AIM: To observe the hemostatic effect and hemostasis mechanism of XHJ (Auena fatua L.) oral Liqnid on animals. METHODS: Bleeding time (BT) and clotting time (CT) were measured by means of tail cutting and glass slide method on mice, Von willebrand factoe (vWF), prothrombin time (PT) and Kaolin partial thromboplastin time (KPTT) were observed by immunoterbidimerry and coagulase test, antithrombin Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ) by chromophoric matrix method platelet count by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activatore inactivator (PAI). CONCLUSION: The results indicate that XHJ has remarkable effect on hemostasis; Its mechanism is related to accelerating blood coagulatlon, inhibiting fibrinolytic activity, adding blood vessel endothelial cell release and improving platelet adhesiveness and aggregation.

Biotechnological pharmaceutics is an important course for pharmacy undergraduates , however there are many problems in current curriculum design and teaching methods. With the advantage of our platform National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, we tried to carry out the teaching reformation based on Excellent Engineer Education and Training Plan. We optimized the curriculum standards and teaching design, highlighted the combination ofBiotechnological pharmaceuticsand Engineering, strengthened the experiment teaching, tried the reformation of teaching method such as flipped classroom and PBL, strengthened the cultivation of innovative thinking and scientific research ability. Our teaching reformation is beneficial to cultivating the compound talents in the field of biotechnological pharmaceutics.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic effect of endoscopy on pharyngeal papillomas. Methods Data of patients with pharyngeal papillomas diagnosed and treated by endoscopy be?tween March 2009 and December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively, including dissection, treatment and follow?up results. Results The rate of endoscopic diagnosis of pharyngeal papillomas was 0?9%( 65/6 927) . Endoscopic biopsy forceps resection was performed successfully in 54 patients. Other patients ( n=11) were treated by endoscopic snare resection. There was hemorrhage of different degrees after resec?tion. Argon hemostasis was used in 6 patients for errhysis after resection. Supportive treatment was not given and no severe hemorrhage or death was seen. A total of 41 patients were followed up and endoscopic examina?tion was performed 2 months later. Pharyngeal papillomas were found again at the same site in two patients and endoscopic biopsy forceps resection was performed. Pharyngeal papillomas were not found in these two patients in the next endoscopic examination. Conclusion Endoscopy is a safe and effective diagnosis and treatment method for pharyngeal papillomas.

Objective To observe the clinic efficacy of open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) compared with minimally invasive operation in treating lumbar spinal stenosis and instability among obese and non‐obese patients .Methods A ret‐rospective analysis was performed in these cases of mono‐segmental lumbar spinal stenosis and instability between January 2011 and January 2013 .Perioperative index ,clinical efficacy ,and imaging results were observed and compared between different groups .Re‐sults Thirty‐four obese cases and 105 non‐obese cases were divided into two groups ,including conventional posterior open TLIF and minimally invasive TLIF operation ,to compare the results .Perioperative indexes of obese patients were more than non‐obese patients undergone open TLIF operation way and there was significant difference(P<0 .01);while by minimally invasiveTLIF oper‐ation way ,comparing the results of the surgical blood loss and incision size between obese and non‐obese group ,there was signifi‐cant difference(P<0 .05) .However ,there was not significant difference in the operative time between two groups(P>0 .05) .No cases of slippage or breakage of implants were found among all these patients after 6 months of follow up .Postoperative VAS and ODI among these four groups were better than before(P<0 .01) .Undergoing open postoperative VAS in obese group and in non‐obese group ,there was significant difference(P< 0 .05);undergoing minimally invasive postoperative ODI in obese group and in non‐obese group ,there was significant difference(P< 0 .05) .But ,undergoing open postoperative ODI in obese group and in non‐obese group ,there was not significant difference(P>0 .05);undergoing minimally invasive postoperative VAS in obese group and in non‐obese group ,there was not significant difference(P>0 .05) .Conclusion Therefore ,obese may be risk factor in treating lumbar spinal stenosis and instability .

Objective To study the expression of macrophage inflammatory protein 2(MIP-2) and the interfering effects of naloxone in the brain edema caused by lioposacchride (LPS)in rats.Methods Eithty-four SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal saline group(NS group,n=28) 0.2 mL normal saline was injected by carotid into each rat;LPS group(n=28) with 200 ?g LPS;naloxone interfering group(NAL group,n=28)1 mg/kg naloxone was intraperitoneally injected at 10 min,1,2,6,12 h and following LPS injected 2 h before decapitation.The content of MIP-2 and even blue(EB) in brain tissue were detected at different time point.The brain water content was measured by drying method.Results The content of water and EB in LPS group were significan higher than those in NS group(P

0.05).The serum concentrations of CK-MB changed unsignificantly between reperfusion and perfusion period in either group.In both groups LDH_1 level was less than that of LDH_2 during reperfusion period. Conclusion:Continuous potassic warm blood perfusion is reliable for myocardial protection.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the skin irritation and sensitization potential of the swine acellular dermal matrix treated with hyaluronic acid (SADM-HA).

METHODS(1) Skin irritation test. Twelve New Zealand rabbits were divided into SADM-HA group, allogeneic skin group, and (human) xeno-skin group according to the random number table, with 4 rabbits in each group. Four test sites were designed on the back of each rabbit. Two test sites of each rabbit in the three groups were covered with SADM-HA, allogeneic skin, and xeno-skin, respectively. Another test site was covered with gauze containing 200 g/L sodium dodecyl sulfate solution as positive control. The last test site was covered with gauze containing normal saline as negative control. The primary irritation index and cumulative irritation index of each material were calculated. (2) Skin closed-patch test. Sixty guinea pigs were used. Fifty-four guinea pigs were divided into SADM-HA group, allogeneic skin group, and (human) xeno-skin group according to the random number table, with 18 guinea pigs in each group. Twelve guinea pigs in each of the three groups were correspondingly induced and stimulated by SADM-HA, allogeneic skin, and xeno-skin, with 6 guinea pigs in each group treated with ethanol-soaked gauze to serve as negative control. The remaining 6 guinea pigs were treated with gauze containing 25% α-hexylcinnamaldehyde ethanol solution as positive control. The rating scales of Magnusson and Kligman were used to grade the condition of skin after being treated with above-mentioned materials to evaluate skin sensitivity to them at post stimulation hour 24 and 48. Data were processed with the non-parametric test of independent samples.

RESULTS(1) In the skin irritation test, the primary irritation indexes of the three dressings in SADM-HA group, allogeneic skin group, and xeno-skin group were respectively -0.04, 0.13, and 0.08. The cumulative irritation indexes of the three dressings in SADM-HA group, allogeneic skin group, and xeno-skin group were respectively 0.27, 0.10, and 0.25, which were close to those of negative control within the three groups. The skin irritation of each of the three materials was negligible. (2) In the skin closed-patch test, all scores of the three dressings in SADM-HA group, allogeneic skin group, and xeno-skin group were between 0 and 1. The scores of SADM-HA group and allogeneic skin group were close to those of negative control within the two groups (with U values respectively 188.00 and 90.00, P values both above 0.05). The differences were statistically significant between each material of the three groups and positive control (with U values respectively 19.00, 59.00, 21.50, P values all below 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe SADM-HA is safe and reliable without skin irritation and sensitization, and it has encouraging prospect in clinical application.

Acellular Dermis ; adverse effects ; Animals ; Guinea Pigs ; Hyaluronic Acid ; adverse effects ; Rabbits ; Skin ; Skin Irritancy Tests ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Swine

BACKGROUNDInfection due to pandrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PDRPA) has become a challenge in clinical practice. The aim of this research was to summarize the treatment of large-area burns (60% - 80%) with PDRPA infection and respiratory failure in our hospital over the last two years, and to explore a feasible treatment protocol for such patients.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the treatment of five patients with large-area burns accompanied by PDRPA infection and respiratory failure transferred to our hospital from burn units in hospitals in other Chinese cities from January 2008 to February 2010. Before PDRPA infection occurred, all five patients had open wounds with large areas of granulation because of the failure of surgery and dissolving of scar tissue; they had also undergone long-term administration of carbapenems. This therapy included ventilatory support, rigorous repair of wounds, and combined antibiotic therapy targeted at drug-resistance mechanisms, including carbapenems, ciprofloxacin, macrolide antibiotics and β-lactamase inhibitors.

RESULTSFour patients recovered from burns and one died after therapy.

CONCLUSIONSFirst, compromised immunity caused by delayed healing of burn wounds in patients with large-area burns and long-term administration of carbapenems may be the important factors in the initiation and progression of PDRPA infection. Second, if targeted at drug-resistance mechanisms, combined antibiotic therapy using carbapenems, ciprofloxacin, macrolide antibiotics and β-lactamase inhibitors could effectively control PDRPA infection. Third, although patients with large-area burns suffered respiratory failure and had high risks from anesthesia and surgery, only aggressive skin grafting with ventilatory support could control the infection and save lives. Patients may not be able to tolerate a long surgical procedure, so the duration of surgery should be minimized, and the frequency of surgery increased.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Burns ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Carbapenems ; therapeutic use ; Ciprofloxacin ; therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Female ; Humans ; Macrolides ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pseudomonas Infections ; drug therapy ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; drug effects ; pathogenicity ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the value of monitoring in vertebral and spinal cord operation by the real-time monitoring of the spinal cord in the process of operation.Methods Nineteen cases were included by the real-time monitoring of spinal cord in the process of operation.Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA) score was used to evaluate the clinical efficacy during following-up before and discharge after operation,6 months and 12 months after operation.Results Intraoperative ultrasound monitoring in the 19 patients had no symptom of spinal cord injury and other complications within the plant without loosening fracture occurred were bony fusion; the average JOA scores in the patients before operation,discharge after operation,6 months and 12 months after operation were 8.80±1.60,14.00±1.57,14.60±1.61 and 14.80±1.58,respectively.The improvement rate of JOA score for discharge after operation,6 months and 12 months after operation were individually 51.6%,61.3%,and 64.5%.The JOA score after operation was obviously higher than that before operation.The significant difference between the two groups was observed in the experiment (P<0.05).The cervical spinal canal sagittal diameter significantly increased after operation (mean sagittal diameter of the expansion of 6.6 mm),compared with that before the trial (P<0.05).Conclusion The real-time monitoring with ultrasonography during operation can identify the change of spinal cord and provide the image evidence of operative efficiency to avoid the injury in vertebral and spinal cord operation.

BACKGROUNDRecent research shows that lasers can inhibit fungal growth and that Nd:YAG 1064-nm lasers can penetrate as deep as the lower nail plate. The aim of this study was to observe the effect of a long-pulse Nd:YAG 1064-nm laser on 154 nails of 33 patients with clinically and mycologically proven onychomycosis.

METHODSThirty-three patients with 154 nails affected by onychomycosis were randomly assigned to two groups, with the 154 nails divided into three sub-groups (II degree, III degree, and IV degree) according to the Scoring Clinical Index of Onychomycosis. The 15 patients (78 nails) in group 1 were given eight sessions with a one-week interval, and the 18 patients (76 nails) in group 2 were given four sessions with a one-week interval.

RESULTSIn group 1, the effective rates at 8 weeks, 16 weeks, and 24 weeks were 63%, 62%, and 51%, respectively, and the effective rates in group 2 were 68%, 67%, and 53% respectively. The treatment effect was not significantly different between any sub-group pair (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSLong pulse Nd:YAG 1064-nm laser was effective for onychomycosis. It is a simple and effective method without significant complications or side effects and is expected to become an alternative or replacement therapy for onychomycosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Onychomycosis ; surgery ; Young Adult