Wearing transfemoral prosthesis is the only way to complete daily physical activity for amputees. Motion pattern recognition is important for the control of prosthesis, especially in the recognizing swing phase and stance phase. In this paper, it is reported that surface electromyography (sEMG) signal is used in swing and stance phase recognition. sEMG signal of related muscles was sampled by Infiniti of a Canadian company. The sEMG signal was then filtered by weighted filtering window and analyzed by height permitted window. The starting time of stance phase and swing phase is determined through analyzing special muscles. The sEMG signal of rectus femoris was used in stance phase recognition and sEMG signal of tibialis anterior is used in swing phase recognition. In a certain tolerating range, the double windows theory, including weighted filtering window and height permitted window, can reach a high accuracy rate. Through experiments, the real walking consciousness of the people was reflected by sEMG signal of related muscles. Using related muscles to recognize swing and stance phase is reachable. The theory used in this paper is useful for analyzing sEMG signal and actual prosthesis control.
Artificial Limbs ; Electromyography ; Humans ; Leg ; Muscle, Skeletal ; physiology ; Walking ; physiology

AIM: To explore the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H_2S) on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) stimulated by endothelin (ET-1, 10 -7 mol/L ) and mitrogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity in VSMCs. METHODS: Cultured VSMCs were divided into six groups: (1) control group, (2) serum group, (3) endothelin group, (4) NaHS groups, (5) serum+NaHS group, and (6) endothelin+NaHS group. VSMC proliferation was measured by [ 3H]-TdR incorporation and MAPK activity in VSMC was determined by radioactivity assay. RESULTS: ET-1 increased VSMC [ 3H]-TdR incorporation by 2.39 times ( P

Objective To develop prototype foamy virus (PFV) detection method by loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Methods Three pairs of primers targeting core region of PFV integrase were designed in this study and Bst DNA polymerase was used to amplify target sequence at 63℃. The system was established with all the conditions optimized. Results The method was established with the plasmid containing target sequence as the template. This method could specifically detect PFV infectious clone, no crossreaction was observed with human immunodeficieney virus infectious clone, bovine immunodefieiency virus infectious clone and bovine foamy virus infectious clone as templates. The detection capability of this system was 50 copy, one order more sensitive than PCR. The amplification could be finished in 15 min and human genomic DNA did not adversely affect the amplification efficiency. Conclusion The PFV detection method by loop-mediated isothermal amplification was established and it had potential usefulness in PFV detection.

Objective To investigate the effects of genistein on the mRNA expressions of collagen (Col), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP ) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP) in human embryonic skin fibroblasts (CCC-ESF-1).MethodsThe cultured CCC-ESF-1cells were divided into a black control group, an estradiol group and genistein groups of different doses. The mRNA expressions of ColⅠ, ColⅢ , MMP-1, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were detected by RT-PCR.Results Compared with the black group, estradiol and medium dose of genistein (0.451 ± 0.037, 0.446 ± 0.047vs.0.385 ± 0.061, allP<0.05) could promote the proliferation of the CCC-ESF-1 cells, estradiol and medium dose of genistein could up-regulate the mRNA expressions of ColⅠ (0.960 ± 0.012, 0.929 ± 0.015vs.0.812 ± 0.014, allP<0.01), ColⅢ (0.892 ± 0.009, 0.824 ± 0.022vs.0.768 ± 0.025, allP<0.01), TIMP-1 (0.841 ± 0.023, 0.838 ± 0.053vs.0.751 ± 0.027, allP<0.01) and TIMP-2 (0.456 ± 0.017, 0.448 ± 0.036vs.0.381 ± 0.029, allP<0.01), and down-regulate MMP-1 mRNAexpression (0.398 ± 0.043, 0.402 ± 0.044vs.0.525 ± 0.006, allP<0.01).Conclusions Genistein could promote the proliferation of the CCC-ESF-1 cells, and that may be related with up-regulating the mRNA expressions of ColⅠ, ColⅢ , MMP-1, TIMP-1and down-regulating MMP-1 mRNA expression.

Objective To study the pinoresinol diglucoside (PDG) on gene regulation role of ESF-1 cells in collagen secretion, to reveal PDG repair mechanisms on scalded skin.Methods The cells cultured in vitro were divided into the control group, the estradiol group and the three different PDG doses groups. The concentration of the high, medium and low dose groups were 100, 10, 1μmol/L, and that of estradiol group were 10-3μmol/L. The activity of proliferation was detected by MTT. Then collagen type I (Col I), collagen typeⅢ (ColⅢ), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) expression levels of mRNA after administration of cells were detected by RT-PCR.Results Compared with the control group, the proliferation of ESF-1 cells (0.559 ± 0.027, 0.552 ± 0.034vs. 0.489 ± 0.027,P<0.05) in the estradiol and medium-dose PDG was significantly higher. The expression level of mRNA of ColⅠ(0.958 ± 0.021, 0.929 ± 0.031, 0.916 ± 0.015vs. 0.844 ± 0.022), ColⅢ (0.783 ± 0.038, 0.918 ± 0.021, 0.855 ± 0.017vs. 0.678 ± 0.024), TIMP-1 (0.939 ± 0.025, 0.889 ± 0.036, 0.853 ±  0.015 vs. 0.780 ± 0.023), TIMP-2 (0.507 ± 0.024, 0.655 ± 0.037, 0.572 ± 0.025vs. 0.405 ± 0.062) in the estradiol, low-, medium-dose PDG groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Besides, the MMP-1 (0.343 ± 0.038, 0.407 ± 0.046, 0.435 ± 0.037vs.0.519 ± 0.041) mRNA expression level in the middle and low dose PDG groups significantly decrease (P<0.05 orP<0.01). Conclusions The PDG could enhance the activity of ESF-1 cell proliferation, increase the expression of related collagen and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases and inhibit that of matrix metalloproteinases to repair scalded skin.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of transplantation of autologous adiposederived stem cells (ADSCs) and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) modified ADSCs for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) by the histological detection method.Methods Totally 27 male SD rats (aged 10 weeks,weighted 200-300 g) were randomly divided into the control group,ADSCs group and XIAP ADSCs group (n=9 each).ADSCs were isolated from inguinal adipose tissue in rats and were cultivated in Dulbecco' s modified Eagle' s medium.X-linked inhibitor of apoptotic protein expression plasmid was electrotransfected into ADSCs.Myocardial infarction model was conducted by ligating the left anterior descending artery.The control group was not given any operation.Rats in different groups received direct epicardial injections of normal saline,or ADSCs cell suspension or XIAP modified ADSCs cell suspensions respectively at five sites in the central and border zones of myocardial infarction.Results Compared with control group,the infarct areas were decreased in ADSCs and XIAP ADSCs groups,and some myocardial cells and blood capillaries could be found in the myocardial infarction zone.The capillary number was much more in XIAP-ADSCs group than in ADSCs and control groups [(18.65±1.12) /mm2 vs.(8.68±0.90) /mm2,(18.65±1.12) /mm2 vs.(7.64 ± 0.60)/mm2,t=-22.49,29.91,both P＜0.05].Conclusions Autologus ADSCs and XIAP-ADSCs transplantation may reduce infarction area and inhibit left ventricular remodeling by promoting the regeneration of myocardial cells and blood capillaries,which restores the cardiac function.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL) in the blood from the coronary sinus and impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in patients with coronary artery disease(CHD).Methods Four groups of patients were subjected,including acute myocardial infarction group(AMI,n=22),unstable angina group(UA,n=29),and stable angina group(SA, n=25) and control group(n=20) who was first suspected as CHD and then verified with normal coronary angiograms.Blood form the coronary sinus was collected through cardiac cathetering and the ox-LDL level was measured by Sandwich ELISA method.Brachial arterial hyperemia-induced flow mediated dilation(FMD) and sublingual nitroglycerin(NTG) mediated vasodilation were measured by high resolution ultrasound.Results The blood level of ox-LDL in patients with CHD was markedly higher than those in control group(P

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)is an autoimmune disease leading to diarrhea,abdominal pain,and weight loss. The pathogenesis of diarrhea remains unclear,however,increasing evidence has shown that the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)is associated with diarrhea. ENaC is crucial in the control of sodium homeostasis,extracellular fluid volume,blood pressure. This article reviewed advances in study on relationship between ENaC and IBD.

Objective:To investigate the radiosensitizing effect and underlying mechanism of STING agonist (c-di-AMP) on cutaneous melanoma cells.Methods:Human cutaneous melanoma cells (A375) were divided into four groups: the control group, 10 μmol/L c-di-AMP group, X-ray irradiation group and X-ray irradiation combined with c-di-AMP group. The radiosensitizing effect of c-di-AMP on A375 cells was detected by CCK-8-based viability assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, flow cytometry-based apoptosis assay, and colony formation assay. Western blot analysis was used to determine the expressions of cell death-related proteins.Results:In combination with 10 Gy X-ray irradiation, 10 μmol/L c-di-AMP showed significant radiosensitization effect in A375 cells, which was evidenced by decreased cell activity ( t=5.11, P<0.05), increased cytotoxicity ( t=10.15, P<0.05) and cell apoptosis ( t=4.41, P<0.05) and reduced clone viability( t=6.30, 3.55, 5.45, 3.55, P<0.05). The calculated radiosensitization ratio of c-di-AMP to A375 cells was 1.88. Moreover, 10 μmol/L c-di-AMP further increased the expressions of cell death-related proteins induced by radiation in A375 cells. Conclusions:The STING agonist c-di-AMP can be used as a radiosensitizer for cutaneous melanoma, which may provide a novel strategy for radiotherapy.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection in the treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) in a real-world setting.Methods:This was a real-world ambispective cohort study (MOMENT study) (Chinese clinical trial registry number: ChiCTR2200062067). Clinical data were collected from 198 patients who received mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection as monotherapy or combination therapy at 37 hospitals from January 2022 to January 2023, including 166 patients in the retrospective cohort and 32 patients in the prospective cohort; 10 patients in the treatment-na?ve group and 188 patients in the relapsed/refractory group. Clinical characteristics, efficacy and adverse events were summarized, and the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed.Results:All 198 patients were treated with mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection for a median of 3 cycles (range 1-7 cycles); 28 cases were treated with mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection as monotherapy, and 170 cases were treated with the combination regimen. Among 188 relapsed/refractory patients, 45 cases (23.9%) were in complete remission (CR), 82 cases (43.6%) were in partial remission (PR), and 28 cases (14.9%) were in disease stabilization (SD), and 33 cases (17.6%) were in disease progression (PD), with an objective remission rate (ORR) of 67.6% (127/188). Among 10 treatment-na?ve patients, 4 cases (40.0%) were in CR, 5 cases (50.0%) were in PR, and 1 case (10.0%) was in PD, with an ORR of 90.0% (9/10). The median follow-up time was 2.9 months (95% CI 2.4-3.7 months), and the median PFS and OS of patients in relapsed/refractory and treatment-na?ve groups were not reached. In relapsed/refractory patients, the difference in ORR between patients with different number of treatment lines of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection [ORR of the second-line, the third-line and ≥the forth-line treatment was 74.4% (67/90), 73.9% (34/46) and 50.0% (26/52)] was statistically significant ( P = 0.008). Of the 198 PTCL patients, 182 cases (91.9%) experienced at least 1 time of treatment-related adverse events, and the incidence rate of ≥grade 3 adverse events was 66.7% (132/198), which was mainly characterized by hematologic adverse events. The ≥ grade 3 hematologic adverse events mainly included decreased lymphocyte count, decreased neutrophil count, decreased white blood cell count, and anemia; non-hematologic adverse events were mostly grade 1-2, mainly including pigmentation disorders and upper respiratory tract infection. Conclusions:The use of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection-containing regimen in the treatment of PTCL has definite efficacy and is well tolerated, and it is a new therapeutic option for PTCL patients.