Objective: To observe the effect of phenylephrine (PE) on pressure overload induced myocardial ifbrosis (MF) with its relevance to transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic protein 3 (smad3) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) signal pathway in experimental rats.
Methods: A total of 28 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control group, AAC (abdominal aorta coarctation) group, AAC+PE group and AAC+prazosin group.n=7 in each group. Collagen volume fraction (CVF) of left ventricle was observed by myocardial collagen morphology, left ventricular myocardial tissue protein expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), TGF-β1, smad3 and CTGF were measured by immunohistochemistry, protein expression of α-SMA was also examined by Western blot analysis.
Results:①Myocardial collagen morphology presented that compared with Control group, AAC, AAC+PE and AAC+prazosin groups had increased CVF, allP<0.01; compared with AAC group, AAC+PE group had decreased CVF, P<0.01.②Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that compared with Control group, AAC, AAC+PE and AAC+prazosin groups had up-regulated protein expressions of α-SMA, TGF-β1, smad3 and CTGF, allP<0.01; compared with AAC group, AAC+PE group had down-regulated protein expressions of α-SMA, TGF-β1, smad3 and CTGF, allP<0.01.③Western blot analysis indicated that compared with Control group, AAC, AAC+PE and AAC+prazosin groups had the higher α-SMA expression, allP<0.05; compared with AAC group, AAC+PE group had the lower α-SMA expression, P<0.01.
Conclusion: Phenylephrine could improve pressure overload induced MF in experimental rats which might be related to TGF-β1/smads signal pathway inhibition and CTGF down-regulation.

To observe the clinical efficacy of kidney-nourishing and governor vessel-regulating therapy for apoplexy sequela.Methods:Sixty subjects were equally randomized into observation group and control group,and respectively treated for 35 days.The scores of survival quality,interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-8(IL-8)and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were measured,and the clinical efficacy were compared between two groups.Results and Conclusion:After treatment.all the observational items were improved,with better results in observation group than in control group.This therapy has better effects than regular method in the treatment of apoplexy sequela.

BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional printing technology is a new technology which can quickly and accurately transform the virtual computer-aided design into the three-dimensional physical prototypes. Three-dimensional printing physical model method can replace the method of traditional preoperative planning and repair surgical simulation, with the characteristic of repeatable, which has been deepened day after day in clinical application of spine surgery. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the application status of three-dimensional printing technology in spine surgery and look forward to its future development directions. METHODS: The articles regarding the application of three-dimensional printing technology on clinical applications in spine surgery were retrieved from PubMed databases, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Database from January 2000 to July 2015. The key words were 3D printing technology, rapid prototyping technology, spine, vertebra, department of orthopedics, fracture, joint, hand and foot, bone tumor, trauma, cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacral vertebrae, pedicle of vertebral arch, vertebral body, intervertebral disc, and clinical application. A total of 50 articles with a good representation were selected and discussed after repetitive studies and reviews were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The three-dimensional printing technique has been applied in preoperative diagnosis, individualized orthosis customerization, the communication between doctors and patients, teaching, the formulation of individualized and high-accurate repairing plan, intraoperative navigation and individualized implant customization. These results suggest that with the rapid development of medical imaging, digital medicine and technologies of the cel and tissue culture and new materials, three-dimensional printing technology wil have a wide range of applications in spine surgery.

BACKGROUND:To date, there are few domestic reports about the influence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s on T cel s proliferation in patients with aplastic anemia. And no study addresses the topic that if bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s achieve immune regulation in aplastic anemia patients through inhibiting T cel s proliferation.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s on T cel s immune regulation in patients with aplastic anemia.
METHODS:Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were isolated, cultured and subcultivated in vitro. The morphological appearance of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s was observed and surface markers were measured by flow cyometry. The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were co-cultured with T cel s extracted from peripheral blood of healthy volunteers and aplastic anemia patients for 7 days. The expressions of interferon-γ, interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 in the supernatants were detected with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The levels of interleukin-2 and interferon-γin the supernatant of aplastic anemia patients were significantly higher (P<0.05), while levels of interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 were significantly lower than that in healthy controls (P<0.05). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s suppressed the elevated levels of interleukin-2 and interferon-γ, and enhanced the decreased levels of interleukin-4 and interleukin-10, thus regulating the immune dysfunction of aplastic anemia patients.

BACKGROUND: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)is an effective method for treating multiple malignant hematological diseases and hereditary diseases.However,systematic internal organs disorders,especially pulmonary complications,are commonly following allo-HSCT,How to correctly diagnose and treat the coexistence of pulmonary infectious complications and pulmonary noninfectious complications has great importance.OBJECTIVE: To report a case suffered from pulmonary Aspergillus infection coexisted with obliterative bronchiolitis at 1 year following allo-HSCT,and to discuss the prevention,clinical manifestation and treating method by reviewing related literature.METHODS: At 373 days after allo-HSCT,the patient developed fever,dry cough,shortness of breath and dyspnea on exertion A high-resolution computed tomography of chest demonstrated that there were alveolar infiltrating in the upper,middle and lower lobe of the right lung,and the focus of infection was performed further biopsy.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The histopathological examination of the sample showed alveolus dilatation,epithelial cells hyperplasia,fibrinous obliteration in alveolar space and peribronchiolar lymphocytes inflammation,which were CD3(+),CD45RO(+),CD20(-),CD79a(-),MPO(-),CD34(-).Aspergillus fumigatus could be seen in the cultured biopsied tissue specimen.Pulmonary function test showed that,air flow obstruction with reduction of forced expiratory volume in one second was 59.27%.The patient was diagnosed as invasive pulmonary Aspergillus infection combined with bronchiolitis obliterans and was treated by caspofungin combined with intravenous voriconazole for invasive aspergillosis,methylprednisolone,azathioprine,intravenous immunoglobulin and azithromycin for bronchiolitis obliterans.At 40 days after treatment,the CT examination showed the focus was absorbed completely.

BACKGROUND: The comparative study concerning the safety of umbilical cord and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation for the treatment of nervous system lesions is insufficient. OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety of umbilical cord and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation for treatment of nervous system lesions. METHODS: A total of 214 cases with neuropathy were randomly divided into A, B groups. Patients in the A group received umbilical cord derived stem cell transplantation, and those in the B group received bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation. Totally (5-12)×108 stem cells were transplanted into each patient. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The count of lymphocytes, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, IgA, and IgM were increased compared with those before treatment in both groups (P < 0.01); However there were no significant differences between two groups (P > 0.05). Moreover, white blood cell count and red blood cell count in cerebrospinal fluid of all patients were significantly greater than the normal level. There were no significant differences between two groups (P > 0.05). No significant differences of the positive rate of Pandy test and the incidence rate of adverse effect were found in both groups (P > 0.05). The safety of umbilical cord and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for treatment of nervous system lesions showed no marked differences.

To study the effects of alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma on low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) mRNA expression and antihyperlipedemic levels. The LDLR mRNA expression were detected by real time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-c) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) in serum were measured at the first and last examination. The results show that, after the drug treatment, compared with the model group, each drug group showed a lipid-lowering effect. Especially, coptisine, palmatine, jatrorrhinze were significantly reduced TC, TG, LDL-c (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and increased HDL-c (P < 0.01). In addition, they also increased mRNA expression of the LDLR in liver and HepG2 cells. The results showed that alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma can regulate lipid metabolism disorder, and coptisine have the best lipid-lowering effect.
Alkaloids ; administration & dosage ; Animals ; Cholesterol ; metabolism ; Cricetinae ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Lipid Metabolism ; drug effects ; Lipids ; blood ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; metabolism ; Mesocricetus ; Receptors, Lipoprotein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Triglycerides ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo discuss the protective effect of Mailuoning injection on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and its mechanism.

METHODHealthy male adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group, the model group, the edaravone (3 mg x kg(-1)) control group, and Mailuoning high, middle and low-dose groups (4, 2, 1 mL x kg(-1)), with 10 rats in each group, and administered with drugs through tail intravenous injection. The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was adopted to establish the rat ischemia/reperfusion model. After the ischemia for 2 h and reperfusion for 24 h, the pathological changes in neurovascular units (NVU) of brain tissues at the ischemia side was observed by HE staining. The expressions of glialfibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Ibal) were detected by the immunohistochemical method. The expressions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were detected by the western blotting technique.

RESULTMailuoning injection could significantly improve the pathological changes in cortical penumbra brain tissue UVN of (I/R) rats, reduce the number of GFAP and Ibal positive cells, and significantly decrease the expressions of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 of brain tissues of I/R rats.

CONCLUSIONMailuoning injection shows an obvious protective effect on UVN of I/R rats. Its mechanism may involve the inhibition of the activation of astrocyte and microglia and the secretion and expression of various inflammatory factors.

Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Brain Ischemia ; surgery ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; genetics ; metabolism ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Protective Agents ; administration & dosage ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; genetics ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics ; metabolism

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal B-cell disorder in which malignant plasma cells (PC) accumulate in the bone marrow and produce lytic bone lesions and excessive amounts of monoclonal immunoglobulin. The diagnosis of MM requires the examination of bone marrow, showing PC infiltration, detection and quantification of monoclonal immunoglobulin in the serum or urine and evidence of organ damage (hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, anaemia or bone lesions). This review discusses the significance of immunotyping for diagnosis and prognosis of MM.
Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Multiple Myeloma ; diagnosis ; immunology ; Prognosis

This study is to investigate the effect of the effective components group of Xiaoshuantongluo (XECG) on neuronal injury induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in primary cortical cultures isolated from SD rat cortex at day 3 and the possible mechanism. Cells were divided into control group, OGD model group and XECG group (1, 3 and 10 mg x L(-1)). The cell viability was assessed with MTT assay and the LDH release rate was measured by enzyme label kit. The cell apoptosis was analyzed using Hoechst staining. RT-PCR was applied to detect the mRNA levels of JAK2 and STAT3. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 proteins. Results showed that XECG resulted in an obvious resistance to oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced cell apoptosis and decrement of cell viability, decrease the cell LDH release rate. XECG could adjust the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins and increase Bcl-2/Bax ratio, up-regulate the expression of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3. In conclusion, XECG could protect against the neuronal injury cells exposed to OGD, which may be relevant to the promotion of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, and impact the expression of Bax and Bcl-2.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Glucose ; Janus Kinase 2 ; metabolism ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Oxygen ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism