OBJECTIVE To develop a rapid method for simultaneously identifying Staphylococcus aureus(SA) and its resistance against meticillin. METHODS The target strains authenicated to Staphylococcus by traditional methods(appearance,Gram-stain,catalase) first,then using Slidex~staph.plus to authenticate SA;establishing traditional method or coagulase test and ATB-ID32STAPH system for verification.The penicillin-binding protein 2a(PBP2a) was examined by Slidex MRSA Detection,establishing resistance oxacillin sieving test and mecA gene was examined by PCR for verification. RESULTS The 135 strains were positive and 321 strains were negative for Slidex~staph.plus from 456 strains.The 127 S.aureus strains and eight others were confirmed from 135 positive strains finally,11 SA strains and 310 other strains were confirmed from 321 negative strains,there were 92.0% for sensitivity and 97.5% for specificity in this method.The 52 strains PBP2a positively confirmed to meticillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA) using Slidex MRSA Detection and 57 MRSA strains were confirmed using resistance oxacillin sieving test or PCR from 138 strains.There were 91.2% for sensitivity and 100% for specifity in this method. CONCLUSIONS The duplex Slidex~-staph monoclonal antibody examinated to SA and confirmed to MRSA has higher sensitivity and specificity.

Objective To study the effect of intracerebroventricular(icv) injectionon acetylcholine(ACh) on the elecric activities of pain-related neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area of rat.Methods Trains of the electric impulses applied to the right sciatic nerve were used as noxious stimuli.The discharges of neurons were led out by extracellular recording method with glass microelectrodes.Results Icv injection of ACh(20?g/10?l) caused an decrease of the evoked discharge frequency of pain-excited neurons(PEN) and a prolongation latency as well as an increase of the evoked discharge of pain-inhibited neurons(PIN) and a shortening of inhibitory duration.Conclusion The response of pain-related neurons in hippocampal CA1 area to the noxious stimulation is weakened by icv injection of ACh,exhibiting analgesic effect.

Objective To research on reversal mechanism of active ingredients of Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury.Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: control group, LPS group, rhein group, berberine group, baicalin group and dexamethasone group.8 mice in each group.Control group were injected intraperitoneally with 0.9%NaCl 0.5 mL, and the remaining groups were injected intraperitoneally with LPS 0.1 mL/g.The mice of rhein group, berberine group, baicalin group and dexamethasone group were respectively injected intraperitoneally rhein, berberine, baicalin ( 0.1 mL/g ) and dexamethasone ( 0.0001 mL/g ) 2 h before LPS injection.One day after LPS treatment, mice were decapitated and blood collected, diagnostic kits and automatic biochemical analyzer were used to detected urea nitrogen and creatinine.TNF-αand IL-6 concentrations in serum were detected by ELISA kit.HE staining and immunohistochemistry were performed in the kidney tissues.expression of apoptosis protein detected by Western blot.ResuIts Compared to control group, the blood urea nitrogen, serum creatnine, TNF-αand IL-6 level were significantly lower ( P<0.05 ) .HE staining found the renal tubular epithelial cell which treated with LPS were swelling, degeneration, loss, narrow lumen and tube type and exudate, renal interstitial edema, inflammatory cells infiltration.And symptoms of the other group were significantly slight.Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of Bax and Caspase3 in LPS group was obviously increased, while the expression of the others group was decreased, neither did Bcl-2.Western blot results showed that apoptosis proteins Bax, Cleave-caspase3, CytoC expression increased of LPS group, while the other groups were lower than LPS group.But Bcl-2 expression reduced in LPS group and increased in others group.ConcIusion The effective constituent of Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction can reversal of LPS induced acute kidney injury and its mechanism of action is similar to that of dexamethason.

BACKGROUND: At present, researches have been proved that nerve growth factor (NGF) plays an important role in repairing neural regeneration after spinal cord injuries. Poor ability of neural regeneration is related to lack of microenvironment for neuronal growth at local injured site. Whether electro-acupuncture can protect nerve after spinal cord injuries through increasing NGF level in injured spinal cord or not is lack of experimental data on the view of molecule.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electro-acupuncture on motor function, morphology of spinal cord and mRNA expression of NGF in rats with experimental spinal cord injuries through morphology and hybridization in situ.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study.SETTING: Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University; Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed in the Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian from January 1999 to February 2002. A total of 15 male SD rats weighing (260±9.52) g were randomly divided into sham operation group, injured control group and acupuncture group with 5 in each group.METHODS: Models of spinal cord injuries were established in injured control group and electro-acupuncture group, and rats in sham operation group were just treated with resection of lamina of vertebra. Two hours after operation, rats in electro-acupuncture group were treated with electroacupuncture at Daczhui (GV14) and Mingmen (GV4), L2 Jiaji (Ex-B2-L2)and Huantiao (GB30), alternatively. Then, G6805 electro-acupuncture apparatus was used with distant wave, 0.8 Hz, 0.3-0.6 mA, and slight shake on muscle was regarded as proper response. The electro-acupuncture was performed every 30 minutes a day for 30 days. Rats in injured control group and sham operation group were not treated with any way, and motor functions 2 hours and 30 days after operation were observed with modified Tarlov scale and Rivlin method. ① Modified Tarlov scale: Pamplegia and irresponsivity of lower limbs during electro-acupuncture were scored from 0 to 6 points. ② Modified Rivlin method: Tiltboard was consisted of two rectangular alloy boards which was connected to one end through hinge.Board turned around axis at the beginning of horizontal position (0°) and the angle of ram could be measured. Rats faced towards front were put vertically as longitudinal axis of body to longitudinal axis of tiltboard.Angle was increased gradually when rats were not able to keep the primary position for 5 seconds, and the critical angle was recorded. Hybridization in situ assay: Amount of positive NGF cells was recorded under light microscope and photographs were completed at the same time.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Scale of motor function (modified Tarlov score), critical angle of ram test (modified Rivlin method) and changes of amount of positive NGF mRNA cells in rats with spinal cord injuries.RESULTS: A total of 15 experimental rats were involved in the final analysis. ① Two hours after spinal cord injuries of rats in injured control group and electro-acupuncture group, score of motor function and critical angle of ram which was measured with modified Rivlin method were decreased remarkably; 30 days later, score of motor function measured with modified Tarlov scale and critical angle of ram were increased at various degrees, especially those in electro-acupuncture group were increased remarkably, and there was significant difference from those in injured control group [35.40±6.62, 27.80±1.10; (35.40±6.62)°, (27.80±1.10)°, P ＜ 0.05]. ② Thirty days after injury, pathological lesion of rats in electroacupuncture group was milder than that in injured control group, and morphological injury of spinal cord and amount of positive NGF mRNA cells were obvious as compared with those in injured control group (28.13±1.64,12.63±1.41, P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Electro-acupuncture can improve mRNA expression of NGF in spinal cord, relieve morphological injury of spinal cord, accelerate recovery of motor function of rats with spinal cord injuries, and protect nerve through mRNA expression of NGF.

Objective:To explore the antibacterial effect of Belamcanda Chinensis DC and Por tulaca oleracece L on P.aeruginosa (PA) in vitro.Methods:Fourty six strains PA were tested for minimum inhibition concentrati on ( MIC) by water decoct agents of the two drugs.MIC50 and MIC90 were st atistically studied.Results:For Belamcanda Chinensis DC,MIC was 31.25～3.90 g/L;MIC50 was 7 .81 g/L,and MIC90 was 15.62 g/L;whereas， for portulaca oleracece L,MIC was 31 .25～7.81 g/L, MIC50 was 15.62 g/L,and MIC90 was 31.25 g/L.Conclusion:Both of the two drugs have stronger antibacterial effects on P.ae ruginsosa in vitro.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; cytology ; Female ; Lipopolysaccharides ; toxicity ; Lung ; drug effects ; enzymology ; pathology ; Male ; Neutrophils ; cytology ; Peroxidase ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo evaluate effects of different treatments on patients with osteoporotic vertebral fracture after percutaneous kyphoplasty in pain and function.

METHODSFrom March 2010 to March 2012,138 patients (165 vertebrae) with thoracic and lumbar vertebral osteoporotic fracture were randomly divided into three groups (control group, treatment group and comprehensive group), 46 cases in each group, and all patients were treated by PKP. Control group were treated with calcium and calcitriol after operation, treatment group added salmon calcitonin see calcimar based on control group, comprehensive group added incrementality waist musculi dorsi function exercise based on treatment group. VAS, ODI scores and BMD before operation, 3 d, 2 weeks, 1 month, 6 months and 12 months after operation were detected and compared.

RESULTSAll operation were performed successfully,38 cases (45 vertebrae) in control group, 36 cases (44 vertebrae) in treatment group and 40 cases (49 vertebrae) were obtained complete following up, there was no significant meaning in following time among three groups (P>0.05). Postoperative VAS and ODI scores at 3 d, 2 weeks and 1 month among three groups were lower than that of before operation (P<0.01). Compared with control group, postoperative VAS score at 3 d, 2 weeks and 1 month were decreasedin treatment group and comprehensive group, but there was no significant meaning in ODI scores (P>0.05). At 6 and 12 months after operation,there was no significant differences in VAS and ODI between control group and treatment group (P>0.05), while VAS score in comprehensive group decreased much than other two groups,decreased continuously (P<0.01). At 12 months after operation, BMD among three groups were increased more than preoperative,and BMD in comprehensive group was more obviously than that of in control and treatment group.

CONCLUSIONPKP, an effective method for the treatment of thoracic and lumbar vertebral osteoporotic fracture, could improve short-term clinical effects by adding calcitonin with calcium supplements and activated vitamin D. Waist musculi dorsi function exercise could improve long-term clinical effects of PKP and improve quality of life.

Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Kyphoplasty ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

The therapeutic effects and mechanisms of traditional Chinese kidney-tonifying drugs in treating osteoporosis have become the focus under study. Pharmacological studies have shown that traditional Chinese kidney-tonifying drugs are promoters for the proliferation of osteoblasts, inhibitors for the activity of osteoclasts, regulators for the estrogen level and its receptor, plays important roles in promoting osteogenesis and suppressing adipogenesis of marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), modulating the function of OPG/RANK/RANKL system and the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, as well as antioxidation. The anti-osteoporotic active ingredients and pharmacological action mechanism of traditional Chinese kidney-tonifying drugs are summarized from the perspective of molecular and cell biology in this paper, so as to provide references for the study of their mechanism of anti-osteoporosis and for the development of traditional Chinese kidney-tonifying and bone-strengthening drugs.
Animals ; Bone and Bones ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Osteoporosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology

Objective To study the prevalence and associated factors of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients.Methods A cross-section study was performed.A total of 639 eligible participants undergoing CAPD treatment more than three months in our peritoneal dialysis center from July 2011 to January 2012 were recruited in the study.All the patients were divided into SHPT group and non-SHPT group according to the intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level,and the associated factors of SHPT were investigated through Logistic regression analysis.Results The prevalence of SHPT was 46.95％ (300/639).Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that lower hemoglobin,hypocalcemia,hyperphosphatemia,higher alkaline phosphatase,higher Scr,higher nPCR and low calcium dialysate were independent influencing factors of SHPT.Conclusions The prevalence of SHPT is quite high in CAPD patients.Abnormal calcium-phosphorus metabolism,renal anemia,high protein diet and low calium dialysate may affect the SHPT.

Background:Because of its non-invasiveness,direct inspection,and high detection rate,capsule endoscopy(CE) has been accepted as the first-line examination for diagnosis of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding(OGIB). However,no matter the result of CE is positive or negative,it is unable to accurately predict the occurrence of rebleeding. Aims:To preliminarily investigate the related risk factors of rebleeding in OGIB patients with positive or negative CE for reducing the rebleeding rate. Methods:One hundred and sixteen OGIB patients undergone CE and with follow-up data from October 2009 to October 2013 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were recruited,the rebleeding rate of patients with positive and negative CE,and the risk factors of rebleeding were analyzed. Results:CE diagnostic rate was 56. 9% , and the overall rebleeding rate was 37. 9% . The rebleeding rate in CE positive patients was significantly higher than that in CE negative patients(48. 5% vs. 24. 0% ,P < 0. 01). Male,age ≥50 years,hypertension,accumulated bleeding ≥500 mL within 3 months before CE were the independent risk factors of increase in rebleeding rate in CE positive patients. Age≥50 years,abnormal blood coagulation,without specific treatment were the independent risk factors of increase in rebleeding rate in CE negative patients. Conclusions:Followed-up should be performed in OGIB patients with risk factors of rebleeding for at least 24 months after CE. Repeated examination can be avoided in OGIB patients without risk factors.