Stress urinary incontinence is one of the most common diseases in urinary system.At present,the major methods for treating stress urinary incontinence include medication,physico-behavior therapy and operation.However,for various reasons,the current methods do not yield satisfactory results.As a newly emerging technique,tissue engineering provides a new concept and method to treat stress urinary incontinence.The application of tissue engineering in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence is reviewed in this article.

Objective To explore the method of culture of rat adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) and differentiation induction into myoblasts. Methods Adipose tissues were obtained from SD rats,and were isolated by enzyme digestion and cultured into ADSCs.The expression of surface antigen CD90,CD105 and CD34 was detected by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry.ADSCs of the second passage with logarithmic growth were obtained,and culture media containing 5-azacytidine(5-aza) and basic culture media were employed for cells in induction group and control group,respectively.The induction lasted for 7 d,14 d,21 d,28 d and 35 d,respectively.Cell growth and cell morphology were observed by inverted phase contrast microscope,and immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were utilized to detect the expression of myoblast specific antigens desmin and myosin. Results ADSCs were successfully isolated and cultured,and were identified to be stem cells.On the 28th day of induction,cells in induction group displayed "swirl" morpholgy,and multinucleation was observed.It was revealed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry that the highest expression rates of desmin and myosin were 52.57% and 50.04%,respectively on the 28th day of induction,while there was no expression before induction and in control group. Conclusion ADSCs can be isolated and cultured from rat adipose tissues,and can further differentiate into myoblasts after induction by culture media with 5-aza.The expression of myoblast specific antigen is the highest on the 28th day of induction.

Action Potentials ; drug effects ; physiology ; Animals ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; pharmacology ; Female ; Heart Ventricles ; metabolism ; Isoflavones ; pharmacology ; Male ; Microelectrodes ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying ; metabolism ; physiology ; Rats ; Ventricular Function ; physiology

Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of breast carcinoma in elderly female patients and to offer the standard clinical diagnosis and treatment for breast carcinoma.Methods A total of 178 patients admitted to Breast Center of Beijing Hospital from January to December 2011 were enrolled in this retrospective study.Patients were divided into non-elderly group and elderly group.Clinical features,imaging diagnosis,operation patterns and pathological diagnosis were recorded.The data were analyzed by using SAS 9.1 software.Results The patients diagnosed as breast carcinomas in BI-RAD 4-5 categories by mammography were much more in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (82.1％ vs.63.0％,P＜0.05).The diagnostic accuracy rates of ultrasonography and mammography in the elderly group were comparable(P＞ 0.05),while in the non-elderly group,the diagnostic accuracy rate of ultrasonography was higher than that of mammography (P＜0.05).The incidence of concurrent diseases was higher in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (P＜0.05).The patients undergoing breast resection operation were much more in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (14 cases vs.3 cases,P＜0.05).The pathological diagnosis analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the number of ER-positive cells and PR-positive cells,tumor size,histological grade,pathological stage between the two groups (all P＞0.05).The incidence of lymph node metastasis was lower in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (P＜0.05).The percentage of Ki-67 positive cells was lower in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (P＜0.05).The percentage of CerbB-2 strongly positive (+++) cells was lower in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (5.1 ％ vs.24％,P＜0.05).The invasive ductal carcinoma was the major histological type of breast cancer in both two groups,but there were more mixed type and other type carcinomas in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (P＜0.05).Conclusions Ultrasonograpy and mammography have better sensitivity for breast cancer in elderly female patients.The surgical protocols are often influenced because more concurrent diseases have occurred in the elderly.There are significant differences in some prognostic factors between the two groups,which may imply a better prognosis in elderly patients.

Hair follicle (HF), one of the skin appendages, has received a lot of attention to be a new target and pathway for drug delivery. The development of hair follicle targeted drug delivery system (HFTDDS) through percutaneous permeation is particularly important for skin diseases derived from HF such as acne, hair loss, and folliculitis for their on-site action. This review describes the structure and physiological function of HF, the microenvironment of HF, and factors affecting HF permeation. Multiple nanoformulations used to improve the HF permeation and technologies to characterize the HF permeation were introduced. The latest advance of HFTDDS based on nanoformulations were systematically summarized and analyzed in the treatment of acne and hair loss. Finally, the challenges of formulating HFTDDS were discussed. The review is expected to provide some ideas and references for developing delivery systems for treating skin diseases derived from HF.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; cytology ; Female ; Lipopolysaccharides ; toxicity ; Lung ; drug effects ; enzymology ; pathology ; Male ; Neutrophils ; cytology ; Peroxidase ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To explore the clinical characteristic of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis(RPGN) induced by the antithyroid agents[propylthiouracil(PTU) and methimazole(MMI)].Methods The analysis was made according to the drug histories,clinical manifestation,serology investigations,renal biopsy in 2 children.Results Two cases presented with gross hematuria,proteinuria and renal dysfunction.One case with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(ANCA)-positive and vasculitis lesion with cresent in the renal biopsy;another presented with mesengial proliferation and cresent.They both had been diagnosed RPGN induced by antithyroid agents for 5 years because of Graves disease.The treatment included that PTU and MMI were withdrawn and then combined prednisone with mycophenolate mofetil(MMF)were applied.One year after treatment,the urine analysis and renal function returned to normal.Conclusions The antithyroid agents may induce RPGN.A early diagnosis and immunosuppressive therapy can improve its prognosis of the disease.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the therapeutic effect of thenar perforator flaps for the narrow cicatricial contracture at thumb and the first web.

METHODSFrom Aug. 2010 to Jan. 2012, 9 cases with narrow cicatricial contracture at thumb and the first web, were treated. The defect size after releasing the contracture ranged from 8 mm x 20 mm to 15 cm x 30 mm. The bilateral thenar perforator flaps beside the wound were designed which size was 10 mm x 25 mm to 15 mm x 35 mm. The wounds at donor sites were closed directly.

RESULTSAll the 9 flaps survived completely with primary healing. The patients were followed up for 6-18 months. The flaps had soft texture and good appearance. The shape of flaps and function of the fingers were satisfied after 6-18 months of follow-up. There was no scar contracture at incisions in thenar. The thumb motion was really normal. The abduction of first web was 70 degrees - 90 degrees degrees.

CONCLUSIONSThe thenar perforator flaps is one of the ideal methods for the treatment of narrow cicatricial contracture at thumb and the first web. The main artery is not sacrified.

Arteries ; Cicatrix ; surgery ; Contracture ; surgery ; Fingers ; Humans ; Perforator Flap ; transplantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; Thumb ; surgery ; Wound Healing

The effect of phenol concentration on the structure and function of microbial communities,which were cultured in different conditions using coking wastewater biofilm as seeding,was investigated by Biolog and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE)methods.The less number of bands of cultivated sam-ples on the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis fingerprint of 16S rRNA gene indicated reduction of di-versity after enrichment and cultivation.Some bands on the DGGE gel were significantly influenced by the phenol concentration in medium.The results of Biolog showed that the original biofilm sample had the highest substrate utility capacity as measured by average well color development(AWCD).But low concen-tration of phenol enriched sample S7 showed more diverse activity on the utility of Carboxylic acids.The principal component analysis(PCA)of Biolog data revealed that the metabolic patterns were similar when using the same phenol concentration,although the sample S7 much less similar to other cultivated samples.These results suggested that the enrichment and cultivation with phenol supplemented decreased the diver-sity and also changed the metabolic function of the microbial community.Lower phenol concentration in-creased the microbial community metabolic activity.The phenol degrading capacity of isolates from each samples indicated that the enrichment and cultivation condition had changed the type and property of cul-truable bacteria.Based on these results,we concluded that the different microorganisms will be isolated un-der different cultivation condition.

Objective To investigate the clinical features,treatment response and prognosis in children with Takayasu′s arteritis(TA) in order to improve the understanding of TA.Methods A retrospective study of 10 children with TA was performed.All of them were admitted and diagnosed in Peking University First Hospital from Jan.1998 to Oct.2008.The clinical features,laboratory tests,imaging modalities,treatment response and prognosis were all collected and evaluated.Results There were 3 boys and 7 girls in the 10 patients with TA,and the ratio of male to female was 12.3.The onset was from 4 months to 9 years old,with average age at 5.5 years old.The average duration of diagnosis was 7.6 months.The incidences of hypertension,vascular bruits,albuminuria,convulsion were present in 100%,100%,70% and 40%,respectively.The clinical types included typeⅡ(60%),type Ⅲ(10%) and type Ⅳ(30%).The acute phase inflammatory indices of activity such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),C-reactive protein(CRP) and white blood cell(WBC) were not evidently increased.Tuberculosis infection was found in 6 out of 10 patients and anti-tuberculosis treatment was performed.Six patients were treated with steroids and 3 cases of them were also given immunosuppressives cyclophosphamide or methotrexate.Three of the 10 patients received anti-hypertensive and vasodilator.Two patients received percutaneous translurminal angioplasty and 1 patient received nephrectomy.One patient died of renal failure,heart failure and shock.Conclusions The patients with TA had high prevalence of tuberculosis infection,diagnosis as often late because of lack of specific clinical features at the acute inflammatory period.When organic ischaemia occurred,treatment response was usually unsatisfactory.Patients with multi-systemic and multi-viscera lesions should have comprehensive examination,especially for those with hypertension,pulseless and vascular bruits,in order to rule out TA.Early ultrasonography,computed tomography and magnetic resonnance image methods are valued in eariler diagnosis and they are the key factors to improve prognosis.