Objective To compare the curative effect of several surgical treatments for closed urethral injury.Methods A retrospective study was done on 200 cases of closed urethral injury treated with various methods from June 2002 to June 2012,including 44 cases of anterior urethral injury treated with endoscopic transurethral realignment (anterior endoscopic group),32 cases of anterior urethral injury with transperineal urethral repair (repair group),42 cases of posterior urethral injury with transperineal urethral termino-terminal anastomosis (anastomosis group),35 cases of posterior urethral injury with endoscopic transurethral realignment (posterior endoscopic group),and 47 cases of posterior urethral injury with endoscopic transurethral and transvesical realignment (combined endoscopic group).Amount of bleeding,operation time,hospital stay as well as expense,and rate of urethral stricture and erectile dysfunction (ED) in treatment of anterior and posterior urethral injury were compared respectively.Curativeeffect and merits and faults of each treatment were observed.Results Anterior endoscopic group achieved less bleeding [(10 ± 5) ml∶ (100 ± 20) ml,P ＜ 0.05],shorter operation time and hospital stay [(15 ± 6) min∶ (40 ± 15) min,(14.2 ± 1.8) min∶ (28.5 ± 1.5) min respectively,P ＜ 0.05],lower hospital expense and urethral stricture rate[(4 715.42 ± 225.43) RMB∶ (6 886.46 ± 246.78) RMB,39％ ∶ 63％ respectively,P ＜ 0.05] as compared with repair group,but there was no statistical difference in ED rate between the two groups.Whereas in anastomosis group,the most bleeding [(200 ± 30) ml],longest operation time [(60 ± 20) minutes] and hospital stay [(28.7 ± 2.3) days],and highest hospital expense [(6 964.27 ± 275.69) RMB] and urethral stricture rate (95 ％) were detected (P ＜ 0.05).Posterior endoscopic group presented less bleeding [(15 ± 6) ml∶ (50 ± 12) ml,P ＜ 0.05] and shorter operation time [(21.4 ± 1.7) min∶ (21.2 ± 1.5) min,P ＜ 0.05] as compared with combined endoscopic group,but there were no statistical differences in hospital stay as well as expense and urethral stricture rate between the two groups.Moreover,ED rate was not statistically different among anastomosis group,posterior endoscopic group and combined endoscopic group.Conclusions Endoscopic surgery is superior to traditional surgery in terms of blood loss,operation time,hospital stay,and hospital cost.Besides,urethral stricture and ED rates are closely related to the location and severity of injury.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of determining the surface density of RGD-containing peptide on allogenic bone by isotopic tracing technique using RGD peptide labelled with 125Ⅰ,and the impact of the input concentration of RGD-containing peptide on the surface density,and to obtain the history between the surface density and the input concentration of RGD-containing peptide.Methods The synthetic RGD-containing peptide was labelled with 125Ⅰ,and the specific radioactivity was calculated.The reactive solutions of RGD-containing peptide with the radioactive 125Ⅰ-RGD as a probe were prepared at the input concentrations of 0.01 mg/ml,0.10 mg/ml,0.50 mg/ml,1.00 mg/ml,2.00 mg/ml,4.00 mg/ml.Using EDC as the cross-linking agent,the reaction was carried out by placing the allogenic bone pieces into the reactive solutions of RGD-containing peptide with different input concentrations.After the reaction,the surface density of RGD-containing peptide grafted onto the allogenic bone pieces was calculated by evaluating the radioactivity and the surface area of the bone pieces.The impact of the input concentration of RGD-containing peptide on the surface density was measured and the curve was ascertained.Results After measuring in the radiodensity γ-counter,the result showed the RGD peptides have been marked with 125Ⅰ successfully.The allogenic bone pieces were radioactive after the reaction,which demonstrated that the RGD-containing peptide had been grafted onto the surface of bone pieces successfully.It was also found that with the increasing of input concentration,the surface density raised.Conclusion The surface density of RGD-containing peptide is related to its input concentration.With the increasing of input concentration,the surface density raises to the saturation value gradually.

Objective To investigate the effect of PHB on the proliferation and secretion function of adrenocortical cells and the efficiency of PHB as a cell carrier in transplantation of adrneocortical cells. Methods Adrenocortical cells from rat adrenal gland were separated and cultured in vitro. The effect of PHB on the proliferation and secrete function of adrenocortical cells were evaluated by MTT and RIA method. Adrenocortical cells were seeded into PHB. After cells were cultured in vitro for about 7 days, they were implanted into rats subject to bilateral adrenalectomy. The changes of blood corticosterone and aldosterone and local histological changes were observed. Results Adrenocortical cells could grow and passage on PHB. PHB had no effect on the proliferation and secretion function of adrenocortical cells. Adrenocortical cells from autograft, allograft and xenograft greatly suppressed the proliferation of spleen cells (P

Objective To investigate the morphology change of transplants of adrenocortical cells using poly-? -hybroxybutyric acid (PHB) as a cell carrier. Methods Adrenocortical cells were seeded on PHB and then implanted into rats bearing bilateral adrenalectomy. Histological changes and CD3 expression by using immunohistochemical staining were observed in local area of transplants on the postoperative week 2, 4, 8. Results Histological study showed inflaming cells were decreased as time passed, fibrous tissue disappeared step by step, PHB degraded gradually and adrenocortical cells tended to be organized; Ultrastratural observation revealed these cells maintained identical secreting function; Immunohistochemical assay indicated the expression of CD3 in the transplanted was similar to that in the normal adrenal cells. Conclusion The transplanted cells seeded in PHB can not only be survival, but also organized to the same tissue structure and ultrastructure as normal adrenal tissue.

Objective To study the absorption and transportation of flavonoids in Herb Epimedii by using Caco-2 monolayer model. Methods Caco-2 cell monolayer model was used to study the bi-direction transport of icariin, epimedin A, epimedin B, epimedin C, and baohuoside Ⅰ. The concentration of the five flavonoids in cell culture medium was measured by UPLC and the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) were calculated. Results The absorptive permeability coefficients (PAB) of icariin, epimedin A, epimedin B, epimedin C, and baohuoside Ⅰ were 5.91?10-7, 3.22?10-7, 2.76?10-7, 4.23?10-7, and 1.46?10-6 cm/s, respectively. Except baohuoside Ⅰ, the other four flavonodes had lower permeabilities, and the secretive permeabilities (PBA) of all the flavonoids were larger than their absorptive permeabilities. Among them, the PBA of baohuoside Ⅰ was 9.8 times as much as the PAB. Conclusion The results suggest that the intestinal absorption of the five flavonoids is lower, which might have efflux mechanism by transporters, and the absorption of monloglycoside (e.g. baohuoside Ⅰ) is better than that of diglycoside (e.g. icariin) and triglycoside (e.g. epimedin A, epimedin B, and epimedin C).

Objective To analyze the clinical application value of serum homocysteine(Hcy) detection in diagnosing acute myo-cardial infarction .Methods 78 cases of acute myocardial infarction in the hospital from January to December 2013 were selected as the acute myocardial infarction group ,69 cases of unstable angina as the unstable angina group and contemporaneous 78 healthy per-sons undergoing the physical examination as the control group .The serum Hcy ,myoglobin and creatine kinase isoenzyme were de-tected and the detection results were performed the statistical analysis .Results The serum Hcy levels and the positive rate in the a-cute myocardial infarction group were significantly higher than those in the unstable angina group (P<0 .05) ,but serum myoglobin and creatine kinase isoenzyme had no statistical differences in the concentration and positive rate between these two groups (P>0 .05) .The serum Hcy concentration and the positive rate in the acute myocardial infarction group and the unstable angina group were higher than those in the control group(P<0 .05) .The ROC curve analysis showed that the efficiency for diagnosing acute my-ocardial infarction from high to low in turn was MYO ,Hcy and CK-MB .Conclusion Serum Hcy may be used as a routine index for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction ,which has certain clinical value for the condition monitoring and prognosis of the disease ,and also has certain clinical significance for the differential diagnosis between acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina .

Objective To explore the change of serum high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T(hs-cTnT),myoglobin(MYO),creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB)mass(CK-MB mass)and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)levels in the patients with renal dysfunction.Methods The inpatients with renal dysfunction(excluding cardiac and skeletal muscle diseases)in our hos-pital were collected and divided into the compensation period group(30 cases),decompensation period group(24 cases)and uremia group(22 cases)according to serum urea and creatine concentration,and 36 healthy individuals were selected as the control group. Venous blood was collected on an empty stomach and separated for obtaining serum.Serum levels of hs-cTnT,MYO,CK-MB mass and NT-proBNP were measured by the electrochemiluminescent immunoassay.Results Serum hs-cTnT levels in the compensation period group,decompensation period group,uremia group and the control group were 16.4(10.9-24.2),17.0(13.0-25.5),25.9 (16.5-33.8),13.7(9.4 -19.7 )pg/mL respectively.Serum MYO levels were 52.4 (40.0 -96.5 ),87.9 (57.7 -118.3 ),115.7 (94.2-175.8),34.8(24.3-48.1)ng/mL,respectively.Serum CK-MB mass levels were 1.03(0.82 -1.75),1.31 (1.08 -1.69), 1.66(1.01-2.46),1.88(1.63-2.43)ng/mL,respectively.Serum NT-proBNP levels were 292.5(123.3-576.2),363.3(192.3-893.3),1 357.2(536.5 -4 662.9),110.3 (70.1 -196.3)ng/mL,respectively.The serum hs-cTnT,MYO and NT-proBNP levels were increased with renal function decrease.The nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis H test showed statistically significant difference a-mong groups(H =14.46,49.81 and 35.00,P <0.05 ).The CK-MB mass level had no statistically significant difference among groups(P >0.05).Conclusion The patients with renal dysfunction have the higher risk rate for complicating the cardiovascular e-vents.Early detection of cardiac markers conduces to the diagnosis of myocardial injury,the evaluation of the risk rate of myocardial infarction occurrence in future and the diagnosis of heart failure and evaluation of the risk rate of heart failure occurrence in future.

Objective To study the content of IL-8 in the peripheral blood and the expression of its mRNA in liver biopsy tissue of patients with hepatocirrhosis.Methods The patients with typical hepatocirrhosis resulted from HBV infection were selected.The IL-8 concentrations in peripheral blood of the Datients were evaluated with ELISA.The content of IL-8 mRNA in liver biopsy was measured by real-time PCR.The level of IL-8 mRNA was surrogated by lg cDNA/lg GAPDH.Reslllts The levels of IL-8 in the serum and its mRNA in hepatic tissue of patients with hepatoeirrhosis were(43 1.39±97.39)μg/L and 1.3647±0.2203,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of control group.MoreoCer,the levels of IL-8 in the serum and IL-8 mRNA in hepatic tissue of patients with positive HBV-DNA were (502.43-4-102.24)μg/L and 1.51424±0.2245,respectively,and both ofwhich were higher than those of patients without HBV-DNA replication(P<0.0l,P<0.05).And the levels of IL-8 in the selqlm and its mRNA in hepatic tissue of patients with higher ALT.AST also increased significantly.compared with those in control group(P<0.01).Conclusion The levels of IL-8 in the peripheral blood and the IL-8 mRNA in liver biopsy tissue of patients with hepatocirrhosis increase.which are related to the degree of HBV-DNA replication and the damage of hepatocytes.The IL-8 plays a key role in local inflammatory infihration of liver and the progression of post-hepatitis cirrhosis.

Objective To study the expression levels of inducible costimulator (ICOS) on CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood in patients with chronic hepatitis B and its change after treated with interferon.Methods All 56 patients were divided into two groups (interferon group has 28 cases,lamivudine group has 28 cases),and interferon group treated by PEG-IFN-α 2a,lamivudine group treated by lamivudine,respectively.There were 20 healthy individuals as control group.The levels of ICOS on CD4+ T cells of patients with chronic hepatitis B were kinetically detected by flow cytometry.The copies of HBV DNA in sera were dynamically detected by real-time PCR.Results The levels of ICOS on CD4+ T cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B was higher than that of normal controls(P＜0.001 ).However,the expressions of ICOS on CD4+ T cells in patients could be deduced by PEG-IFN-α 2a and obviously decreased after treatment.There was significant difference between interferon group and lamivudine group (P＜0.05 in 24 weeks,and P＜0.01 in 48 weeks).After treatment,the change values of ICOS in interferon group was positively correlated with the change copies of HBV DNA (r =0.972,P＜0.001 ).However,the change values mentioned above that did not find correlation in lamivudine group(r=-0.101,P=0.608).Conclusion The study shows the patients with chronic hepatitis B have disordered in cellular immunity and increased with the expression of ICOS on CD4+ T cells.PEG-IFN-α 2a could decrease the expression of ICOS on CD4+ T cells in patients,and correct the Th2 type immune polarization to some extent,and that plays a positive role in antiHBV.

Objective To retrospectively study the perioperative complications and postoperative function recovery of 93 patients treated with simultaneous bilateral total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods A total of 93 patients (186 hips) undergone simultaneous bilateral THA from January 1999 to January 2009 in our hospital were involved in this study. There were 70 males and 23 females (at age range of 25-65 years, average 41. 8 years). The preoperative diagnosis included bilateral avascular necrosis of femoral head in 48 patients, rheumatoid arthritis in 11, developmental dysplasia of the hip in 26 and ankylosing spondylitis in 8. The intraoperative blood loss, Harris scores before operation and at final followup as well as perioperative complications were analyzed. Results All the patients were followed up for average 65 months (12-118 months), which showed femur fracture in one patient and infection six months after discharge in one patient. The Harris score was increased from (36.7 ±6.1) points preoperatively to (91.2±6.2) points at the final follow-up. Hip pain disappeared in 92 patients after operation and radiograph showed no loosening. Actebular loosening occurred in one patient 49 months after operation and was revised accordingly. Conclusion Under strict control of operation indications, suitable choice and implantation of the prosthesis and emphasis on perioperative management and postoperative rehabilitation, simultaneous bilateral THA is a safe and effective choice for bilateral hip diseases.