[Objective]This study was designed to explore the dynamic changes of cytokines in the local tissues of radiationinduced oral mucositis in a rat model.[methods]The rat oral mucosal tissues were obtained at 5 d,8 d,and 14 d after irradiation.which were received single X-ray irradiation of 30 Gy locally.RayBio~((R)) Rat Cytokine Array was applied to analyze the 19 cytokines.The mRNA levels of the 8 inflammatory-related cytokines were analyzed by real time-PCR.ELISA was employed to detect IL-1α,IFN-γ,and TIMP-1 protein levels.[Results]Cytokine array detection showed that cytokines such as Frac,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,and TNF-α were down-regulated after irradiation.IL-1β,LIX,VEGF,and β-NGF were no obviously changed at the same time corse.The elevate range less than 2 fold of the CINC-2,GM-CGF,Leptin,MCP-1,and MIP-3α after irradiation were detected.The increasing range more than 2 fold of CINC-3,INF-γ,IL-1α,and TIMP-1 post irradiation were detected.The mRNA levels of anti-apoptosis,such as Bcl-2,and TNF-α,IL-6,VEGF,and IL-1β were low down,while the levels of promoting apoptosis cytokine such as Bax,and neutrophil recruitment associated cytokines,CINC,and TLR-9 were up-regulated after irradiation.The ELISA results of IL-1α,IFN-γ,and TIMP-1 were identical with the results of the two previom analyses.[Conclusion]The results of the three methods in the study should present evidences to prove each other.Some cytokines in the local lesion of oral mucositis during the initiate,development,and progression stages were blocked,while others were positively up-regulated to involving the control of the pathogensis of oral mucositis.

ObjectiveTo study the scope of excison in breast-conserving surgery for breast carcinoma.MethodsClinical data of 275 breast cancer patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery in t he First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,the Affiliated Zhenjiang Hospital of Jiangsu University and Changzhou Traditional ChineseMedicine Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The operation procedure and postoperative adjuvant therapy were carried out with the same protocol.Local and general conditions of patients were followed up regularly.Results271 out of 275 patients got follow-up.The follow-up rate was 98.5％.The follow-up time ranged from 1 month to 117 months,median follow-up time was 34 months.Six patients died of distant metastasis,2 with local recurrence.The 1-year,3-year,and 5-year overall survival rates were 99.5％,98.1％,and 95.7％,respectively.ConclusionsIt is safe to excise 1 cm normal breast tissue with clear margin confirmed by frozen section,followed by postoperative adjuvant therapy,endocrine therapy,and radiotherapy,this improves the life quality of patients with breast cancer.It is safe and effective to determine whether the disease is multicentric or multifocal by mammogram plus clinical breast examination.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of triple negative breast cancer patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 1042 primary breast cancer patients admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2003 to December 2009.All breast cancer patients were categorized into three subgroups by immunohistochemistry:ERBB2 +,HR +/ERBB2 - and triple negative. Results Of 1042 breast cancer patients recruited,183 patients were in triple negative group.The rate of larger tumors ( greater than 2 cm in diameter) and grade Ⅲ in triple negative patients was higher than that in ERBB2 + and HR +/ERBB2 - patients (P ＜0.01 ).The positive rate of p53 status in ERBB2 + patients was higher than that in triple negative and HR +/ERBB2- patients (P ＜ 0.01 ).No significant differences were observed in other clinical variables.In survival analysis,more bone metastases were observed in HR +/ERBB2 - patients than in ERBB2 + and triple negative patients (P =0.006).However,no significant difference was observed in visceral metastases among the subgroups.There were significantly different recurrence-free survivals (RFS) among the three subgroups throughout the follow-up period ( P =0.029),the 5-year RFS of ERBB2 + was 80.3％,which was the worst in three groups. Conclusions Triple negative patients had higher rate of larger tumors (greater than 2 cm in diameter) and grade Ⅲ than that in ERBB2 + and HR +/ERBB2 - patients,while its 5-year RFS was higher than ERBB2 + patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of aging on procollagen α polypeptide gene transcription and protein expression in rat vascular smooth muscle cells.Methods Vascular smooth muscle cells from thoracoabdominal aorta in neonate and 9 months old healthy Wistar rats were cultured in vitro.Results Transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT PCR) and Western blotting were used to detect type Ⅰ and Ⅲ pro-collagen α polypeptide mRNA and protein.The RT-PCR displayed that type Ⅰ procollagen α polypeptide mRNA expression had no significant difference between young group and adult group [(76.62±1.05) vs.(78.37±2.42),P＞0.05].Type Ⅲ procollagen α polypeptide mRNA expression was (105.40 ± 2.66) in young group and (123.10 ± 3.81) in adult group(P＞0.05).Type Ⅰ procollagen α polypeptide mRNA expression was (3.13 ±0.54) in young group and (4.63 ± 1.03) in adult group (P=0.05).Type Ⅲ procollagen α polypeptide mRNA expression had no significant difference between the adult and young groups[(6.86 ±0.41) vs.(7.68±0.63),P＞0.05].Type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ procollagen α polypeptide protein expressions were increased significantly in adult group as compared with the young group [(0.10 ± 0.03) vs.(0.06±0.03),(0.58±0.06) vs.(0.40±0.02),both P＜0.05].Conclusions Aging increases the procollagen α polypeptide level in vascular smooth muscle cell,which may involve in the development of vascular remodeling and atherosclerosis.

The authors introduced,against the backdrop of the new round of accreditation,organization and practice of the hospital.In accordance with the five management elements of planning,organization,leadership,coordination and control,and the level management theory,the hospital divided,based on a top-down design and step-by-step implementation,the process into four stages of mobilization and deployment,study and training,self-assessment and rectification,supervised self-assessment and constant improvement.These efforts aim at exploring the key points and methodology of hospital accreditation,proposing such key points as the combination of the accreditation with building a long-term mechanism,that of theory with practice,that leadership with full staff involvement,that of top-down design with step-by-step implementation,that of training and rectification,that of self-assessment and supervision,and that of system management with implementation of provisions.This way the hospital accreditation may upgrade the hospital as a whole.

Objective:To explore the application of the semi-flipped classroom combined with knowledge point auction learning method in the theoretical teaching among stomatological students and its effectiveness.Methods:Undergraduates from four classes at Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University were taken as research subjects. Students from two classes ( n=198) were taught using the semi-flipped classroom combined with the knowledge point auction learning method, while students from the other two classes ( n=172) were taught with the regular classroom teaching method as controls. Classroom quizzes were used to compare the two classes' mastery of important and difficult points, and a questionnaire was used to investigate students' feedback on the class outcomes. SPSS 22.0 was used for the independent samples t-test. Results:The mean test score of the experimental class was higher than that of the control class (88.51±11.02 vs. 80.40±8.53). The results of the questionnaire showed that students' interest in the course, comprehension and absorption of knowledge points, degree of satisfaction with the class, and mastery of the contents in sections in the experimental class were significantly higher than those in the control class (7.28±1.51 vs. 9.10±0.73, 6.92±1.44 vs. 8.69±1.62, 6.09±1.87 vs. 7.61±1.46, 6.40±1.04 vs. 7.70±0.86 ).Conclusions:The semi-flipped classroom combined with the knowledge point auction learning method is innovative and achieves good teaching outcomes. It holds promise for wider use in the theoretical teaching of various clinical subjects. To explore the application of the semi-flipped classroom combined with knowledge point auction learning method in the theoretical teaching among stomatological students and its effectiveness.