Objective To investigate the effects of geraniin on platelet aggregation and platelet-neutrophil interactions.Methods Platelet aggregation,in vitro and ex vivo,was determined by use of Born's method,and the binding of thrombin-stimulated platelets to neutrophils was observed based on the rosette assay.Intracellular calcium concentration of platelets was measured by using Fura-2-AM.Results Geraniin in vitro significantly inhibited arachidonic acid (AA)-,adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-,or platelet activating factor (PAF)-induced platelet aggregation,in a concentration-dependent manner.The medium inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were 2.4,0.4 and 1.1 μmol/L,respectively.Intragastric geraniin at 5 mg/kg markedly suppressed platelet aggregation induced by AA,ADP,or PAF.Geraniin decreased the total rise of [Ca2+]i,Ca2+ release,and Ca2+ influx,in a concentration-dependant manner.The IC50 values were 71.9,84.9,and 62.9 μmol/L,respectively.Geraniin decreased the binding of thrombin-stimulated platelets to neutrophils,and significantly inhibited washed platelet aggregation stimulated by fMLP-activated neutrophils.The IC50 values were 3.2 and 10.2 μmol/L,respectively.Conclusion It is suggested that geraniin inhibited platelet aggregation in vitro and ex vivo,decreased the calcium mobilization of platelets,and suppressed the interactions between platelets and neutrophils.

Objective To investigate the differences of protein and mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in osteoclasts (OC) and osteoclast-like cells (OLC) obtained by mechanical and inducement methods. Methods Mechanical separation method was used to separate mature osteoclasts from long bones of SD rats aged one-day;and inducement culture method was applied to induce OLC by using RANKL (100 ng/mL) and M-CSF (100 ng/mL) . The protein expression of MMP-9 was measured by immunocytochemistry and mRNA expression of MMP-9 was assayed by in situ hybridization. Results The integral optical density (IOD) and average optical density (AOD) of positive cells in the visual field were higher in the 12-d group of inducement method as compared with the 3 d-group of mechanical method. Conclusions It is suggested that the protein and mRNA expression of MMP-9 in OLC obtained by 12 d inducement method is much high than in OC obtained by 3 d mechanical method. OLC obtained by inducement method can be applied in the study of osteoporosis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of everting resection natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) on postoperative function in patients with colorectal cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 78 patients with colorectal cancer treated in Chongqing Bishan District People's Hospital from June 2019 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the selected surgical methods, they were divided into the study group (45 cases) and the control group (33 cases). The control group underwent traditional laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer, and the study group underwent everting resection NOSES. Perioperative indicators such as intraoperative bleeding, operation time, postoperative exhaust time and hospitalization time were observed in the two groups. Anal function indicators [anal constriction pressure, fecal incontinence severity score (Wexner score)], coagulation function indicators [activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT)], the levels of inflammatory factors [interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP)] and pain factors [nerve growth factor (NGF), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), neuropeptide Y (NPY)] before and after operation were compared between the two groups.Results:There were no significant differences in intraoperative bleeding and operation time between the two groups ( t values were 1.30 and 0.56, both P > 0.05); the postoperative exhaust time and hospitalization time of the study group were shorter than those of the control group ( t values were 26.88 and 7.42, both P < 0.05). At 3 months after operation, the anal constriction pressure in the two groups was lower than that before operation [study group: (177±10) mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) vs. (184±10) mmHg, t = 3.22, P < 0.001; control group: (178±10) mmHg vs. (184±10) mmHg, t = 2.36, P = 0.020]; the Wexner score was higher than that before operation [study group: (9.0±1.2) points vs. (7.9±1.2) points, t = 4.26, P < 0.001; control group: (10.3±1.2) points vs. (7.9±1.2) points, t = 7.80, P < 0.001], and the Wexner score in the study group was lower than that in the control group ( t = 4.57, P < 0.001). At 1 day after operation, APTT and PT in the two groups were shorter than those before operation (all P < 0.05), and APTT and PT in the study group were shorter than those in the control group [APTT: (26.2±2.2) s vs. (28.3±2.2) s, t = 4.23, P < 0.001; PT: (9.34±0.17) s vs.(11.03±0.41) s, t = 24.93, P < 0.001]. At 1 day after operation, the levels of IL-6 and CRP in the two groups were higher than those before operation (all P < 0.05); the levels of IL-6 and CRP in the study group were lower than those in the control group [IL-6: (8.6± 2.2) ng/L vs. (17.2±3.1) ng/L, t = 14.26, P < 0.001; CRP: (2.16±0.22) mg/L vs. (2.99±0.24) mg/L, t = 15.84, P < 0.001]. At 1 day after operation, the levels of NGF, PGE2 and NPY in the two groups were higher than those before operation (all P < 0.05), and the levels of NGF, PGE2 and NPY in the study group were lower than those in the control group [NGF: (302±7) pg/ml vs. (319±8) pg/ml, t = 9.76, P < 0.001; PGE2: (189±4) ng/L vs. (196±5) ng/L, t = 6.56, P < 0.001; NPY: (164±10) ng/L vs. (177±11) ng/L, t = 5.36, P < 0.001]. Conclusions:Everting resection NOSES can effectively shorten the postoperative exhaust time and hospitalization time of patients with colorectal cancer, have less impact on coagulation function and anal function, reduce the inflammatory reaction and the level of pain factors.

Arabidopsis BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE1 (BIK1) is a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase acting early in multiple signaling pathways important for plant growth and innate immunity. It is known to form a signaling complex with a cell-surface receptor FLS2 and a co-receptor kinase BAK1 to transduce signals upon perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Although site-specific phosphorylation is speculated to mediate the activation and function of BIK1, few studies have been devoted to complete profiling of BIK1 phosphorylation residues. Here, we identified nineteen in vitro autophosphorylation sites of BIK1 including three phosphotyrosine sites, thereby proving BIK1 is a dual-specificity kinase for the first time. The kinase activity of BIK1 substitution mutants were explicitly assessed using quantitative mass spectrometry (MS). Thr-237, Thr-242 and Tyr-250 were found to most significantly affect BIK1 activity in autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of BAK1 in vitro. A structural model of BIK1 was built to further illustrate the molecular functions of specific phosphorylation residues. We also mapped new sites of FLS2 phosphorylation by BIK1, which are different from those by BAK1. These in vitro results could provide new hypotheses for more in-depth in vivo studies leading to deeper understanding of how phosphorylation contributes to BIK1 activation and mediates downstream signaling specificity.
Amino Acids ; chemistry ; Arabidopsis ; enzymology ; Arabidopsis Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Immunity, Innate ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; chemistry ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Signal Transduction ; Threonine ; genetics

Objective:To study on the association between vasoactive-inotropic score(VIS) and mortality of total arch replacement in Stanford type A aortic dissection(TAAD) patients.Methods:Data of TAAD patients admitted from January 2018 to November 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 187 patients were finally included in the analysis. 30-day mortality was calculated and the patients were divided into death group(18 cases) and non-death group(169 cases). The VIS at each time point and perioperative indexes of the two groups were compared. The value of VIS in predicting mortality was analyzed.Results:The 30-day mortality was 9.63%(18/187). The operation time, cardiopulmonary bypass time, ventilator assistance time, the incidence of tracheotomy and major postoperative complications in the death group were significantly higher than those in the non-death group( P<0.05). VIS of death group was significantly higher than that of non-death group( P<0.05). At each time point, the area under ROC curve(AUC) of VIS was greater than 0.500( P<0.05), among which AUC of ICU 48 h VIS was the largest(0.817), and the best cut-off point of ICU 48 h VIS was determined to be 9, sensitivity 61.1%, specificity 92.3%. Logistic regression analysis showed that ICU 48 h VIS was an independent risk factor for predicting the death of total arch replacement in TAAD patients( OR=1.465, 95% CI: 1.194-1.796, P<0.001). Conclusion:When ICU 48 h VIS≥9, the risk of death was increased in patients with total arch replacement of TAAD. VIS may be a useful reference index for predicting the mortality of total arch replacement in TAAD patients in the early postoperative period.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and prognosis between fluorescent laparoscopic and conventional laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer.Methods:A total of 114 colorectal cancer patients in Bishan District People's Hospital of Chongqing from June 2019 to January 2021 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into two groups according to the diagnosis and treatment time. Forty-four patients receiving treatment from June 2019 to February 2020 were enrolled as group A, and 70 patients receiving treatment from March 2020 to January 2021 were set as group B. Patients in group A received fluorescent laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer, and patients in group B received conventional laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, metastatic lymph node clearance rate, clinical efficacy (the overall response rate was calculated as complete remission + partial remission), postoperative complication rate and recurrence rate within 1 year were compared between the two groups.Results:The clearance rate of metastatic lymph nodes was 86.95% (40/46) in group A, which was higher than 72.22% (52/72) in group B, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 3.55, P = 0.049). There were no statistical differences in operation time and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The overall response rate was 86.36% (38/44) in group A, which was higher than 74.28% (52/70) in group B, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 5.03, P = 0.024). The incidence of complications in group A was 9.09% (4/44), which was not significantly different from that in group B (11.42%,8/70) ( χ2 = 0.16, P = 0.692). The recurrence rate within 1 year of group A was 11.36% (5/44), which was lower than that of group B (24.42%, 15/70), but the difference was not statistically significant ( χ2 = 1.89, P = 0.169). Conclusions:Compared with conventional laparoscopy, fluorescent laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer has better clinical efficacy, higher clearance rate of metastatic lymph nodes, and does not increase the incidence of postoperative metastasis and complications.