Wearing transfemoral prosthesis is the only way to complete daily physical activity for amputees. Motion pattern recognition is important for the control of prosthesis, especially in the recognizing swing phase and stance phase. In this paper, it is reported that surface electromyography (sEMG) signal is used in swing and stance phase recognition. sEMG signal of related muscles was sampled by Infiniti of a Canadian company. The sEMG signal was then filtered by weighted filtering window and analyzed by height permitted window. The starting time of stance phase and swing phase is determined through analyzing special muscles. The sEMG signal of rectus femoris was used in stance phase recognition and sEMG signal of tibialis anterior is used in swing phase recognition. In a certain tolerating range, the double windows theory, including weighted filtering window and height permitted window, can reach a high accuracy rate. Through experiments, the real walking consciousness of the people was reflected by sEMG signal of related muscles. Using related muscles to recognize swing and stance phase is reachable. The theory used in this paper is useful for analyzing sEMG signal and actual prosthesis control.
Artificial Limbs ; Electromyography ; Humans ; Leg ; Muscle, Skeletal ; physiology ; Walking ; physiology

Objective To develop prototype foamy virus (PFV) detection method by loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Methods Three pairs of primers targeting core region of PFV integrase were designed in this study and Bst DNA polymerase was used to amplify target sequence at 63℃. The system was established with all the conditions optimized. Results The method was established with the plasmid containing target sequence as the template. This method could specifically detect PFV infectious clone, no crossreaction was observed with human immunodeficieney virus infectious clone, bovine immunodefieiency virus infectious clone and bovine foamy virus infectious clone as templates. The detection capability of this system was 50 copy, one order more sensitive than PCR. The amplification could be finished in 15 min and human genomic DNA did not adversely affect the amplification efficiency. Conclusion The PFV detection method by loop-mediated isothermal amplification was established and it had potential usefulness in PFV detection.

AIM: To explore the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H_2S) on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) stimulated by endothelin (ET-1, 10 -7 mol/L ) and mitrogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity in VSMCs. METHODS: Cultured VSMCs were divided into six groups: (1) control group, (2) serum group, (3) endothelin group, (4) NaHS groups, (5) serum+NaHS group, and (6) endothelin+NaHS group. VSMC proliferation was measured by [ 3H]-TdR incorporation and MAPK activity in VSMC was determined by radioactivity assay. RESULTS: ET-1 increased VSMC [ 3H]-TdR incorporation by 2.39 times ( P

Objective To investigate the mechanism of transplantation of autologous adiposederived stem cells (ADSCs) and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) modified ADSCs for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) by the histological detection method.Methods Totally 27 male SD rats (aged 10 weeks,weighted 200-300 g) were randomly divided into the control group,ADSCs group and XIAP ADSCs group (n=9 each).ADSCs were isolated from inguinal adipose tissue in rats and were cultivated in Dulbecco' s modified Eagle' s medium.X-linked inhibitor of apoptotic protein expression plasmid was electrotransfected into ADSCs.Myocardial infarction model was conducted by ligating the left anterior descending artery.The control group was not given any operation.Rats in different groups received direct epicardial injections of normal saline,or ADSCs cell suspension or XIAP modified ADSCs cell suspensions respectively at five sites in the central and border zones of myocardial infarction.Results Compared with control group,the infarct areas were decreased in ADSCs and XIAP ADSCs groups,and some myocardial cells and blood capillaries could be found in the myocardial infarction zone.The capillary number was much more in XIAP-ADSCs group than in ADSCs and control groups [(18.65±1.12) /mm2 vs.(8.68±0.90) /mm2,(18.65±1.12) /mm2 vs.(7.64 ± 0.60)/mm2,t=-22.49,29.91,both P＜0.05].Conclusions Autologus ADSCs and XIAP-ADSCs transplantation may reduce infarction area and inhibit left ventricular remodeling by promoting the regeneration of myocardial cells and blood capillaries,which restores the cardiac function.

Objective To investigate the effects of genistein on the mRNA expressions of collagen (Col), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP ) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP) in human embryonic skin fibroblasts (CCC-ESF-1).MethodsThe cultured CCC-ESF-1cells were divided into a black control group, an estradiol group and genistein groups of different doses. The mRNA expressions of ColⅠ, ColⅢ , MMP-1, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were detected by RT-PCR.Results Compared with the black group, estradiol and medium dose of genistein (0.451 ± 0.037, 0.446 ± 0.047vs.0.385 ± 0.061, allP<0.05) could promote the proliferation of the CCC-ESF-1 cells, estradiol and medium dose of genistein could up-regulate the mRNA expressions of ColⅠ (0.960 ± 0.012, 0.929 ± 0.015vs.0.812 ± 0.014, allP<0.01), ColⅢ (0.892 ± 0.009, 0.824 ± 0.022vs.0.768 ± 0.025, allP<0.01), TIMP-1 (0.841 ± 0.023, 0.838 ± 0.053vs.0.751 ± 0.027, allP<0.01) and TIMP-2 (0.456 ± 0.017, 0.448 ± 0.036vs.0.381 ± 0.029, allP<0.01), and down-regulate MMP-1 mRNAexpression (0.398 ± 0.043, 0.402 ± 0.044vs.0.525 ± 0.006, allP<0.01).Conclusions Genistein could promote the proliferation of the CCC-ESF-1 cells, and that may be related with up-regulating the mRNA expressions of ColⅠ, ColⅢ , MMP-1, TIMP-1and down-regulating MMP-1 mRNA expression.

Objective To study the pinoresinol diglucoside (PDG) on gene regulation role of ESF-1 cells in collagen secretion, to reveal PDG repair mechanisms on scalded skin.Methods The cells cultured in vitro were divided into the control group, the estradiol group and the three different PDG doses groups. The concentration of the high, medium and low dose groups were 100, 10, 1μmol/L, and that of estradiol group were 10-3μmol/L. The activity of proliferation was detected by MTT. Then collagen type I (Col I), collagen typeⅢ (ColⅢ), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) expression levels of mRNA after administration of cells were detected by RT-PCR.Results Compared with the control group, the proliferation of ESF-1 cells (0.559 ± 0.027, 0.552 ± 0.034vs. 0.489 ± 0.027,P<0.05) in the estradiol and medium-dose PDG was significantly higher. The expression level of mRNA of ColⅠ(0.958 ± 0.021, 0.929 ± 0.031, 0.916 ± 0.015vs. 0.844 ± 0.022), ColⅢ (0.783 ± 0.038, 0.918 ± 0.021, 0.855 ± 0.017vs. 0.678 ± 0.024), TIMP-1 (0.939 ± 0.025, 0.889 ± 0.036, 0.853 ±  0.015 vs. 0.780 ± 0.023), TIMP-2 (0.507 ± 0.024, 0.655 ± 0.037, 0.572 ± 0.025vs. 0.405 ± 0.062) in the estradiol, low-, medium-dose PDG groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Besides, the MMP-1 (0.343 ± 0.038, 0.407 ± 0.046, 0.435 ± 0.037vs.0.519 ± 0.041) mRNA expression level in the middle and low dose PDG groups significantly decrease (P<0.05 orP<0.01). Conclusions The PDG could enhance the activity of ESF-1 cell proliferation, increase the expression of related collagen and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases and inhibit that of matrix metalloproteinases to repair scalded skin.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL) in the blood from the coronary sinus and impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in patients with coronary artery disease(CHD).Methods Four groups of patients were subjected,including acute myocardial infarction group(AMI,n=22),unstable angina group(UA,n=29),and stable angina group(SA, n=25) and control group(n=20) who was first suspected as CHD and then verified with normal coronary angiograms.Blood form the coronary sinus was collected through cardiac cathetering and the ox-LDL level was measured by Sandwich ELISA method.Brachial arterial hyperemia-induced flow mediated dilation(FMD) and sublingual nitroglycerin(NTG) mediated vasodilation were measured by high resolution ultrasound.Results The blood level of ox-LDL in patients with CHD was markedly higher than those in control group(P

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)is an autoimmune disease leading to diarrhea,abdominal pain,and weight loss. The pathogenesis of diarrhea remains unclear,however,increasing evidence has shown that the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)is associated with diarrhea. ENaC is crucial in the control of sodium homeostasis,extracellular fluid volume,blood pressure. This article reviewed advances in study on relationship between ENaC and IBD.

Objective:To investigate the radiosensitizing effect and underlying mechanism of STING agonist (c-di-AMP) on cutaneous melanoma cells.Methods:Human cutaneous melanoma cells (A375) were divided into four groups: the control group, 10 μmol/L c-di-AMP group, X-ray irradiation group and X-ray irradiation combined with c-di-AMP group. The radiosensitizing effect of c-di-AMP on A375 cells was detected by CCK-8-based viability assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, flow cytometry-based apoptosis assay, and colony formation assay. Western blot analysis was used to determine the expressions of cell death-related proteins.Results:In combination with 10 Gy X-ray irradiation, 10 μmol/L c-di-AMP showed significant radiosensitization effect in A375 cells, which was evidenced by decreased cell activity ( t=5.11, P<0.05), increased cytotoxicity ( t=10.15, P<0.05) and cell apoptosis ( t=4.41, P<0.05) and reduced clone viability( t=6.30, 3.55, 5.45, 3.55, P<0.05). The calculated radiosensitization ratio of c-di-AMP to A375 cells was 1.88. Moreover, 10 μmol/L c-di-AMP further increased the expressions of cell death-related proteins induced by radiation in A375 cells. Conclusions:The STING agonist c-di-AMP can be used as a radiosensitizer for cutaneous melanoma, which may provide a novel strategy for radiotherapy.

To provide basis for prevention and treatment by analyzing the clinical features, emotional and cognitive states and their correlations of idiopathic tinnitus. Cross-sectional study was used. Thirty-six right, 44 left, and 46 bilateral idiopathic tinnitus patients diagnosed in Beijing Tongren Hospital were prospectively enrolled from October, 2020 to February, 2022. The clinical data was recorded and the THI, DBI, STAI, and MoCA were evaluated. The clinical features and the incidence of severe tinnitus, hearing lose, anxiety, and cognitive impairment were compared by one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis H, and chi-square test. The correlation between tinnitus or hearing and emotional and cognitive states were evaluated by multivariable correlation analysis. There was no significant difference in age, BMI, years of education, tinnitus duration, and the incidence of hearing loss among groups ( F=0.730, P=0.484; F=1.535, P=0.219; F=1.506, P=0.226;χ2=4.242, P=0.120;χ2=6.672, P=0.083). In right, left, and bilateral tinnitus patients, the number of severe tinnitus was 12, 7, and 20 cases and the incidence was 33.3%, 15.9%, and 43.5%; the number of depression was 13, 14, and 26 cases and incidence was 36.1%, 31.8%, and 53.5%; the number of trait anxiety was 3, 2, and 10 cases and the incidence was 8.3%, 4.5%, and 21.7%. Compared with left tinnitus patients, the incidence of severe tinnitus, depression, and trait anxiety was higher in bilateral tinnitus patients (χ2=8.139, P=0.004;χ2=5.558, P=0.018;χ2=5.753, P=0.007). The incidence of state anxiety and cognitive impairment were no significant difference among groups (χ2=0.142, P=0.931;χ2=1.338, P=0.512). The overall incidence of state anxiety and cognitive impairment were 16.7%(21/126) and 37.3%(47/126) respectively. There was positive correlation between THI score and BDI, S-AI, and T-AI scores ( r=0.529, P=0.001; r=0.649, P<0.001; r=0.483, P=0.003) and negative correlation between THI and MoCA scores ( r=-0.364, P=0.029) in right tinnitus group. The positive correlation was found between THI score and BDI, S-AI, and T-AI scores in left tinnitus group ( r=0.508, P<0.001; r=0.506, P<0.001; r=0.357, P=0.017). The positive correlation between THI score and BDI, S-AI, and T-AI scores ( r=0.753, P<0.001; r=0.527, P<0.001; r=0.536, P<0.001) and the positive correlation between tinnitus duration and MoCA score( r=0.334, P=0.023) were also found in bilateral tinnitus group.