OBJECTIVE:To provide identification reference for the clinical use of Cinnabaris. METHODS:TCM micro-macro-scopical identification method and microscopic identification method were used. RESULTS:The micro-macroscopical characteristics were obtained:irregular granule or sheet block,different forms,wide bright red,opuque translucent with some luster; some sam-ples showed irregular lump with big shape,red scale on surface,dulling or gray-black. The were microscopic characteristics ob-tained:different forms of irregular granule,some sheet block,wide bright red,with some luster,occasionally with yellow gran-ules. CONCLUSIONS:The method for micro-macroscopical identification and microscopic identification of Cinnabaris is simple and convenient,and it can be used for the rapid verification of Cinnabaris.

Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Atractylodis Rhizoma were widely used in strengthening spleen under different disease conditions, and were easily and often misused each other. Therefore, DNA barcode was used to distinguish Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Atractylodis Rhizoma from their adulterants to ensure the safe use. The sequence lengths of ITS2 of Atractylodes macrocephala, Atractylodis Rhizoma (A. lancea, A. japonica and A. coreana) were both 229 bp. Among the ITS2 sequences of A. macrocephala, only one G/C transversion was detected at site 98, and the average GC content was 69.42%. No variable site was detected in the ITS2 sequences of A. lancea. The maximum K2P intraspecific genetic distances of both A. japonica and A. coreana were 0.013. The maximum K2P intraspecific genetic distances of A. macrocephala, A. lancea, A. japonica and A. coreana were less than the minimum interspecific genetic distance of adulterants. The ITS2 sequences in each of these polytypic species were separated into pairs of divergent clusters in the NJ tree. DNA barcoding could be used as a fast and accurate identification method to distinguish Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Atractylodis Rhizoma, from their adulterants to ensure its safe use.
Atractylodes ; classification ; genetics ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; classification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Quality Control ; Rhizome ; classification ; genetics

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of levofloxacin in the treatment of respiratory tract infection in elderly patients. METHODS An open clinical trial was conducted for the treatment of respiratory tract infection in elderly patients.The dosage of the drug was 0.5g once daily injection,the duration of treatment was 7-14 days. RESULTS The total cure rate,the total response rate and the bacterial clearance rate were 56.7%,83.3%,and 82.1%,respectively. CONCLUSIONS Levofloxacin is a drug both effective and safe for respiratory tract infection in elderly patients.The dosage of the drug(0.5g/day) can reach higher clinical effective rate,best tolerance and compliancy.

Objective To investigate the relationship of pancreatic β-cell function and insulin resistance with microalbuminuria in a cross -sectional study of patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods A total of 524 partici-pants with type 2 diabetes were recruited in this cross -sectional study.All subjects'height,weight,waist circumfer-ence and blood pressure were measured.Venous blood samples were drawn to measure fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting lipids,glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c),fasting C -peptide (FPC).24h -urine was collected to measure urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER).Homeostasis model assessment of pancreatic β-cell function (HOMA -B) and insulin resistance (HOMA -IR)were estimated using fasting plasma C -peptide.According to HOMA -B quar-tile,the subjects were divided into four groups,including q1 -q4.According to HOMA -IR,the subjects were also divided into four groups,including Q1 -Q4.We assessed the crude associations across quartiles of these data with demographic and clinical parameters using a nonparametric test for trend across ordered groups (trend using Stata software).Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relationships of pancreatic β-cell function and insulin resistance with microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes.Results Trend test showed that UAER gradually reduced with increase of HOMA -B.The UAER values in subjects with q1,q2,q3 and q4 were 8.92(5.53 -28.65),8.55(5.52 -20.95),7.57(4.79 -19.83)and 7.84(5.23 -14.38)μg/min,respectively, and the trend was statistically significant(z =-2.1,P <0.05 ).With HOMA -IR increasing,UAER gradually increased.The UAER values in subjects with Q1,Q2,Q3 and Q4 were 6.73(4.85 -16.52),8.61 (5.2 -20.37), 8.31(4.88 -27.04),8.75(6.03 -25.21)μg/min,respectively,and the trend was also statistically significant(z =2.41,P <0.05).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that subjects with the highest quartile of HOMA -B had lower possibility of microalbuminuria than patients with the lowest quartile of HOMA -B (adjusted OR q4 vs. q1 =0.39,95% CI:0.20 -0.76,Wald =7.59,P =0.006).Subjects with the highest quartile of HOMA -IR had higher risk of microalbuminuria than those with the lowest quartile of HOMA -IR (adjusted OR Q4 vs.Q1 =2.00, 95% CI:1.08 -3.72,Wald =4.84,P =0.028).Conclusion Insulin resistance is associated with an increased prevalence of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes,while improved pancreatic β-cell function is linked to decreased rates of microalbuminuria for those patients.

Objective To study local and systemic immune response in an animal model treated with recombinant hIFN-α-2b-BCG instillation. Methods The MB49 orthotopic bladder cancer model in C57BL/6 mice was established and treated separately with rBCG, wild BCG, wild BCG combined with IFN-α-2b and PBS as the control. The changes of lymphocyte subgroups in peripheral blood were analyzed with FCM, and mTNF-α and mIL-12 in peripheral blood of mice were detected with ELISA.Immunohistochemistry was carried out to detect the local immune reaction, T cell subsets and FAS, in bladder cancer after being treated with rBCG or wBCG. Results The content of CD4+ T lymphocyte was up-regulated in the rBCG group. The CD4+/CD8+ ratio of 2. 63 was up-regulated than pretreatment, significantly different than that of wBCG group(P＜0.05). ELISA assay showed that BCG significantly up-regulated the level of mTNF-α and mIL-12 in serum of orthotopie murine bladder cancer mice. The mTNF-α 806 pg/ml, mIL-12 860 pg/ml in rBCG group, was not significantly higher than those in wBCG group and combination group. The immunocompetent cell numbers with CD3, CD4,CD8 phenotype increased significantly in the tumor tissue of BCG treated group than the control(P＜0.05). The results of CD4+ in rBCG group and the combination group, and CD8+ in rBCG group were significantly higher than that of the wBCG(P＜0.05). The expression of Fas in tumor tissues treated with intravesical BCG was increased(P＜0. 05). Conclusions The recombinant IFN-α-2b-BCG can retrieve the disproportion of systemic lymphocyte subgroups, and increases Th1-type factors and local Fas expression in orthotopic murine bladder cancer. The recombinant IFN-α-2b-BCG is effective in regulating local and systemic immune reaction in orthotopic murine bladder cancer model.

Objective To investigate on the incidence of gynecological laparoscopic operation complications within ten years.Methods From January 2003 to December 2012,clinical data and the complications of 4 897 cases undergoing gynecological laparoscopic operation in First Hospital of Peking University were studied retrospectively.Those surgeries included 876 cases with hysterectomy,662 cases with myoectomy,3 266 cases with adnexa surgery,93 cases of diagnostic laparoscopy operation.Results The complications occurred in 29 cases,the incidence rate was 0.59％ (29/4 897).The Incidence rate in Hysterectomy group was 1.83％ (16/876),which was significantly higher than 0.60％ (4/662) in myoectomy group and 0.28％ (9/3 266) in adnexa surgery group.Twenty nine cases of complications were 14 cases with organ injures (48％,14/29),5 cases with hemorrhage complications (17％,5/29),8 cases with infectious complications (28％,8/29),2 cases with incisional hernia(7％,2/29).Conclusion The major complication of gynecological laparoscopic operation complication was organs injuries,which was associated with difficulty and scope of the operation.

0.05).Tumor volumes was diminished in group B and C as compared with that in group A(P

The fermentation of Bacillus cereus DLSL-2 was investigated through single-factor test. The optimized fermentation conditions are: temperature 30℃,initial pH 7.0,250 r/min. Uniform design was used in shaking flask to optimize the fermentation medium of bacillus cereus . The most suitable medium was identified as follows:4.88% defated soybean power ,1.45% maize starch, 0.106% K 2HPO 4, 1.78% yeasts extract, 5.6% inoculum. the optimized medium allowed the B.cereus biomass concentration to be increased from 3.2?109 cfu/mL to 7.1?109 cfu/mL.

To study the chemical constituents of the 95% ethanol extract of Psidium guajava. Compounds were separated by using a combination of various chromatographic methods including silica gel, D101 macroporous resin, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectral data Eighteen compounds were isolated and identified as (+) -globulol (1), clovane-2beta, 9alpha-diol (2), 2beta-acetoxyclovan-9alpha-ol (3), (+) -caryolane-1 ,9beta-diol (4), ent-T-muurolol (5), clov-2-ene-9alpha-ol (6), isophytol (7), tamarixetin (8), gossypetin (9), quercetin (10), kaempferol (11), guajaverin (12), avicularin (13), chrysin 6-C-glucoside (14), 3'-O-methyl-3, 4-methylenedioxyellagic acid 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (15), p-hydroxy-benzoic acid (16), guavinoside A (17) and guavinoside B (18). Compounds 2-9 and 14-16 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The ethanol extract showed 61.3% inhibition against the proliferation of colon cancer cell line SW480.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Psidium ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the proliferation rule after autografl vein in autografl of vein and repairing arterial defect,discuss the minuteness structure changes related to time,and provide morphological date for the prevention and treatment of restenosis in clinic application.Methods Sixty canine femoral veins (3.5 cm and 5.5 cm) were excised,reversed and grafted to repairing femoral arterial defect using end- to-end anastomosis.During the period of 30-180 days excised the grafted veins,observed ultrastrural changes of endothelium,microstructural components relative content and patency in grafted veins through angiography, lipht microscope.Results Angiography show that the grafted vein wall get gradually thicker,vascular cavity get slender,and vessel elasticity shrinkage.Light microscope chalrify the ultrastructural changes of endotheh- um,the three lamine structure of grafted vascular wall could not be identified.Conclusion Grafted femoral veins had obviously arteriosclerosis trend after it was transplanted to the arterial system.Two months after the transplantation is the crisis time of the proliferation of the vascular wall.The effect of the proliferation of the grafted veins vascular wall and the impact of the hi-pressure of blood can lead some canine ruptured to die from pseudoaneurysms.