Guinea pigs were used to make superficial dermatophytosis models. Fluconazole (FCZ), ciclopirox olamine (CPOM) and terbinafine(TBF) were administered jointly or singly to study the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the course of treatment. The results showed that combined drug therapy can remarkably prevent drug resistance and shorten the course of treatment.

5 ?g/ml effectively inhibited the proliferation of HaCaT cells(P10 ?g/ml(P

High incidence of liver metastases from colorectal cancer was found. To the patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer, regardless of whether the liver metastases could be resected or not, hepatectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was recommended. The combination of cetuximab and chemotherapy based on irinotecan and oxaliplatin as the second-line and first-line for the liver metastases from colorectal cancer could get higher response and longer survival, and more patients got the chance of hepatectomy. However, cetuximab was only good for the colorectal cancer patients with wild-type k-ras.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and short-term outcome of laparoscopic operation for colorectal neoplasm in comparison with open operation procedure for colorectal neoplasm, laparoscopic operation for colorectal neoplasm may be critical in the evolving practice of medieine. Methods 234 cases of colorectal neoplasm were divided into two groups and was analyzed. 103 patients with colorectal neoplasm underwent laparoscopic operation (LCS), while 131 cases received open operation (OCS). Results The mean operating time in laparoscopic operation group was significantly longer than in open operation group (P <0.05). The blood loss was less. Time to pass flatus, time to ambulate and return of bowel function were restored earlier in laparoscopic operation group than that in open operation group (P <0.05). Duration of hospital stay were longer in open operation group than that in laparoscopic operation group (P <0.05). There was not significant difference in the length, distal margin, size of tumors and number of removed lymphatic nodes(P > 0.05) between the two groups. Laparoscopic colorectal resection is better in pathologic sample compared with the traditional open operation procedure. Conclusion Laparoscopic colorectal resection is secure and effective for colorectal neoplasm, and it is with lower blood loss during operation,earlier return of bowel function and shorter hospitalization, and provide better short-term outcome compared with the traditional open procedure.

Multidisciplinary team(MDT)diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer has been adopted by plenty of hospitals as a kind of effective comprehensive therapy.Compared with the traditional diagnosis and treatment methods,MDT diagnosis and treatment achieve standardization of diagnosis and treatment and technical promotion through specialization of the team to ensure better treatment and prognosis of patients.However,MDT diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer is not perfect,which can be limited by two aspects of hospitals and patients and can realize maximum utility with knowledge of its characteristics.This article will try to explore the distribution and usage of the resource in MDT diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer,the advantages over the traditional cure methods and the limits.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is originated from the gastrointestinal mesenchymal stem cells,composed of undifferentiated or pluripotent spindle and epithelioid cells,often occurs in the whole range of the gastrointestinal tract and occasionally in the omentum,mesenterium and other areas which are outside of digestive tract.The treatment is difficult due to broad-spectrum biological behaviour of GIST,while surgery may be the only potential method for curing GIST with a risk of recurrence.Currently,there is still not an evaluative standard in the choice of surgery or imatinib therapy as well as the risk of recurrence.The F/NIH consensus,Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) standard,modified standard of National Institutes of Health(NIH) and consensus of mathematical model which have been widely used cannot accurately evaluate risk probability of recurrence,so the current researches have focused on the postoperative risk assessment for GIST.In recent years,the nomogram model has been applied to predict the risk of GIST recurrence by some scholars,with the better outcomes.

Objective To explore the clinical epidemiological characteristics of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Methods By using the clinical epidemiological study methods, the clinical epidemiological characteristics of GIST in Shanxi province from 2000 to 2005 were investigated and analyzed. Results A total of 181 cases of GIST was found from January 2000 to December 2005. The new cases increased every year, and all of them belonged to the Han nationality. There was no statistical significance between the two sexes. The ages were between 18 to 80 years, and the median age was 57 years. The disease incidence increased along with the increase of age. More cases were found in Taiyuan, Changzhi and Jinzhong city, and most of them lived in the downtown area. GIST may occur in any part of the digestive tract, and the predilection sites were stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum and esophagus. 76.83 % of them were in the gastrointestinal tract, the other 23.17 % were not. The commonest symptoms and physical signs were dysphagia, nausea, vomiting, abdominalgia, abdominal distension, abdominal mass and magersucht. As to the histological types, 70.30 % were spindle cell type, 12.10 % were epithelial cell type, and 17.60 % were mixed cell type. As to the karyokinesis, 49.50 %≤5, 36.30 % was 6~10, and 14.30 %≥10. The immunological expression was as follows: CD117 was 80.20 %, CD34 was 67 %, and no positive expression was found on MCK. Conclusions GIST is a rare tumor, and was sporadic in the populations. The clinical incidence of GIST showed a tendency of gradual increase.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and security of two type of rotary nickel titanium system (Twisted File and ProTaper Universal)for root canal preparation based on micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).Methods:Twenty extracted molars (including 62 canals)were divided into two experimen-tal groups and were respectively instrumented using Twisted File rotary nickel titanium system (TF)and ProTaper Universal rotary nickel titanium system (PU)to #25/0.08 following recommended protocol. Time for root canal instrumentation (accumulation of time for every single file)was recorded.The 0-3 mm root surface from apex was observed under an optical stereomicroscope at 25 ×magnification.The presence of crack line was noted.The root canals were scanned with micro-CT before and after root canal preparation.Three-dimensional shape images of canals were reconstructed,calculated and evaluated. The amount of canal central transportation of the two groups was calculated and compared.Results:The shorter preparation time [(0.53 ±0.1 4)min]was observed in TF group,while the preparation time of PU group was (2.06 ±0.39)min (P<0.05).In mid-root level,TF group shaping resulted in less ca-nal center transportation than PU group [(0.070 ±0.056)mm vs.(0.097 ±0.084)mm,P<0.05]. No instrument separation was observed in both the groups.Cracks were not found in both the groups ei-ther based in micro-CT images or observation under an optical stereomicroscope at 25 × magnification. Conclusion:Compared with ProTaper Universal,Twisted File took less time in root canal preparation and exhibited better shaping ability,and less canal transportation.

Denonvilliers fascia locating between the front of the rectum and urogenital organs is an important barrier separating the urogenital organs and the rectum.It has great significance in the clinical treatment of rectal tumors and genitourinary system tumors.However,controversial on the embryological origins and anatomic characteristics of the Denonvilliers fascias still exist.In this article,the embryonic origin,anatomical structure,adjacent structures and clinical applications of the Denonvilliers fascias were introduced.

Objective To compare the long-term survival rate and safety of laparoscopic surgery(LS)with those of open surgery(OS)in the treatment of colorectal cancer by using Meta-analysis.Methods Randomized controlled trails reported between January 1991 and July 2007 comparing the outcomes of LS and OS in patients with colorectal cancer were collected and analyzed by using RevMan4.2.Results Totally,14 reports involving 4989 colorectal cancer patients were enrolled in this study.Significant difference was found in the morbidity rate of bowel adhesion between the two groups(P=0.002).The long-term outcomes,including the 3-and 5-year survival rates,and the rates of local recurrence and distant metastasis,were not significantly different between the two groups.Conclusions Laparoscopic surgery is effective and safe for colorectal cancer with a similar long-term survival rate as that of the open surgery.