Objective To explore the specific ultrasonic manifestation features of intracranial foreign bodies after firearm injury,and to evaluate the value of ultrasonography in detecting intracranial foreign bodies.Methods ① The specific ultrasonic manifestation features of intracranial foreign bodies were summarized by making ultrasonic scanning over known foreign bodies of different types inserted before hand in around the injury tracts.②With the summary,ultrasonic scanning was made to the foreign bodies with unknown size and types,the result was confirmed with the fetched-out foreign bodies,and the coincidence of ultrasonography in scanning the intracranial foreign bodies after firearm injury was evaluated.Results Ultrasonography could distinguish intracranial foreign bodies from brain parenchyma,intraeranial foreign bodies of different types had different ultrasonic manifestation features.The size and the materials of the foreign bodies had certain affection on the result of ultrasonic scanning.The accuracy of qualitative judgement in scanning the intracranial foreign bodies was 71.52％,and the accuracy in scanning the foreign bodies with diameter ＞ 0.5 cm was higher than that with the diameter ＜ 0.5 cm.The coincidence in qualitative judgement of the foreign bodies of different materials ranged as follows:bullet (97 ％ )＞ steel ball (81.13％),bone pieces (78％) and glasses (72％) ＞gauze (54.67％) and wood pieces (54.67％).Conclusions The intracranial foreign bodies of different materials have specific ultrasonic manifestation features and ultrasonography can scan out their locations.The coincidence of qualitative judgement in scanning the bodies with diameter over 0.5 cm is high.Ultrasonography may be of important significance in guiding the fetch-out of intracranial foreign bodies on the spot and in raising the rescuing level of firearm injury.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effect of soft tissue expansion combined with follicular unit extraction( FUE) for burn cicatricial bald.

METHODS48 patients with burn cicatricial bald (> 25 cm2) were treated in three stages. The expanders were implanted on the first stage. After expansion for 8 weeks, the expanders were taken out and local flaps were transferred. One year later, follicular unit extraction( FUE) was applied on the bald area.

RESULTS48 cases were followed up for 5 years with satisfactory cosmetic results. The VAS assessment of satisfaction on hair appearance after three-staged surgery was 8.2 ± 2.1.

CONCLUSIONSSoft tissue expansion combined with FUE has a reliable effect for burn cicatricial bald.

Alopecia ; etiology ; surgery ; Burns ; complications ; surgery ; Female ; Hair ; transplantation ; Hair Follicle ; transplantation ; Humans ; Male ; Surgical Flaps ; transplantation ; Tissue Expansion ; methods ; Tissue Expansion Devices

Objective To explore the ultrasonographic characteristics in craniocerebral gunshot injured areas and the value of ultrasound technology for judging the activity of wound tissues. Methods After establishment of the model of penetrated craniocerebral gunshot wound, the ultrasonographic characteristics of the tissues in the injured areas were observed by conventional ultrasound and contrastenhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) ,and compared with the pathological changes of the wound area. Results ①A straight-looking, irregular-edged, easily distinguishable pipe-shaped high-level echo can be seen by conventional ultrasound in craniocerebral gunshot injured areas. ②The pipe-shaped strong echo usually shows non-enhancement by the CEUS,or shows homogeneous hypo-enhancement in some areas. ③Tissues around the pipe-shaped echo usually appears that the homogeneous hypo-enhancing area and non-enhancing area exist together. ④Around the above-mentioned the hypo-enhancing area and non-enhancing area, a hyper-enhancing area can be seen, and appears to be a typical ring-shaped high-level echo in short-axis section of the pipe-shaped echo. ConclusionsConventional ultrasound can easily shows the distribution of craniocerebral gunshot injured areas characterized by pipe-shaped high-level echo, and CEUS can precisely demonstrate necrotic tissues in the gunshot injured areas,distinguish them from the degenerative tissues and normal tissues. The application of ultrasound technology will greatly improve the therapeutic and treatmental level of the craniocerebral gunshot wound.

Objective To explore the value of echo-tracking technique in the detecting the ipsilateral external iliac artery elasticity after gunshot wound in pig limbs.Methods Two-dimensional ultrasound imagings and elasticity parameters of external iliac artery of fifteen pig limbs were obtained respectively,and the results were compared with pre-injury groups.The animals were sacrificed after ultrasonography.Pathological examinations of adjacent external iliac artery of injured pig limbs were analyzed.Results Two-dimensional ultrasound imagings of external iliac arteries had no significant changes post-injury.The changes of elasticity parameters were significiant differences in the injured group comparing with the pre-injured group (P ＜0.05),including the increased stiffness parameter(β),pressure-strain elasticity modulus (Ep)and the decreased arterial compliance(AC).Pathological result showed that the internal elastic lamina of artery detected were flat,endothelial cells came off discontinuously and structure of them were undefined.Conclusions Echo-tracking technique can find the elastic changes of adjacent artery indirect injured by gunshot wound sensitively and which can suggest the occurrence of vascular indirect injury.

Objective To assess the diagnostic value of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in liver metastases. Methods Thirty-six patients were examined with conventional ultrasonography, then underwent continuous real-time CEUS with low mechanical index. The size, location, number and perfusion patterns of liver metastases were evaluated. Results In 36 patients, 67 liver metastases were found with conventional ultrasound and 106 liver metastasis were found with CEUS. The perfusion patterns of lesions were in four types: ①Thirty-seven lesions (34.91%) showed as total enhancement during the early arterial phase and hypoechoic appearance during the portal venous phase and the late phase;②Fifty-six lesions (52.83%) showed a peripheral rim-like hyperechonic enhancement during the arterial phase and fast wash-out in the portal phase;③Twelve lesions (11.32%) showed as isoechoic enhancement during the arterial phase and the portal phase and was hypoechoic in the late phase;④One lesion (0.94%) showed hypoechoic appearance during all phases. The dimension of the lesions played an important role in the perfusion patterns. Conclusion The enhancement pattern and time of lesions are closely correlated with the tumor arterial supply. CEUS has high value in diagnosing liver metastases.

This study examined the protective effect of ischemic postconditioning (IPoC) and minocycline postconditioning (MT) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in atherosclerosis (AS) animals and the possible mechanism. Forty male healthy rabbits were injected with bovine serum albumin following feeding on a high fat diet for 6 weeks to establish AS model. AS rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: (1) I/R group, the rabbits were subjected to myocardial ischemia for 35 min and then reperfusion for 12 h; (2) IPoC group, the myocardial ischemia lasted for 35 min, and then reperfusion for 20 s and ischemia for 20 s [a total of 3 cycles (R20s/I20s×3)], and then reperfusion was sustained for 12 h; (3) MT group, minocycline was intravenously injected 10 min before reperfusion. The blood lipids, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), soluble cell adhesion molecule (sICAM), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) were biochemically determined. The myocardial infarction size (IS) and apoptosis index (AI) were measured by pathological examination. The expression of bcl-2 and caspase-3 was detected in the myocardial tissue by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that the AS models were successfully established. The myocardial IS, the plasma levels of MDA, sICAM, MPO and cTnT, and the enzymatic activity of MPO were significantly decreased, and the plasma SOD activity was significantly increased in IPoC group and MT group as compared with I/R group (P<0.05 for all). The myocardial AI and the caspase-3 mRNA expression were lower and the bcl-2 mRNA expression was higher in IPoC and MT groups than those in I/R group (all P<0.05). It is concluded that the IPoC and MT can effectively reduce the I/R injury in the AS rabbits, and the mechanisms involved anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, up-regulation of bcl-2 expression and down-regulation of caspase-3 expression. Minocycline can be used as an effective pharmacologic postconditioning drug to protect myocardia from I/R injury.

Objective To investigate the cognitive difference between uni-modal (V,A) and bi-modal (VA)target stimuli from both vision and audition,and then to study the neural mechanisms of bi-modal enhancement.Methods This experiment adopted a speeded target stimuli detection task, both behavioral and electroencephalographic responses to uni-modal and bi-modal target stimuli which were combined from visual and auditory target stimuli,were recorded from 14 normal subjects using a 64-channel EEG NeuroScan system.The differences of cognitive between uni-modal and bi-modal stimulus were tested from both behavioral (reaction time (RT) and error rate (ER)) and event-related potentials (ERPs) (P2 latency and amplitude,P3 latency and amplitude)data,and the correlation between behavioral and ERPs results were analyzed.Results As a result,the RT,ER and P3 latency has significant difference between uni-modal and bi-modal target stimuli.In addition,there were significant correlation between behavioral data and P3 latency,especially from the RT and P3 latency.Conclusion By comparing the difference between uni-modal and bi-modal from both behavioral and ERPs results,we could reached the conclusion that the neural mechanism of bi-modal target detection was predominant over that of vision and audition uni-modal target detection,the enhancement take place not only involved in early ERP components (such as P1 and N1),but engaged at the late ERP components (such as P2 and P3).

To clone and express the gene encoding chicken aminopeptidase N (chAPN), and analysis the biological function of chAPN expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli). The chAPN gene was amplified by RT-PCR from the kidney cells of chicken embryo and then cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pCOLD-TF. Recombinant expression plasmid of pCOLD-TF-chAPN was constructed and then transformed into the competent E. coli BL21(DE3) cells for expression under different conditions such as induction time and inductor concentrations. Purified soluble recombinant chAPN was obtained by Ni-NTA His Bind Resin affinity chromatography and identified by SDS-PAGE gel and Western blotting assay. Its biological function was detected by its reaction with Leu-PNA and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The results showed that the expression product of chAPN gene in E. coli was soluble. It was able to bind infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) dose-dependently. In conclusion, chAPN gene has been successfully cloned and expressed in E. coli, which will establish a basis for further research the enzymatic activity and antiviral function.
Animals ; CD13 Antigens ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Chickens ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To analyze and discussed the incidence and clinical feature of the hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy in patient with primary hyperparathyroidism.Methods Thirty seven patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who were hospitalized at the Department of General Surgery,Second Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from Jan 2012 to Sep.2016,their clinical data were analyzed retrospectively.Divided in 4 groups by symton,count the incidence of hypocalcemia of each group and hospital stay after operation,analyze and compare the difference of each group,summarize its regularity.SPSS20.0 statistical software was adopted.The results of metering data were indicated by mean and standard deviation,and Kruskal-Wallis group was used to compare the rank.When the sample size was less than 40,the Fisher exact probability method was used for the test,and when the sample size was large,chi-square test was adopted.Results Postoperative hypocalcemia occured in 26 patients in total,the incidence was 70.2％,the average length of hospital stay after parathyroidectomy was 7.2 days;postoperative hypocalcemia occured in 7 patients in bone type group patients,the incidence was 87.5％,the average length of hospital stay after parathyroidectomy was 11.6 days;postoperative hypocalcemia occured in 6 patients in renal type group patients,the incidence was 46.1％,the average length of hospital stay after parathyroidectomy was 5.5 days;postoperative hypocalcemia occured in 10 patients in asymptomatic type group patients,the incidence was 76.9％,the average length of hospital stay after parathyroidectomy was 4.8 days.Mixed type group,digestive system type group and neuropsychiatric type group has 1 patients respectively,and postoperative hypocalcemia occured in all of them.There was statistically significant difference in the incidence of hypocalcemia among bone type group,renal type group and asymptomatic type group (P =0.147),and there was significant difference in the postoperative hospitalization days among groups (x2 =11.202,P =0.004).Conclusions Hypocalcemia is a commom complication after parathyroidectomy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.The incidence of hypocalcemia was highest in bone type group,and it has the longest length of hospital stay,so surgeons should be alert to the occurrence of hypocalcemia in bone type patients most.The severity of hypocalcemia on renal and asymptomatic type patients is lower,they can be discharged from the hospital at discretion as early as possible.

This study examined the protective effect of ischemic postconditioning (IPoC) and minocycline postconditioning (MT) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in atherosclerosis (AS) animals and the possible mechanism. Forty male healthy rabbits were injected with bovine serum albumin following feeding on a high fat diet for 6 weeks to establish AS model. AS rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: (1) I/R group, the rabbits were subjected to myocardial ischemia for 35 min and then reperfusion for 12 h; (2) IPoC group, the myocardial ischemia lasted for 35 min, and then reperfusion for 20 s and ischemia for 20 s [a total of 3 cycles (R20s/I20s×3)], and then reperfusion was sustained for 12 h; (3) MT group, minocycline was intravenously injected 10 min before reperfusion. The blood lipids, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), soluble cell adhesion molecule (sICAM), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) were biochemically determined. The myocardial infarction size (IS) and apoptosis index (AI) were measured by pathological examination. The expression of bcl-2 and caspase-3 was detected in the myocardial tissue by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that the AS models were successfully established. The myocardial IS, the plasma levels of MDA, sICAM, MPO and cTnT, and the enzymatic activity of MPO were significantly decreased, and the plasma SOD activity was significantly increased in IPoC group and MT group as compared with I/R group (P<0.05 for all). The myocardial AI and the caspase-3 mRNA expression were lower and the bcl-2 mRNA expression was higher in IPoC and MT groups than those in I/R group (all P<0.05). It is concluded that the IPoC and MT can effectively reduce the I/R injury in the AS rabbits, and the mechanisms involved anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, up-regulation of bcl-2 expression and down-regulation of caspase-3 expression. Minocycline can be used as an effective pharmacologic postconditioning drug to protect myocardia from I/R injury.
Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; physiopathology ; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial ; methods ; Male ; Minocycline ; pharmacology ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; physiopathology ; Rabbits ; Reperfusion Injury ; physiopathology