The fermentation conditions of alkaline lipase producing by Pseudomonas cepacia PCL-3 were optimized.Based on the analysis of single factorial experiments,dextrin was the most suitable carbon source,peptone and urea were the suitable compound nitrogen sources among the examined materials.Three significant factors(urea,inoculum and initial pH) were selected from the eight factors related to lipase production by Plaekett-Burman method,and were further optimized with response surface analysis.And then,steepest ascent procedures were applied to define the optimal response region of the three factors.The obtained optimal conditions were urea 0.15%,inoculum 3.05% and initial pH 8.38,under which conditions,the enzyme activity was improved from 25.37 U/ml to 48.88 U/ml,enhanced 1.93 folds.Starting from the flask conditions,the highest lipase activity of 47.69U/ml was achieved by batch fermentation in a 10 L fermentor after 52 h of the cultivation.

Objective To explore the effect of fibroblast growth factor receptor(FGFR)inhibitor BGJ398 on the vasculogenic mimicry(VM)formation of glioma cells. Methods The phosphor-FGFR(pFGFR)was de-tected by Western blot,the expressions of MMP2 and MMP14 were detected by Western blot and immunocytochem-istry;the VM formation of U87MG and U251MG was tested by tube formation assay;subcutaneously implanted tu-mor model in nude mouse was established and tumor sections were CD34/PAS double-stained to detect the forma-tion of VM in vivo. Results Western blot showed that pFGFR in the experimental groups decreased significantly (P < 0.05);western blot and immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of MMP2 and MMP14 in the experimental groups decreased significantly compared to the control group. In the tube formation assay ,the tube formation of U87MG and U251MG cells were restrained. In the subcutaneously implanted tumor model ,the VM number of the experimental group(13.85 ± 3.96)was significantly lower than that in the control group(26.40 ± 5.06,P < 0.05). Conclusions In vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that BGJ398 can inhibit the activa-tion of FGFR,and inhibit the VM formation of glioma cells. These indicate FGFR signaling pathway is involved in the formation of VM.

Brachytherapy ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Medical Staff, Hospital ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Monitoring

A solution with different Cu supply levels was cultured to investigate gama-aminobutyric acid (GABA) accumulation in Elsholtzia splendens, a native Chinese Cu-tolerant and accumulating plant species. Increasing Cu from 0.25 to 500 micromol/L significantly enhanced levels of GABA and histidine (His), but considerably decreased levels of aspartate (Asp) and glutamate (Glu) in the leaves. The leaf Asp level negatively correlated with leaf Cu level, while leaf GABA level positively correlated with leaf Cu level. The leaf Glu level negatively correlated with leaf GABA level in Elsholtzia splendens. The depletion of leaf Glu may be related to the enhanced synthesis of leaf GABA under Cu stress.
Copper ; toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Tolerance ; physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Lamiaceae ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Plant Leaves ; drug effects ; metabolism ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; metabolism

Biofilms are microbial communities which are enclosed within a matrix of exopolysaccharides produced by the bacteria,fungi and protozoa growing intimately on a living or inert surfaces.Further researches on bcterial biofilms formation and molecular machines,pathogenic mechanisms (especially drug resistance),detection and treatment maybe provide novel pathways to refractory infections caused by bcterial biofilms.

Objective To assesse the quality of life of patients after cardiac pacemaker implantation using the Chinese version of SF-36.Methods Ninety-eight patients with permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation were investigated before and after the operation in terms of quality of life by using the Chinese version SF-36.Results Successful surgery was performed on all the 98 patients.The previous symptoms of the patients were improved to vari- ous extend after the operation.The quality of life of the patients was significantly improved after operation as demon- strated by the significant difference of the scores in 9 domains of SF-36 when compared with those before the operation (P

This study was designed to analyze the effect of the mitochondrial respiratory pathways of Candida albicans (C.albicans) on the biofilm formation.The 2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) reduction assay was used to measure the metabolic activities of biofilms formed by the C.albicans which were cultured in the presence of respiratory pathways inhibitors.The biofilms formed by the wide type (WT),GOA1-deleted (GOA31),GOA1-reconstituted (GOA32),AOX1a-deleted (AOX1) and AOX1b-deleted (AOX2) C.albicans strains were examined by the XTT reduction assay and fluorescence microscopy.The expression of adhesion-related genes BCR1,ALS1,ALS3,ECE1 and HWP1 in the biofilms formed by the above five C.albicans strains was detected by real time polymerase chain reaction.It was found that the metabolic activity of biofilms formed by C.albicans was decreased in the presence of alternative oxidase inhibitor whereas it was increased in the presence of classical mitochondrial respiratory pathway complex Ⅲ or complex Ⅳ inhibitor.AOX1 strain produced scarce biofilms interspersed with few hyphal filaments.Moreover,no significant changes in the expression of BCR1 and ALS3 were observed in the AOX1 strain,but the expression of ALS1 and ECE1 was down-regulated,and that of HWP1 was up-regulated.These results indicate that both AOX1 and AOX2 can promote the biofilm formation.However,AOX1a primarily plays a regulatory role in biofilm formation in the absence of inducers where the promoting effect is mainly achieved by promoting mycelial formation.

Objective To study the urodynamic characters of pelvic lipomatosis(PL) and its clinic significance.Methods From Sep.2013 to Feb.2016,7 patients,including 6 males and one female,were diagnosed as PL by image examinations and related lower urinary tract syndrome.Their mean age was 46 years,ranged from 30 to 52 years.All the patients(study group) have normal renal function.However,4 patients were noticed bilateral hydronephrosis.Other patients with similar LUTS but were confirmed as normal by image and urodynamic examinations were concluded in control group,which was paired designed to match the study group in visiting time,gender,age,and number of patients.The uroflowmetry and pressure/flow cystometry were performed in all patients.The urodynamic data of two groups including maximum flow rate (Qmax),time to maximum flow,post-voiding residual (PVR),first sensation capacity,first desire to void capacity,cystometric capacity,intravesical pressure at terminal of filling phase,compliance,detrusor pressure at maximum flow,detrusor opening pressure,bladder outlet obstruction index (BOOI) and bladder contractility index (BCI),were retrospectively analyized.Results There were no significant different between study aud control groups respect to Qmax [(18.71 ± 10.31) ml/min vs.(13.29 ± 6.55) ml/min],time to maximum flow [(6.71 ±2.50)s vs.(7.43±2.76)s],PVR [(28.14±27.81)ml vs.(3.14± 3.48) ml],first sensation capacity[(138.86 ± 77.01) ml vs.(142.29 ± 89.84) ml],first desire to void capacity [(203.71 ± 131.09) ml vs.(216.57 ± 72.20) ml],cystometric capacity [(271.0 ± 151.95) ml vs.(323.29± 92.87)ml],i ntravesical pressure at terminal of filling phase [(30.29 ± 16.45)cmH2O vs.(18.71 ± 9.57) cmH2 O],and compliance [(90.53 ± 126.46) cmH2O/ml vs.(129.57 ± 136.25) cmH2O/ml].The study group was significant higher than control group in terms of pressure at maximum flow [(69.57 ±25.06) cmH2O vs.(33.14 ± 11.63) cmH2O,P =0.004],opening pressure [(42.57 ± 22.16)cmH2O vs.(18.00±13.18) cmH2O,P=0.027],BOOI [(34.00±15.92)vs.(16.50±5.96),P=0.030] and BCI [(133.17 ± 27.37) vs.(87.67 ± 20.16),P =0.008],respectively.Moreover,the BCI of PL patients with hydronephrosis were significant higher compare with PL patients without hydronephrosis [(155.67 ±14.98) vs.(110.67 ± 1 1.37),P =0.014].Conclusions The urodynamic characters of PL were increased pressure at maximum flow and opening pressure,which implied obstruction.

A solution with different Cu supply levels was cultured to investigate gama-aminobutyric acid (GABA) accumulation in Elsholtzia splendens, a native Chinese Cu-tolerant and accumulating plant species. Increasing Cu from 0.25 to 500 ?mol/L significantly enhanced levels of GABA and histidine (His), but considerably decreased levels of aspartate (Asp) and glutamate (Glu) in the leaves. The leaf Asp level negatively correlated with leaf Cu level, while leaf GABA level positively correlated with leaf Cu level. The leaf Glu level negatively correlated with leaf GABA level in Elsholtzia splendens. The depletion of leaf Glu may be related to the enhanced synthesis ofleafGABA under Cu stress.

Copper accumulation and intracellular distribution in Elsholtzia splendens, a native Chinese Cu-tolerant and accumulating plant species, was investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and gradient centrifugation techniques.Copper concentrations in roots, stems and leaves of E. splendens increased with increasing Cu levels in solution. After exposure to 500 μmol/L Cu for 8 d, about 1000 mg/kg Cu were accumulated in the stem and 250 mg/kg Cu in the leaf of E. splendens. At 50μmol/L Cu, no significant toxicity was observed in the chloroplast and mitochondrion within its leaf cells, but separation appeared at the cytoplasm and the cell wall within the root cells. At ＞250 μmol/L Cu, both root and leaf organelles in E. splendens were damaged heavily by excessive Cu in vivo. Copper subcellular localization in the plant leaf after 8 days' exposure to 500 μmol/L Cu using gradient centrifugation techniques was found to be decreased in the order: chloroplast＞cell wall＞soluble fraction＞other organelles. The plant root cell wall was found to be the site of highest Cu localization. Increase of Cu exposure time from 8 d to 16d, increased slightly Cu concentration in cell wall fraction in roots and leaves, while that in the chloroplast fraction decreased in leaves of the plants grown in both 0.25 μmol/L and 500 μmol/L Cu. TEM confirmed that much more Cu localized in cell walls of E. splendens roots and leaves, but also more Cu localized in E. splendens' chloroplast when the plant is exposed to Cu levels＞250μmol/L, as compared to those in the plant grown in 0.25 μmol/L Cu. Copper treatment at levels＞250 μmol/L caused pronounced damage in the leaf chloroplast and root organelles. Copper localization in cell walls and chloroplasts could mainly account for the high detoxification of Cu in E. splendens.