissection. Postoperative adjuvant therapy was individually decided by a multidisciplinary team. Observation indicators: (1) preopera-tive examination and treatment; (2) postoperative histopathological situations; (3) follow-up. Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect tumor recurrence of patients up to January 2020. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD. Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range). Count data were described as absolute numbers. Results:(1) Preoperative examination and treatment: of the 5 UCOGCP patients, CA19-9 was elevated as 65.43 U/mL in only 1 patient preoperatively, while the CA19-9 was normal in other 4 patients. Four patients showed a solid cystic mass on preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan, and 1 patient showed a delayed peripheral enhancement of the solid tumor with central necrosis. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan showed hypointense signals on T1, T2 and weighted diffusion sequences in all 5 patients. Three of the 5 patients were resectable according to imaging data, 1 patient had locally advanced tumor, infiltrating the transverse colon, stomach, and partial small intestine, with the portal vein thrombus, and 1 patient had pancreatic head tumor with a liver metastatic lesion of 0.4 cm diameter which was detected on position emission tomography CT and was diagnosed as UCOGCP by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. All patients underwent radical resection. Of the 3 patients with resectable tumors, 2 patients underwent pancreaticoduo-denectomy and 1 patient underwent distal pancreatectomy combined with splenectomy. One patient with locally advanced tumor in the body and tail of pancreas underwent distal pancreatectomy + transverse colostomy + partial gastrectomy + portal vein thrombectomy, and 1 patient with pancreatic head tumor and liver metastasis underwent pancreatoduodenectomy combined with left lateral hepatectomy. Of the 5 patients, 2 received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with single-agent gemcitabine, 1 received albumin-paclitaxel+gemcitabine combination chemotherapy, 1 received S1 as single agent chemotherapy, and 1 did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. (2) Postoperative histopathological situations: of the 5 patients, 4 cases showed a cystic solid appearance of gross specimens, and 1 case had a solid appearance with central hemorrhagic necrosis. The tumor diameter was 5.2 cm(range, 2.0?14.0 cm). All the 5 patients achieved negative margins. Of the 5 patients, there was 1 case with portal vein invasion, 2 cases with vascular invasion, 3 cases with perineural invasion, and 2 cases with regional lymph node metastasis. One patient may had multiple tumor invasion and metastasis. Four of 5 patients had paraffin specimens available for immuno-histochemical staining. Four patients were positive for both CD68 and vimentin stains, while 3 patients were positive for programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), including 2 samples with 5% positive cells and 1 sample with 25% positive cells. Postoperative pathological examination showed a large number of spindle histiocytoid sarcoma cells scattered with osteoclast like giant cells and pleomorphic carcinoma giant cells. The tumor mutation burden in the 4 patients was 3.23 Muts/Mb(range, 2.61?21.77 Muts/Mb). Microsatellite status was stable in 4 patients. The next generation sequencing of 4 patients showed that all patients had KRAS mutation which was the most frequently mutation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Of the 4 patients, 1 case had germline pathogenic mutation in TP53, 1case had somatic mutation in TP53, 1 case had somatic mutation in TP53, BLM, CDKN2A, and 1 case had somatic mutation in ARID1A. (3) Follow-up: 5 patients were followed up for 14?173 months, with a median follow-up time of 46 months. During the follow-up, 4 patients achieved disease-free survival and 1 patient had local recurrence at postoperative 11 months.Conclusions:UCOGCP is a rare variant of pancreatic tumor that exhibits a cystic solid mass in imaging examinations. High expression of PD-L1 is common in UCOGCP. The prognosis for UCOGCP is favorable following radical surgery. Patients may benefit from extended radical surgery even if the tumor has locally progression or distant metastasis.