Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT)for traumatic spleen and liver rupture.Methods We made a retrospective analysis of 140 cases of liver and spleen injury with clinical manifestations confirmed by operation.MSCT examination results and clinical data were compared.Results Of the 140 cases,male patients outnumbered female ones,and the peak age was 10 - 30 years old.The injuries were most commonly attributed to traffic accident and falling.There were 69 (49%)cases of spleen injury,5 1 (36%) cases of liver injury,and 20 (14%)cases of both.Liver and spleen injuries showed on MSCT examination were liver and spleen laceration, hematoma within the liver and spleen as well as hematoma beneath the envelop. Conclusion MSCT has an important diagnostic value for traumatic liver and spleen rupture and thus can guide clinical treatment choice.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Exercise Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Diseases ; therapy ; Sprains and Strains ; therapy ; Young Adult

Objective To systematically analyze and assess the risk of venous thromboembolism in the patients with rheuma‐toid arthritis(RA) .Methods The related literatures on the venous thromboembolism occurrence in the patients with RA published at home and abroad were performed the electronic retrieval .The obtained data were analyzed by adopting the RevMan5 .1 software . The data unable to merge were analyzed by adopting the descriptive analysis method .Results A total of 10 related papers were in‐cluded .The 3 indicators of venous thromboembolism occurrence rate ,deep vein thrombosis occurrence rate and pulmonary thrombo‐embolism occurrence rate were performed the meta analysis .The RR and 95% CI of the occurrence rates of venous thromboembo‐lism ,deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism were 2 .00(1 .71 ,2 .33) ,2 .31(1 .84 ,2 .90) ,2 .25(2 .23 ,2 .28) respec‐tively .Conclusion The risk degree of venous thromboembolism occurrence in the RA patients is higher than that in the non‐RA pa‐tients .

Objective To find out the physical state of the human papillomavirus ( HPV) genome in hepatoma cell line HepG2 cells and the regulation of HPV late capsid protein 1 ( L1) expression and to explore the nature of the cytoryctes in HepG2 cells.Methods E2 and E6 in HPV18 were detected by PCR to evaluate the physical state of HPV18 genome .HepG2 L1 expression was detected by ELISA , light microscropy and electron microscrope immu-nohistochemistry assays , Western blot assay using HPV L 1 mice monoclonal antibody .L1 mRNA in HepG2 cells was detected by reverse transcriptional PCR ( RT-PCR) .Results PCR assay displayed that HPV DNA was inte-grated with HepG2 genome.ELISA assay showed that HPV L1 was present in lysate of HepG2 cells.Light micros-cropy demonstrated strong positive reaction in HepG2 cells.In microscopy, in the cytoplasm of partial HepG2 cells, there were lumpish cytorrhyctes materials which consists of very small and uniform particles and these parti -cles were marked by HPV L1 antibody labeled by colloidal gold .Western blot analysis showed a band at 56 ku dis-trict and it was L1 specific strap which demonstrated HPV 18 L1 was present in HepG2 cells.RT-PCR assay demon-strated the presence of L1 mRNA in HepG2 cells.Conclusions HepG2 cells are HPV18-positive HPV DNA ge-nome is integrated with HepG2 cells.HepG2 cells can express L1.The cytorrhyctes in HepG2 cells are composed of HPV18 L1 indicating that L1 can be expressed in HepG2.

Recently traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-induced liver injury has been an unresolved critical issue which impacts TCM clinical safety. The premise and key step to reduce or avoid drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is to identify the drug source of liver injury in early stage. Then the timely withdrawal of drug and treatment can be done. However, the current diagnosis of DILI is primarily governed by exclusive method relying on administering history supplied by patients and experience judgment from doctors, which lacks objective and reliable diagnostic indices. It is obvious that diagnosis of TCM-induced liver injury is especially difficult due to the complicated composition of TCM medication, as well the frequent combination of Chinese and Western drugs in clinic. In this paper, we proposed construction of research pattern and method for objective identification of TCM-related DILI based on translational toxicology, which utilizes clinical specimen to find specific biomarkers and characteristic blood-entering constituents, as well the clinical biochemistry and liver biopsy. With integration of diagnosis marker database, bibliographic database, medical record database and clinical specimen database, an integrative diagnosis database for TCM-related DILI can be established, which would make a transformation of clinical identification pattern for TCM-induced liver injury from subjective and exclusive to objective and index-supporting mode. This would be helpful to improve rational uses of TCM and promote sustainable development of TCM industry.
Animals ; Biomarkers, Pharmacological ; metabolism ; Biopsy ; methods ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Liver ; drug effects ; pathology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects ; Rats

Objective To investigate the age-associated changes of ultrastructure,mRNA and protein expressions of H+-K+-ATPase in elderly gastric parietal cell. Methods Fifty patients with relative normal stomach without gastroduodenal diseases were enrolled,including younger group (aged 20-59 years,n=19) and elderly group (aged≥60 years,n=31).Furthermore,the elderly group was divided into 3 subgroups:60-69 years old (n =11 ),70-79 years old (n=10 ),above 80 years old (n =10).The ultrastructure of gastric parietal cell was observed under electron microscope.The expression of H+-K+-ATPase α subunit mRNA and H+-K+-ATPase β subunit protein were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR and Western-blot,respectively.The ageing-associated changes of all these data were respectively compared. Results No significant difference was showed in the morphology of gastric parietal cell and acid-secretion-associated organelles among all the groups.The average ratio Am to Ac (Am means the area of mitochondria,Ac means the area of cytoplasm) of gastric parietal cell and the average At to Ac ratio (At means the area of secretory canaliculi and tubulovesicular system )between younger group and elderly group had no significant difference[(48.4±7.5) ％ vs.(50.6±7.6) ％,t=-0.775,P=0.444; (13.8±4.1) ％ vs.(12.2±4.7) ％,t=0.984,P=0.332].Meanwhile,there were no distinctions in the expression of H+-K+ -ATPase α subunit mRNA and H+-K+-ATPase protein among all elderly subgroups(F=1.522,2.32,P=0.24,0.114).However,the mRNA expression of H+-K+-ATPase a subunit was higher in the elderly group than in the younger group(t=-3.682,P=0.001).Furthermore,the expression of H+ -K+ -ATPase protein in the elderly group was increased as compared with younger group(t=-3.389,P=0.004). Conclusions Acidsecretion-associated organelles of human gastric parietal cell have no degeneration and the expression of H + -K+-ATPase is in trend of increase with aging,indicating that healthy elderly people have the basis of ultrastructure and molecular biology to maintain well function of acid secretion.

BACKGROUND: Changes in extracellular of chondrocyte can reflect influence of external force on temporomandibular joint and adaptability of body to external force. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of cyclic tensile stress on main extracellular matrix of condylar chondrocyte.METHODS: The cyclic tensile stress was exposed to the third passage condylar chondrocyte for 0, 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours, respectively, using a Flexcell Strain Unit-5000T system (10% surface elongation, 6 cycles/min). After mechanical loading, total RNA was extracted from the cells harvested from Six-well BioFlex flexible cell Petri Dish, reverse transcribed, and reverse trabscription-PCR was performed to quantify mRNA levels for type Ⅱ collagen and aggrecan.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group (0 hour group), both type Ⅱ collagen and aggrecan mRNA expression was significantly increased after loading for 6 hours (P < 0.05), but began to decrease since 12 hours, and significantly decreased at 24 hours (P < 0.05). Results showed that cyclical tensile stress stimuli can affect the synthesis of main extracellular matrix of condylar cartilage, i.e. the synthesis was gradually enhanced with prolonged stimulation duration, but significantly inhibited in response to further stress stimuli.

ObjectiveTo investigate the haemostatic effect of combining pulsed therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) and microbubble (MB) on splenic trauma.MethodsForteen healthy dogs were divided into 3 groups.Six animals were treated by microbubble-enhanced therapeutic ultrasound (MEUS),the other eight animals were treated with TUS only ( n =4) and the MB only ( n =4) served aS the controls.The spleens of all animals were surgically exposed and a 20 mm long,5 mm deep incision was created on the spleens using scalpel.Human prothrombin complex (HPC) was slowly injected prior to the treatment.During the procedure,the initial bleeding rate and the bleeding rate after the treatment were calculated using gauze weighing.Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was performed to assess the blocking effects of splenic circulation.The targeted spleens were harvested for pathological examination.ResultsThere were no differences in initial bleeding rate before treatment.After treatment,in the MEUS group oozed blood was found and the bleeding rate were lower than that of the TUS and the MB groups ( P ＜0.05).A nonenhanced or perfusion defect region was formed within the treated area.The histological results showed splenic sinus hyperemia,platelet aggregation and intravascular thrombosis.Conclusions Microbubbles enhanced pulsed therapeutic ultrasound can arrest the regional blood circulation of spleen by disrupting the microvasculature and this can be used in splenic heamostasis for treating spleen trauma.

Plant bioreactor called mocular farming has enormous potential to produce recombinant protein infinitely. Products expressed in plants has nature physico-chemical property and bioactivity. Plant bioreactor could be an safe, economic and convenient production system which has been widely applied in industries and agriculture, especially in the life science and pharmaceutical industry. The application of recombinant transgenic plant in the production of vaccines, antibodies and pharmaceutical proteins has become a hot point in the plant genetic engineering both at home and broad. However, there are some limiting factors of application such as yield, downstream processing and so on. The advantages and research progress for the mocular farming of pharmaceutical proteins recent three years was discussed, focusing on the existing problems and new strategies in this area.

Objective To investigate the apoptosis of T lymphocytes,the expression of Bcl-2, Fas on the peripheral blood T lymphocytes in end stage renal disease patients;and to explore the characteristics of Th1 /Th2 profile and the influence of dialysis membranes with different permeability on the apoptosis of T lymphocytes of maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods The study included 10 non-dialyszed (ND)patients,45 maintenance hemodialysis patients with cellulose acetate (CA) membranes(13),low-flux polusulfone(PS-LF) membranes(16),high-flux polusulfone (PS-HF) membranes (16) and 8 healthy volunteers (C).The apoptosis of T lymphocytes,expression of Bcl-2,Fas on peripheral blood T lymphocytes cultured with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation for 24 hours were measured by flow cytometry and immunohistochemical.ELISA was performed for detecting the levels of IFN-?and IL-4 in culture supematants.Results In ESRD patients,the apoptosis of T lymphocytes was greater than that of group C.Group CA was greater than group PS-HF and group PS-LF (P＜0.05).The expression of Bcl-2 on T lymphocytes in ESRD patients was lower than that of group C (P＜0.05).There was negative correlation between the T lymphocytes apoptosis and Bcl-2. The expression of Fas on T lymphocytes in ESRD patients was greater than that of group C (P＜0.05), and it was positive correlated with T lymphocytes apoptosis.The level of IFN-?of ESRD patients was decreased significantly compared with that in group C (P＜0.05),and there was negative correlation between T lymphocytes apoptosis and IFN-?.IL-4 was increased in ESRD patients (P＜0.05) and it was positive correlated with T lymphocytes apoptosis.Conclusions The accelerated apoptosis of T lymphocytes in ESRD patients may be related to the expression of Bcl-2 and Fas of T lymphocytes.ESRD patients show a suppressed secretion of IFN-?and an increased secretion of IL-4. T lymphocytes apoptosis of maintenance hemodialysis patients is influenced not only by the biocompatibility but also by the permeability of the dialysis membrane.