OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effect and safety of dapoxetine in the treatment of premature ejaculation (PE).

METHODSWe randomly assigned 116 PE patients to receive dapoxetine on demand at 30 mg qd (dapoxetine group, n = 60, aged 23-49 years) or oral tamsulosin at 20 mg qd (control group, n = 56, aged 24-46 years). After 4 weeks of medication, we compared the clinical global impression of change (CGIC) , PE profile (PEP) scores, intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) , and adverse reactions between the two groups of patients.

RESULTSCompared with the baseline, the IELT was remarkably prolonged after treatment both in the dapoxetine group ([0.86 ± 0.17] vs [4.32 ± 2.23] min, P < 0.05) and the control ([0.88 ± 0.15] vs [4.17 ± 2.26] min, P < 0.05), with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P > 0. 05). The post-treatment rate of CGIC in the dapoxetine group had no statistically significant difference from that in the control (85.00% vs 82.14%, P > 0.05). In comparison with pre-treatment, the patients of both the dapoxetine and control groups showed dramatically improved scores after medication in perceived control over ejaculation (0.85 ± 0.23 vs 2.13 ± 0.97 and 0.88 ± 0.21 vs 2.06 ± 0.34, both P < 0.05), ejaculation-related personal distress (1.15 ± 0.64 vs 2.89 ± 0.26 and 1.19 ± 0.53 vs 2.82 ± 0.69, both P < 0.05), satisfaction with sexual intercourse (0.81 ± 0.33 vs 2.58 ± 0.37 and 0.79 ± 0.28 vs 2.45 ± 0.32, both P < 0.05), and ejaculation-related interpersonal difficulty (2.05 ± 0.61 vs 3.24 ± 0.35 and 2.03 ± 0.65 vs 3.18 ± 0.76, both P < 0.05), with no significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the dapoxetine than in the control group (3.33% vs 30.36%, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDapoxetine is effective for the treatment of PE, with its advantages of prolonging the intravaginal ejaculation latency time, improving the quality of sexual life, and low incidence of adverse reactions.

Adult ; Benzylamines ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Coitus ; Double-Blind Method ; Ejaculation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Naphthalenes ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Patient Satisfaction ; Premature Ejaculation ; drug therapy ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Sexual Behavior ; Sulfonamides ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effects of electrical stimulation on the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) andinterleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) in adult rats with spinal cord injury. Methods 72 adult SD rats were randomly divided into damage group (n=24), electrical stimulation group (n=24) and normal group (n=24). The spinal cord incomplete injury model on T9 was made with Allen'smethod in the former 2 groups. The rats in electrical stimulation group accepted electrical stimulation for 7 d. All the rats were evaluatedwith the Basso, Beattie & Bresnahan locomotor rating scale (BBB scale), and the expression of GFAP and IL-1α were determined with immunohistochemistry.Results The BBB scores in both the damage group and electrical stimulation group were significantly less than that inthe normal group (P<0.05), and it was more in the electrical stimulation group than in the damage group 5 and 7 d after injury. The expressionsof the GFAP significantly increased after injury to the peak on 5th day, while it was less in the electrical stimulation group than in thedamage group 5 and 7 d after injury (P<0.05). The expressions of the IL-1α increased continually after injury, while it was less in the electricalstimulation group than in the damage group 5 and 7 d after injury (P<0.05). Conclusion Electrical stimulation can inhibit the expressionof GFAP and IL-1α, that reduce inflammation and glial scar formation.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of botulinumtoxin type A (Botox-A) combined with electromyographic biofeedback therapy on the upper limb muscle spasm after stroke.Methods:86 cases of patients with upper limb muscle spasm after stroke in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2017 were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group,with 43 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were treated with electromyographic biofeedback therapy,and the observation group was treated with Botox-A based on the basis of control group.The improvement of upper limb muscle spasm,Upper limb movement function,the active range of wrist joint and life skills before and after treatment were compared between two groups.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate of improvement of upper limb muscle spasm of observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05);At 2 weeks and 4 weeks after treatment,the Fugl-Meyer scores,Wrist joint activities,modified Barthel index (MBI) of two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (P＜0.05),which were significantly higher in the observation group than those of the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Botox-Acombined with electromyographic biofeedback therapy had remarkable clinical effect on the upper limb muscle spasm after stroke,which could effectively reduce the upper limb spasticity,improve the arm and wrist movement ability and the ability of daily life.

Animals ; Aorta ; pathology ; Atherosclerosis ; blood ; etiology ; metabolism ; Chemokine CCL2 ; metabolism ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, Dietary ; administration & dosage ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Dehydroepiandrosterone ; pharmacology ; Diet, Atherogenic ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Triglycerides ; blood ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Male ; Neoplasm Staging ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Pathway engineering was the third generation of gene engineering. Its main goals were to change metabolic flux and open a new metabolic pathway in organism. Application of recombinant DNA methods to restructure metabolic networks can improve production of metabolite and protein products by altering pathway distributions and rates. Ethanol is the most advanced liquid fuel because it is environmentally friendly. Enhancing fuel ethanol production will require developing lower-cost feedstock, and only lignocellulosic feedstock is available in sufficient quantities to substitute for corn starch. Xylose is the major pentose found in lignocellulosic materials and after glucose the most abundant sugar available in nature. Recently a lot of attentions have been focused on designing metabolic pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in order to expand the substrate of ethanol fermentation, because it is a traditional ethanol producing strain and has wonderful properties for ethanol industry. However, it can not utilize xylose but convert the isomer, xylulose. Many attempts are based on introducing the genes in the pathway of xylose metabolism. The further research includes overexpressing the key enzyme or decreasing the unimportant flux. The sugars in lignocellulose hydrolyzates, therefore, could be efficiently utilized. Here, we describe the ethanol pathway engineering progress in ethanol fermentation from xylose with recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Biotechnology ; methods ; Ethanol ; metabolism ; Fermentation ; genetics ; physiology ; Recombination, Genetic ; genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Xylose ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effects of hypoxia on the features and chemoresistance of cancer stem cells in Hep-2 cells and underlying mechanism. Methods The shRNA interference recombinant plasmid targeting HIF-1α was synthesized and transfected into Hep-2 cells. The HIF-1αknockdown Hep-2 cells were established after clonal selection and the expression of HIF-1α was measured.The cellular features including proliferation,clonal formation,cell cycle,apoptosis and CD133 phenotype were measured in Hep-2 cells cultured under hypoxic condition in vitro. CD133 + cells were sorted from Hep-2 cells with flow cytometry. Clonal formation test and cisplatin treatment were carried out,and theexpressions of related genes( Oct-4,suvivin and p53 ) in CD133 + cells were measured.Results HIF-1αknockdown Hep-2 cells was successfully established,as evidenced by the reduced mRNA and proteinexpressions of HIF-lα. The Hep-2 cells cultured under hypoxic microenvironment showed higher proliferation and clonal formation activity,cell cycle arrest in G0/G1,lower apoptosis,up-regulated CD133,however the effects of hypoxia reduced in HIF-1α knockdown Hep-2 cells.CD133 + cells were successfullysorted from Hep-2 cells,and the CD133+ cells showed increased clonal formation activity and cisplatintreatment resistance in hypoxia. Also the effects of hypoxia on CD133 + cells decreased with HIF-1αknockdown,showing down-regulated Oct-4 and survivin and up-regulated p53.Conclusions Hypoixa caninduce the features of cancer stem cells in Hep-2 cells and increase proliferation,differentiation and chemoresistant ability of CD133 + cells,which might be correlated with the changes in expressions of HIF-1 αand related genes regulated by HIF-1 α.

The osmotic pressure of ammonium sulfate solutions has been measured by the well-established freezing point osmometry in dilute solutions and we recently reported air humidity osmometry in a much wider range of concentration. Air humidity osmometry cross-validated the theoretical calculations of osmotic pressure based on the Pitzer model at high concentrations by two one-sided test (TOST) of equivalence with multiple testing corrections, where no other experimental method could serve as a reference for comparison. Although more strict equivalence criteria were established between the measurements of freezing point osmometry and the calculations based on the Pitzer model at low concentration, air humidity osmometry is the only currently available osmometry applicable to high concentration, serves as an economic addition to standard osmometry.
Ammonium Sulfate ; chemistry ; Freezing ; Humidity ; Osmolar Concentration ; Osmometry ; methods ; Osmotic Pressure ; Solutions

OBJECTIVE: To determine the expressions of Notch1, Jagged1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to explore its clinical pathological significance. METHODS: Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expressions of Notch1, Jagged1 and VEGF in 65 patients with NSCLC and 15 normal epithelial tissues of the lung, and the relationship between them and clinic-pathological parameters were analyzed. RESULTS: The positive rates of Notch1, Jagged1 and VEGF in NSCLC were 81.5%, 83.1% and 93.8%, respectively, higher than those in normal epithelial tissues of the lung (P<0.05). The positive expression levels of Notch1 and VEGF were closely associated with the tumor stage and the lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The positive expression levels of Jagged1 was positively correlated with the pathological type and lymph node metastasis. There was a positive correlation between Notch1, Jagged1 and VEGF. CONCLUSION Notch1, Jagged1 and VEGF protein may play an important role in the pathway of carcinogenesis and progression of NSCLC. The up-regulation of Notch1, Jagged1 and VEGF protein expression probably predict NSCLC carrying relatively strong permeation and metastasis.
Adult ; Aged ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Jagged-1 Protein ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Receptor, Notch1 ; metabolism ; Serrate-Jagged Proteins ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical characteristics of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill childhood patients with influenza A virus (H1N1) and enterovirus 71 (EV71), and to study the significance of the serum creatinine and urine output in diagnosis of AKI.

METHODThe clinical data of AKI in critically ill children admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) with confirmed influenza A (H1N1) or enterovirus 71 infection (EV71 group) from Oct. 2009 to Oct. 2010.

RESULTTwenty-eight critically ill children were involved in the study. In H1N1 group, there were 18 cases including 6 males and 12 females, and the average age was 5.4 years. In EV71 group, there were 10 cases including 8 males and 2 females, and the average age was 1.1 years. In H1N1 group: 4 cases developed AKI, whose average number of involved organ was 5.3. Two children were classified as first stage completely recovered after treatment; three children who were classified as third stage died. In 14 children without AKI, the average number of involved organ was 3.0, four of these children died. In EV71 group: 3 cases (first stage) developed AKI and 3 cases' serum creatinine increased to 45.0 to 47.6 percent from baseline. The average number of involved organ was 5.7. All the six children died. The other 4 cases whose serum creatinine was normal, and the average number of involved organ was 3.0, recovered.

CONCLUSIONIn critically ill virus-infected children, more organs were involved in the patients who developed AKI. As to influenza A (H1N1) infected critically ill children, the prognosis was comparatively better if the children were classified as AKI stage 1 and received early effective treatment. On the contrary, the prognosis was comparatively worse for those with AKI stage 3. As to EV71 infected critically ill children, the prognosis was worse once AKI developed. As to diagnosis of AKI, the sensitivity of serum creatinine criteria seemed to be superior to the urine output criteria. However, the significance of the serum creatinine and urine output in diagnosis of AKI still needs to be investigated in the future in large scale clinical studies.

Acute Kidney Injury ; diagnosis ; etiology ; virology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Critical Illness ; Enterovirus ; pathogenicity ; Enterovirus Infections ; complications ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; pathogenicity ; Influenza, Human ; complications ; virology ; Intensive Care Units ; Male ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies