1.Clinical decision on a patient with esthesioneuroblastoma
Chunhua SHE ; Wenliang LI ; Qiongli ZHAI ; Bohan XIAO ; Peiguo WANG ; Xiuyu SONG ; Jie YAN ; Yehui SHI
Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology 2015;(17):871-875
Olfactory neuroblastoma is a rare malignant tumor. Although multiple therapeutic modalities including surgery, radio-therapy, or chemotherapy could be used in patients with olfactory neuroblastoma, no standardized treatment has been achieved. This re-view introduces a case of adult olfactory neuroblastoma treated by a multiple disciplinary team in Tianjin Medical University Cancer In-stitute and Hospital. This review also aims to explore a complete set of diagnostic and treatment practices for the benefit of future pa-tients.
2.Analysis of the causes of pyogenic granuloma after hydroxyapatite orbital implants
Yan, ZHU ; Yu-Guang, ZHU ; A-ping, ZHAI ; Xiu-Yun, LI ; Xiao-Jun, FAN ; Li-Hua, ZHANG
International Eye Science 2009;9(2):223-226
AIM: To study the causes of pyogenic granuloma after hydroxyapatite(HA) orbital implants.METHODS: HA orbital implants (250 cases) in our hospital (68 pegged implants) were reviewed.All patients were followed up from 18 months to 10 years. Implants were removed after medical therapy which was proved to be ineffective.RESULTS: Ten of 250 cases of HA orbital implants developed pyogenic granuloma. Pyogenic granuloma occurred in 1 unpegged implants patient and 9 patients after pegging and drilling of HA implantation over 4~7 years. The pyogenic granulomas were not controlled by medical therapy effectively. Implants were removed in 9 cases except 1 case denied removing and continued medical therapy.CONCLUSION: Pyogenic granuloma was serious complication that occurred after HA orbital implants. Partial vascularization, implant exposure, xenogenic sclera implant, pegging and drilling of HA implantation are risk factors that affect the development of pyogenic granuloma.Pyogenic granuloma hasn't relation with implanted peg material. Pyogenic granuloma denotes the potential implant infection, and all implants should be removed finally.
3.Analysis of factors affecting intrahepatic infection after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for liver cancers
Bo ZHAI ; Xiao-Yan LI ; Sheng LIU ; Yi CHEN ; Meng-Chao WU ;
Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University 1985;0(06):-
Objective:To investigate the factors affecting the intrahepatic infection after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation(PRFA)for liver cancers.Methods:The clinical data of 1567 patients with intrahepatic infection after PRFA for liver cancers(from Dec.1999 to Oct.2007)were retrospectively summarized.Logistic regression method was used to analyze the possible affecting factors.Results:Twenty-eight person-times of intrahepatic infection occurred in 1635 patients who received a total of 2035 times of PRFA.with the infecting rate being 1.38%.The intrahepatic infection-related mortality was 0.13% (2/1567).Univariate analysis indicated that the intrahepatic infection was significantly correlated with metastatic liver cancer, pattern of past abdominal operation,tumor location,tumor size and tumor numbers(P
4.Research advances in the role of JAK2 mutations in acute leukemia.
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 2015;17(6):644-649
The Janus kinase -signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway plays pivotal roles in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis, which is closely related with the development of hematopoietic cells and some hematological diseases. As an important signaling axis in JAK-STAT pathway, abnormally activated JAK2-STAT signaling is involved in the development of the hematological malignancies. JAK2V617F mutation is the important molecular pathogenesis of myeloproliferative disorders. Recent studies have demonstrated that JAK2 mutations are present in different acute leukemia subtypes and the frequency of mutations is different and that JAK2 mutations might be closely correlated with acute leukemia formation, treatment and prognosis. The pathogenic mechanism of JAK2 mutations has not been completely elucidated. JAK2 mutations might lead to JAK-STAT overactivation, resulting in the excessive proliferation, apoptosis resistance and differentiation blocking of blood cells. JAK2 inhibitors have been rapidly developed as targeted therapies for hematological disorders with JAK2 mutations. This article mainly focuses on recent studies about the role of JAK2 mutations in the pathogenesis, clinical characteristics and targeted therapies of acute leukemia.
Humans
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Janus Kinase 2
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genetics
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physiology
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Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
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genetics
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Molecular Targeted Therapy
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Mutation
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Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
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genetics
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STAT Transcription Factors
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physiology
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Signal Transduction
5.Impact of breast density on computer-aided detection (CAD) of breast cancer.
Kai-yan YANG ; Xiao-juan LIU ; Ren-you ZHAI
Chinese Journal of Oncology 2012;34(5):360-363
OBJECTIVETo evaluate the impact of breast density on computer-aided detection (CAD) for breast cancer and the CAD false-positive rate of normal controls.
METHODSTwo hundred and seventy-one histologically proven breast malignant lesions (from Feb. 2008 to Dec. 2009) and 238 randomly selected normal cases were classified by mammographic density according to the American College of Radiology breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS). Mammograms of BI-RADS 1 or BI-RADS 2 density were categorized as non-dense breasts, and those of BI-RADS 3 or BI-RADS 4 density were categorized as dense breasts. Full-field digital mammography (GEMS Senographe) were performed in all patients and controls with craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) views. Then the image data were transferred to review workstation (SenoAdvantage), and the lesions were marked by Second Look Digital CAD system (version 7.2, iCAD). The differences of sensitivity and false-positive rate between dense and non-dense breasts were compared.
RESULTSOverall, the sensitivity of CAD in detection of cancers was 84.1% (228/271), there was a statistically significant difference in CAD of cancers in dense versus non-dense breasts (P = 0.015). The sensitivity of CAD in detection of mass cancers was 76.5% (186/243), in detection of calcification cancers was 79.1% (125/158), there was no statistically significant difference in CAD performance for the detection of mass cancers versus calcification cancers (P = 0.547). There was a significant difference in the CAD performance for the detection of mass cancer cases in non-dense versus dense breasts (P = 0.001), but no significant difference in the CAD for the detection of calcification cancers in non-dense versus dense breasts (P = 0.216). In the controls, the distribution of mass false-positive marks did not differ significantly between non-dense and dense breast tissue cases (P = 0.207), but the distribution of calcification false-positive marks differed significantly between non-dense and dense breast tissue cases (P = 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference of false-positive marks in non-dense versus dense breasts (P = 0.043).
CONCLUSIONSThe sensitivity of CAD in the detection of breast cancers is impacted by breast density. There is a statistically significant difference in the CAD performance for the detection of cancer cases in non-dense versus dense breasts. The false-positive rate of CAD is lower in dense versus non-dense breasts. It appears difficult for CAD in the early detection of breast cancer in the absence of microcalcifications, particularly in dense breasts.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Breast ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Calcinosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; False Positive Reactions ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted ; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted
6.Clinical application of minimal residual disease detection in childhood acute leukemia.
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 2018;20(5):416-420
In recent years, great progress has been made in the treatment outcome of childhood acute leukemia with the improvement of chemotherapy regimens and the introduction of risk-stratified therapy; however, minimal residual disease (MRD) is still a difficult problem which affects the prognosis of acute leukemia. MRD influences the selection of chemotherapy regimens and recurrence risk stratification, and meanwhile, it can be used for prognostic prediction. At present, flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction are mainly used for MRD detection. The next-generation sequencing also plays an important role in MRD detection, especially in MRD detection after stem cell transplantation. This article reviews the methodology and significance of MRD detection in childhood acute leukemia.
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
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High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
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Humans
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Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
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diagnosis
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therapy
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Neoplasm, Residual
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diagnosis
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Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
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diagnosis
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therapy
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Prognosis
7.Morphometrical study of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells of periosteum germinal layer from different parts of the body and its clinical significance
Yu-Chi WU ; Xiao-Yan ZHANG ; Zhe-Hai LI ; Hong LIU ; Hong-Li ZHAI ; Yong-Qiang GUO ; Xue-Feng BAI ;
Chinese Journal of Trauma 2003;0(09):-
Objective To find a way to measure and count plane distribution of cells distributed on single layer and compare differences of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells of periosteum germinal layer from different parts of the body.Methods After counting the number of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells of periosteum germinal layer from different parts of the body microscopically and figuring out the number of cells per area unit in each periosteum specimen,the obtained data were statistically analyzed and the stratum structure of periosteum observed microscopically.Results The homogeneity of variance test showed homoscedasticity,with no statistical significance(P>0.05).The analysis of variance found homoscedasticity but showed no statistical significance(F=0.253,P>0.05).The periosteum of patel- la,tibial plateau and costa had two layers,while the periosteum of costal cartilage had three layers. Conclusions There is no conspicuous difference upon proliferation and evoluting activities of periosteum from different parts of body.Therefore,it is unnecessary to choose specific parts for drawing the periote- um in clinical situation.In the meantime,the structure of periosteum from different parts diversifies.
8.Suppression of OCT2/MRP2 decreases kidney injury and enhances the chemosensitivity of co-administration of cisplatin and astragaloside IV
Xiao-yu QU ; Jing-hui ZHAI ; Huan GAO ; Li-na TAO ; Yue-ming ZHANG ; Jia-wei GONG ; Yan-qing SONG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2021;56(9):2536-2543
Kidney injury and decreased chemosensitivity of tumor cells are obstacles with cisplatin (CDDP) chemotherapy. Down-regulation of the organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) is a key means to alleviate CDDP-induced kidney injury and increase chemosensitivity. Astragaloside IV (AS IV) is obtained from the well-known traditional Chinese herb
9.Synthesis and in vitro antitumor activity of multi-methoxyl carbazole analogues.
Fu-min ZHAI ; Qi-dong YOU ; Hua WANG ; Xiao-guang CHEN ; Yan LI ; Hong-yan LI
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2004;39(10):808-812
AIMTo design and synthesize new methoxyl carbazole analogues as antitumor compounds.
METHODSMethoxyl-nitrobiphenyls (3a-3c) were prepared through the Ullmann reaction of 4,5-dimethoxyl-2-bromonitrobenzene and methoxyl-iodobenzene compounds with the catalysis of copper powder, and then reduced by P(EtO)3 to obtain methoxyl carbazoles 4a-4c. The modification at 9-position of the methoxyl carbazoles (4a-4c) gives 16 carbazole derivatives (5a-5p). These compounds were confirmed by 1HNMR, MS, IR and elemental analysis.
RESULTIn vitro antitumor activities evaluation in vitro demonstrated that IC50 value of the target compounds 4c, 5a, 5b, 5g, 5h, 5i, 5l, 5n and 5p against HT-29 cells were 12.1, 10.6, 8.1, 3.1, 4.4, 10.1 and 9.2 micromol x L(-1) respectively, and IC50 value of the target compound 4a against KB was 17.7 micromol x L(-1).
CONCLUSIONSome of the target compounds have better inhibitory effects against H-29 and KB cells.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Carbazoles ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; HT29 Cells ; drug effects ; Humans ; KB Cells ; drug effects ; Molecular Structure
10.Exploring the active ingredient of Chinese yellow wine which could inhibit the Hcy induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells.
Li-ping MENG ; Chang-zuan ZHOU ; Yan GUO ; Xiao-ya ZHAI ; Cheng-jian JIANG ; Gang LI ; Ju-fang CHI ; Hang-yuan GUO
Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology 2015;31(5):437-442
OBJECTIVETo explore the active ingredients in the Chinese yellow wine could inhibit the proliferation and migration of rat vascular smooth muscle cells induced by homocysteine (Hcy).
METHODSThe primary culture and identification of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) was conducted, and the VSMCs in passage 4-7 were used in the following experiments. The VSMCs were divided into 7 groups: control, Hcy (1 mmol/L), Hcy + oligosaccharide, Hcy + polypeptides, Hcy + polyphenols, Hcy + alcohol, Hcy + Chinese yellow wine and were given the corresponding treatment. The proliferation of VSMCs was determined by MTT. Transwell chambers and would healing were employed to test the migratory ability of VSMCs. Wester blot and gelatin zymography were used to investigate the expressions and activities of metal matrix proteinase 2/9 (MMP-2/9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) in VSMCs of each group.
RESULTSCompared with control group, the proliferation, migration and the expression and activity of MMP-2/9 of VSMCs were significantly increased in the VSMCs of Hcy group (P < 0.01). Compared with Hcy group, the proliferation, migration and the expression and activity of MMP-2/9 of VSMCs were significantly decreases in the VSMCs of polypeptides group, polyphenols group and Chinese yellow wine group. However, the expression of TIMP-2 among each group had no significant difference.
CONCLUSIONPolypeptides and polyphenols in the Chinese yellow wine could inhibit the proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by Hcy.
Animals ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Homocysteine ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; drug effects ; Peptides ; chemistry ; Polyphenols ; chemistry ; Rats ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 ; metabolism ; Wine