Objective:To study the effects of LSPC on impairment of learning and memory in mice induced by scopolamine and alcohol,and its possible mechanism.Method:One hundred male Kun-Ming mice were randomly divided into 2 batches,50 in each.Each batch was then divided into 5 groups(n=10):control,model,LSPC of 22.5,45,90 mg/kg bw.Group 3-5 was treated with lotus seedpod procyanidins(LSPC,dissolved in normal saline,22.5,45,90 mg/kg bw)by ig.each day for 20 d,while group 1-2 was treated with ig.normal saline.The model of learning and memory impairment was established by ip.3 mg/kg bw scopolamine hydrobromide or ig.40% alcohol in 0.1 ml/10 g bw respectively.Then,effect of LSPC on learning and memory in mice were tested by Y-maze.As to the mice whose learning and memory ability was impaired by alcohol,their brains were dissected out after Y-maze experiment for detecting the level of MDA,the activity of SOD and MAO-B.Results:The learning and memory abilities of mice impaired by scopolamine were remarkably improved after22.5 and 90mg/kg bw LSPC treatment.In the alcohol experiment,the impairment was significantly improved after three different doses of LSPC administration.The level of MDA was reduced,the activity of SOD increased and the activity of MAO-B decreased in mice that learning and memory was impaired by alcohol.Conclusion:LSPC can improve learning and memory abilities of the mice impaired by alcohol and scopolamine,and the mechanism in alcohol experiment probably lay on its suppressive effect on MAO-B activity and protection of neurons from oxidative stress.

Objective To investigate the application value of multi-slice CT enterography (MSCTE)in diagnosing intestinal tuberculosis (ITB)and Crohn’s disease (CD).Methods MSCTE findings were retrospectively analyzed in 25 patients with ITB and in other 25 patients with CD diagnosed through endoscopy,pathologic examination and clinical follow-up.Statistical analysis was performed to find out the difference in CT findings between the ITB and CD.Results 25 patients with CD included the involved ileum in 23,involved duode-num and jejunum in 8,multiple segmental lesions in 20,asymmetrically thickened intestinal wall in 20,hierarchical reinforcement in 1 9,mesenteric vascular hyperplasia in 20,fibrofatty hyperplasia in 18,peritoneal abscess or fistula in 8,anal fistula in 1,and pseu-do-diverticulum formation in the intestinal wall on the opposite side of the mesentery in 2.Meanwhile,the other 25 patients with ITB included the involved terminal ileum in 25,symmetrically thickened intestinal wall in 23,annular enhancement of lymph nodes in 11,thickened peritoneum and omentum together with distinct enhancement,or intestinal adhesion,or ascites appeared in 15.The CD was more likely to represent multiple segmental lesions,asymmetrically thickened intestinal wall,hierarchical reinforcement,mesenteric vascular hyperplasia,fibrofatty hyperplasia,and peritoneal abscess or fistula formation (P <0.05).Meanwhile,the ITB was more likely to represent the lesion only in ileum,symmetrically thickened intestinal wall,and annular enhancement of lymph nodes (P <0.05).Conclusion MSCTE shows promising clinical application in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of CD and ITB.

Using Brass-Logit model and life tables for general population and Down's syndrome patients in U.S.A and lire tables for general population in China,we estimated the life table of Down's syndrome patients in China.Through comparing with data from other countries,we suggested that BrassLogit Model Life Table could be adopted were minimum data of birth defects survival was available and systematic data was handy in another areas.

Adult ; Blindness ; etiology ; Cysts ; surgery ; Humans ; Infection ; complications ; etiology ; Male ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; Sphenoid Sinus

Objective To study the immediate conservative breast surgical reconstruction by trans-ferring the same lateral latissimus dorsal myocutaneous flap (LDM) for the treatment of stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ breast cancer, combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods Breast cancer patients in stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ with pathological diagnosis by core needle biopsy, had undergone immediate conservative breast reconstruction surgery with transferring the latissimus dorsal myocutaneous (LDM). We scored the reconstructed breast twice at one month after operation and completion of radiation. The final score was decided using the mean value of the twice evaluating score. Kaplan-Meier survival was used to analyze the survival of 18 cases with traditional mastectomy. Results The tumor size ranged from 30 mm to 55 mm before neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and ranged from 25mm to 45 mm after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The median weight of the tumor specimens in breast conservative operation was 140 g (90 g to 220 g). A-mong the 18 patients, 16 cases had more than 3 scores with satisfied cosmetics (93.33 % ). Dorsal subcu-taneous seroma in donation area was observed in 5 of 18 patients (27.78 %) and dorsal incision dehiscence was observed in 2 of 18 patients (11.11%). None of the patients developed recurrence except that 1 pa-tient (5.55 %) had distance metastasis (bone metastasis} in a mean 22-months follow-up. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve in breast conservation reconstruction patients had no different from that of traditional mastectomy patients at the same time. Conclusions Immediate conservative breast surgical reconstruction by using the same lateral latissimus dorsal myocutaneous flap is an effective method for stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ breast cancer patients combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which can increase satisfactory breast so that cosmetic outcome can be reached.

In recent years, more and more research shows that the pharmacokinetic parameter of traditional Chinese medicine can be affected by the disease states. It's possible that drug metabolic enzymes, transporters, cell membrane permeability and the change of microbes group could be interfered with physiological and pathological changes, which enables the pharmacokinetics of traditional Chinese medicine in the body to be altered, including the process of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion, and then the pharmacokinetic parameters of traditional chinese medicine are altered. It's found that investigating the pharmacokinetic of traditional Chinese medicine in the pathological state is more useful than that of in normal state because the great part of traditional Chinese medicine is mainly used to treat disease. This article reflects the latest research on the pharmacokinetic of traditional Chinese medicine in the disease state such as diabete, cerebral ischemia, liver injury, inflammatory disease, nervous system disorders and fever in order to provide certain reference for clinicians designing reasonable administration dose.
Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Nervous System Diseases ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effects of single posterior debridement, bone grafting, internal fixation and local chemotherapy in treating thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis.

METHODSFrom February 2009 to September 2012,11 patients with thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis were treated by single posterior debridement, bone grafting, internal fixation and local chemotherapy. There were 7 males and 4 females, aged from 27 to 65 years old with an average of 53.7 years. The courses of disease was from 3 months to 2 years with the mean of 9 months. According to ASIA standard of spinal cord injury, 3 cases were grade C and 8 cases D. After treatment, clinical effects were evaluated by ASIA grade, visual analogue score (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI); kyphosis Cobb angle change was observed by X-rays.

RESULTSEleven patients were followed up from 12 to 29 months with an average of 18 months. ASIA grade of spinal cord injury, 3 patients with grade C improved to grade D in 2 cases and grade E in 1 case 8 patients with grade D improved to grade E in 7 cases and unchanged in 1 case. VAS decreased from preoperative 6.10 ± 1.30 to 1.70 ± 0.80 at 3 d after operation (P < 0.05). ODI improved from preoperative (68.36 ± 10.41)% to (14.55 ± 8.99)% (P < 0.05) at 3 d after operation. Kyphotic Cobb angle was corrected from preoperative (22.64 ± 4.84)° to (4.27 ± 1.49)° (P < 0.05) on the 3rd day after operation, and angle loss was mild at final follow-up, there was no significant difference between postoperative at 3 d and final follow-up.

CONCLUSIONSingle posterior debridement, bone grafting, internal fixation and local chemotherapy for the treatment of thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis can effectively remove the lesion, improve nerve function and correct deformity, has advantage of single incision, little trauma, and low recurrence rate. But it still need long-term and systemic treatment with anti-TB drugs.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Transplantation ; Debridement ; Female ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; surgery ; Tuberculosis, Spinal ; therapy

Objective Radiological grade of splenic injury was seldomly used in China trauma center now,though it had been established in 1994 by American Association for Surgery of Trauma (AAST) and widely used.The present study is aimed to analyze the imaging grade and clinical characteristics of traumatic splenic rupture in children,discuss the feasibility of conservative treatment,and the role of radiographic grading during clinical treatment.Methods Information (including age,gender,severity based on radiological findings,treatment strategies,and clinical outcome) regarding 59 hospitalized splenic injury patients whose injuries occurred between 2008 and 2014 was retrospectively analyzed.Results Between 2008 and 2014,59 pediatric patients with splenic injury were treated in our institution.Median age was 9.5 years (range,3 months to 16 years).Of all patients,41 (69.5%) were male.The injuries were primarily caused by traffic crash (45.7%),stumbling/falling from a height (38.9%).According to AAST,5 cases were grade Ⅰ,26 patients grade Ⅱ (44.1%),and 21 cases grade Ⅲ (35.6%),6 over grade Ⅳ,and only one was unclear.Of all patients,25 cases were with the other organs complications.All patients underwent fasting,bed rest,and antibiotics.Only 1 case was transferred to operation during the conservative treatment.Forty-nine patients underwent with CT scan over 2 times.Conclusion Imaging classification helps guide clinical treatment.Conservative treatment is feasible for traumatic splenic injury in children.Early imaging classification of splenic injury may be helpful in clinical judgment,and reduce children radiation exposure.

Objective To investigate the filtration roles of microporous membranes with different pore sizes in the tumor cells with different diameters,and effects on the filtered cells.Methods Three kinds of tumor cells with different cell diameters and same concentrations,including Jurkat,K562 and A549,were filtered by the polycarbonate microporous membranes with different pore sizes such as 1,3,5,8 and 10 μm,respectively,and their filtration rates were determined.The diameters of three kinds of tumor cells before and after filtration,and the fixed K562 cells with formaldehyde,were measured by an optical microscope.The activity of the filtered K562 cells were detected by the trypan blue staining.After the filtered K562 cells were re-cultured,their proliferation activity was analyzed by the growth curve.Results Jurkat,K562 and A549 cells couldn't pass the filter membrane with 1 μm of pore size.The filtration rates of three kinds of tumor cells passing the fliter membranes with 3 μm,5 μm,8 μm and 10 μm of pore sizes increased in turn.The survival rate of K562 cells filtered by 3 μm of pore size of membrane was 92.0％,and the proliferation acticity of re-cultured K562 cells was still strong.The filtration rate of the fixed K562 cells with formaldehyde was significantly decreased,and the average diameter of the filtered cells had no obvious change.Conclusion The living cells are able to pass the membranes with the pore sizes less than their diameters.The living cells passed the filter membranes may still maintain their growth and proliferation activity.However,the fixation of formaldehyde may significantly reduce the number of cells passed the membrane.

Objective To explore the prevalence rates of disabilities among the ethnic minority people in China. Methods Utilizing stratified, multiphase, and cluster probability sampling design, 2 526 145 persons were investigated and screened by trained interviewers,including 297 761 persons with ethnic minority backgrounds. Respondents scoring positive for potential problems were referred to physician for further diagnosis on disability and on scale measurement.Results The overall prevalence rate of disability for both ethnic minority and Han population were 6.24% (95%CI:6.16%-6.51% ) and 6.41% (95% CI: 6.38%-6.51% ) respectively. The total aggregate age-adjusted prevalence rate of disability was 7.31% for persons with ethnic minority. The prevalence rate of disabilities in male was significantly higher than that in females (7.31% vs. 6.75% ). The ranking of prevalence rates on different type of disabilities were: physical disability 1.90% (95%CI:1.89%-1.91%), hearing disability 1.34%(95%CI: 1.33%-1.35%), multiple disability 1.14%(95%CI:1.13%-1.15% ), vision disability 0.99% (95%CI: 0.97%-1.01% ), psychiatric disability 0.38%(95%CI:0.37%-0.40% ), intellectual disability 0.38% (0.37%-0.39%) and speech disability 0.12% (0.11%-0.13% ). Cerebral Palsy, genetic diseases, tympanitis, cerebral disease and mental retardation (not including unknown items) were the major causes for disabled children with ethnicity background.Degenerated diseases, including osteoarthropathy, cerebrovascular disease, elderly-related deafness or cataract were most important causes for ethnic minority persons aged 60 or over. Injury, including traffic accident was important disabled-related factor for persons with minority ethnicity aged 15-59.The main causes and ranking of causes for ethnical minority were similar with that for Han population.Conclusion The prevalence rate of disability for ethnic minority persons was significantly higher than that for Han population in China. Prevention for different types of disability should be provided accordingly to persons with ethnic minority, in different age groups.