ObjectiveTo observe the effects of electroacupuncture with "tonifying the kidney and dispelling stasis" acupoint prescription on sexual function in diabetic erectile dysfunction （DMED）model rats， and to explore its possible mechanism of action. MethodsSPF male SD rats were randomly divided into 10 each in blank group， model group， Tadalafil group， and electroacupuncture group. DMED rat model was prepared by high glucose and high fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. After successful modelling， rats in the electroacupuncture group were given electroacupuncture intervention of "tonifying the kidney and dispelling stasis" acupoint prescription once every other day； Tadalafil group was given Tadalafil solution 0.5 mg/kg·d by gavage， and the blank group， model group and electroacupuncture group were given 10 ml/kg pure water by gavage once a day. Each group was intervened for 30 days. The body mass and blood glucose level of the rats were detected on the 1st， 8th， 15th， 22nd days and at the end of the intervention， respectively. At the end of the intervention， the penile erection of the rats was observed by using the apomorphine test； the level of plasma endothelial cell microparticles （EMPs）was detected by flow cytometry； the histopathological morphology of the penile cavernous body was observed by HE staining， and the pathological morphology of the endothelial cells of the penile vasculature was observed by electron microscopy. Serum sex hormones including testosterone （T）， follicle stimulating hormone （FSH）， luteinising hormone （LH） and vascular endothelial function-related factors including vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， endothelin-1 （ET-1）， lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 （LOX-1）， soluble E-selectin （sE-selectin）， and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （sICAM-1） were measured by ELISA method. ResultsCompared with blank group， the model group， Tadalafil group， and electroacupuncture group all had lower body mass and higher blood glucose levels at each time of testing （P＜0.01）. Compared with the blank group， the number of penile erections reduced in the model group， the level of CD31⁺ EMPs increased， the levels of serum T， FSH， LH， and VEGF reduced， and the levels of serum ET-1， LOX-1， sE-selectin， and sICAM-1 increased （P＜0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Tadalafil group and the electroacupuncture group showed an increased number of penile erections decreased level of CD31⁺ EMPs， increased levels of serum T， FSH， LH， and VEGF， and decreased levels of serum ET-1， LOX-1， sE-selectin， and sICAM-1 （P＜0.01）. Compared with the Tadalafil group， serum T， FSH， LH， VEGF levels increased and ET-1， LOX-1 levels decreased in the electroacupuncture group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. HE staining and electron microscopic observation revealed that there was severe pathological damage to the cavernous tissue of the penis and vascular endothelial cells of the rat in the model group， which was ameliorated to a certain degree in both Tadalafil group and electroacupuncture group. ConclusionThe electroacupuncture prescription of "tonifying the kidney and dispelling stasis" can improve the erectile dysfunction of DMED rats， which is comparable to the effect of Tadalafi. Its mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of vascular endothelial function.

This study aims to explore the effects and action mechanisms of the active ingredients in Buyang Huanwu Decoction(BYHWD), namely tetramethylpyrazine(TMP) and hydroxy-safflor yellow A(HSYA), on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reglucose-reoxygenation(OGD/R)-induced inflammation and oxidative stress of microglia(MG). Network pharmacology was used to screen the effective monomer ingredients of BYHWD and determine the safe concentration range for each component. Inflammation and oxidative stress models were established to further screen the best ingredient combination and optimal concentration ratio with the most effective anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. OGD/R BV2 cell models were constructed, and BV2 cells in the logarithmic growth phase were divided into a normal group, a model group, an HSYA group, a TMP group, and an HSYA + TMP group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect the levels of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β(IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and interleukin-6(IL-6). Oxidative stress markers, including superoxide dismutase(SOD), nitric oxide(NO), and malondialdehyde(MDA), were also measured. Western blot was used to analyze the protein expression of both inflammation-related pathway [Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)] and oxidative stress-related pathway [nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)]. Immunofluorescence was used to assess the expression of proteins such as inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and arginase-1(Arg-1). The most effective ingredients for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in BYHWD were TMP and HSYA. Compared to the normal group, the model group showed significantly increased levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, NO, and MDA, along with significantly higher protein expression of NF-κB, TLR4, Nrf2, and HO-1 and significantly lower SOD levels. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant. Compared to the model group, both the HSYA group and the TMP group showed significantly reduced levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, NO, and MDA, lower expression of NF-κB and TLR4 proteins, higher levels of SOD, and significantly increased protein expression of Nrf2 and HO-1. Additionally, the expression of the M1-type MG marker iNOS was significantly reduced, while the expression of the M2-type MG marker Arg-1 was significantly increased. The results of the HSYA group and the TMP group had statistically significant differences from those of the model group. Compared to the HSYA group and the TMP group, the HSYA + TMP group showed further significant reductions in IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, NO, and MDA levels, along with significant reductions in NF-κB and TLR4 protein expression, an increase in SOD levels, and elevated Nrf2 and HO-1 protein expression. Additionally, the expression of the M1-type MG marker iNOS was reduced, while the M2-type MG marker Arg-1 expression increased significantly in the HSYA + TMP group compared to the TMP or HSYA group. The differences in the results were statistically significant between the HSYA + TMP group and the TMP or HSYA group. The findings indicated that the combined use of HSYA and TMP, the active ingredients of BYHWD, can effectively inhibit OGD/R-induced inflammation and oxidative stress of MG, showing superior effects compared to the individual use of either component.
Oxidative Stress/drug effects* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Animals ; Mice ; Glucose/metabolism* ; Cell Line ; Inflammation/genetics* ; Oxygen/metabolism* ; Pyrazines/pharmacology* ; Microglia/metabolism* ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/immunology* ; NF-kappa B/immunology* ; Toll-Like Receptor 4/immunology* ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology* ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: To explore prevalence, incidence and possible factors of immediate herniated discs after posterior cervical expansive open-door laminoplasty (EODL). METHODS: Totally 29 patients with cervical spinal stenosis and intervertebral disc herniation who underwent EODL from October 2020 to December 2021 were collected, including 24 males and 5 females, aged from 43 to 81 years old with an average of (61.3±9.0) years old;the courses of disease ranged from 1 to 120 months with an average of (36.4±37.0) months. Three or more intervertebral discs on C₃-C₇ were observed. The clinical efficacy was evaluated according to Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score before operation, 3 days and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after operation, respectively. The changes of herniated disc before and after operation were measured by multipoint area method and two-dimensional distance method, and incidence and percentage of herniated disc regression were further calculated. Cervical imaging parameters such as Cobb angle (C₃-C₇), intervertebral angle, T₁ slope (T₁S), spinal canal sagittal diameter, K-line angle, dural sac sagittal diameter were measured and compared before and after operation. Pearson correlation was used to analyze correlation between cervical sagittal imaging parameters and disc herniation changes before and after operation. RESULTS: All patients obtained grade A wound healing, and 14 of them were followed up for 3(1.00, 5.25) months. There were no immediate or long-term postoperative complications. Totally 101 herniated intervertebral discs were measured, of which 79 regression numbers were obtained by area measurement. The number of intervertebral disc regressions by distance measurement was 77. There was no statistically significant difference in Cobb angle, intervertebral angle, T₁S and K-line angle of C₃-C₇ (P>0.05), however, there were statistically significant differences in sagittal diameter of spinal canal, sagittal diameter of dural sac, and JOA score before and after operation(P<0.05). The regression ratio of disc herniation ranged from 5% to 50%, and regression ratio of disc herniation was greater than 25% in 45.57%(36/79). Disc herniation in C_4,5 was positively correlated with sagittal plane diameter in C₅(r=0.423, P=0.028). There was a negative correlation between changes of C_3,4 and C_3,4 intervertebral angle (r=-0.450, P=0.041). The improvement rate of cervical JOA score immediately after operation was (59.54±15.07) %, and postoperative follow-up improved to (76.57±14.66) %. CONCLUSION Herniated disc regression immediately after EODL is a common occurrence, and EODL should be selected as far as possible under the premise of satisfying surgical indications. The regression of disc herniation is positively correlated with spinal canal sagittal diameter, and spinal canal should be enlarged as far as possible in the appropriate scope during EODL, so as to create more opportunities and conditions for disc regression and achieve better clinical results.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement/diagnostic imaging* ; Spinal Stenosis/diagnostic imaging* ; Laminoplasty/methods* ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging* ; Adult ; Aged, 80 and over ; Intervertebral Disc/surgery*

OBJECTIVES: To study clinical manifestations and gene mutation features of neonates with centronuclear myopathy. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical data of 5 neonates with centronuclear myopathy diagnosed in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2020 to August 2024. The data included gender, gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score, clinical manifestations, creatine kinase level, electromyography, genetic testing results and the outcomes of the infants. RESULTS: All 5 male neonates had a history of postpartum asphyxia and resuscitation. They all presented with hypotonia, myasthenia, and respiratory failure; two neonates also had swallowing dysfunction. Of the five neonates, three had normal creatine kinase levels, while two had slightly elevated levels. Electromyography was performed for three neonates, among whom two had myogenic damage. MTM1 gene mutations were identified by genetic testing in all five neonates, including two nonsense mutations and three missense mutations, among which one variant had not been previously reported. Four mutations were inherited from the mother, and the other one was a de novo mutation. The five neonates showed no clinical improvement following treatment, failed weaning from mechanical ventilation, and ultimately died after withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy. CONCLUSIONS Centronuclear myopathy caused by MTM1 gene mutation often has a severe phenotype and a poor prognosis, and it should be considered for neonates with hypotonia and myasthenia after birth. Genetic testing should be performed as soon as possible.
Humans ; Myopathies, Structural, Congenital/genetics* ; Male ; Infant, Newborn ; Retrospective Studies ; Mutation ; Female ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor/genetics*

Objective To explore the relationship between bedtime procrastination and fear of missing out and the intervention effect of aerobic exercise on bedtime procrastination,so as to provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for remedying bedtime procrastination.Methods Totally 988 students were selected through random sampling and then surveyed with the bedtime procrastination scale and the fear of missing out scale.Correlation and regression analyses were performed to explore the relationship between bedtime procrastination and fear of missing out.A total of 36 students were recruited from the 988 students to participate in the exercise intervention and they were assigned into an exercise group and a control group by the random number table method,with 18 students in each group.The exercise group performed aerobic exercise for 12 weeks,while the control group maintained daily activities.The participants' scores on the bedtime procrastination scale and the fear of missing out scale were recorded before and after the intervention and compared.Results The fear of missing out was positively correlated with bedtime procrastination among college students(r=0.214,P<0.001),and it was an important predictive factor for bedtime procrastination(β=0.241,P<0.001).After the intervention,the scores of bedtime procrastination scale decreased in the exercise group(t=2.277,P=0.036),while there was no significant difference in the scores of the control group before and after intervention(t=-0.787,P=0.442).Conclusions A high level of fear of missing out indicates severe bedtime procrastination.And 12-week exercise intervention could remedy bedtime procrastination.
Humans ; Fear ; Exercise ; Male ; Female ; Procrastination ; Young Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Students/psychology* ; Adult ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Adolescent

Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy(MNGIE),a rare mitochondrial disorder caused by TYMP gene mutations,is characterized by severe gastrointestinal dysmotility,peripheral neuropathy,and leukodystrophy.This article summarizes the clinical data and intestinal ultrasound findings of a MNGIE case,aiming to provide insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Humans ; Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies/diagnostic imaging* ; Ultrasonography ; Intestines/diagnostic imaging* ; Male ; Female ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction/diagnostic imaging* ; Ophthalmoplegia/congenital* ; Muscular Dystrophy, Oculopharyngeal

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). The imbalanced gut microbiota causes damage to the body and disrupts bile acids metabolism, increases susceptibility to CRC, and affects the signaling of farnesol X receptor (FXR), thereby promoting CRC progression. Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in the treatment of CRC due to its synergistic regulatory effects of multiple components, targets, and pathways. It can regulate gut microbiota, intervene in bile acids metabolism, and activate its receptor FXR to inhibit the occurrence and development of CRC. Based on this, this article discusses the main role of the gut microbiota-bile acids-FXR axis in the development of CRC, and reviews the anti CRC effects and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine intervention on gut microbiota-bile acids-FXR axis, in order to provide new ideas and methods for the prevention and treatment of CRC.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of venetoclax(VEN)combined with azacitidine(AZA)in the treatment of adult acute myeloid leukemia(AML)patients who are unfit for intensive chemotherapy.Methods:The clinical data of 21 adult patients with unfit AML who were treated with VEN combined with AZA in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2021 to May 2022 were collected,and the efficacy and safety were analyzed retrospectively.Results:After one course of treatment with VEN and AZA,16 out of 21 unfit AML patients reached complete remission(CR)/CR with incomplete hematologic recovery(CRi),2 patients reached partial remission(PR),the overall response rate(ORR)was 85.7％.Among the 16 patients with CR/CRi,13 achieved minimal residual disease(MRD)negativity.Among the 11 patients with adverse prognosis,8 achieved CR/CRi.By the deadline of follow-up,the median overall suivival(OS)of the entire cohort was not reached,with 1-year OS rate of 61.7％.The main adverse events of VEN combined with AZA were myelosuppression,gastrointestinal reactions and infections.There were 13 cases of leukopenia,7 cases of neutropenia,7 cases of anemia,4 cases of thrombocytopenia,and these hematologic adverse events were all grade 3-4.There were 11 cases with gastrointestinal reactions and 7 cases with infections.The above adverse events were controllable and tolerable.No tumor lysis syndrome or infection related death occurred.Conclusion:VEN combined with AZA can quickly achieve deep remission in adult patients with unfit AML,and it shows a good safety profile.

Objective:To detect the expression of L-type amino acid transporter 1(LAT1)in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL)tissues,and analyze its effect on clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients.Methods:A total of 92 NHL patients who were treated in our hospital from January 2017 to April 2019 were collected.The expression of LAT1 in NHL tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry and compared between patients with different pathological features(including sex,Ann Arbor stage,extranodal infiltration,Ki-67).The risk factors affecting mortality were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to detect the predictive value of percentage of LAT1-positive cells in NHL tissue for patient mortality,and analyzing the effect of percentage of LAT1-positive cells on survival rate.Results:LAT1 was positively expressed in NHL tissue.The high expression rate of LAT1 in Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ groups were higher than that in Ann Arbor stage Ⅰ group,that in extranodal infiltration group was higher than non-extranodal infiltration group,and that in Ki-67 positive expression group was higher than Ki-67 negative expression group(all P＜0.05).The remission rate after 3 courses of treatment in high-LAT1 expression group was 70.7％,which was lower than 91.2％in low-LAT1 expression group(P＜0.05).Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ,extranodal invasion,Ki-67 positive expression and increased expression of LAT1(LAT1-positive cell percentage score &ge; 2)were risk factors for mortality.The cut-off value of percentage of LAT1-positive cells for predicting NHL death was 45.6％,and the area under the ROC curve was 0.905(95％CI:0.897-0.924).The 3-year survival rate of high-LAT1 level group(the percentage of LAT1-positive cells &ge; 45.6％)was 50.00％,which was lower than 78.26％of low-LAT1 level group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The expression level of LAT1 in NHL tissue increases,which affects Ann Arbor stage and extranodal infiltration of patients.LAT1 is a risk factor for death.

Aim To explore the mechanism and mate-rial basis of Shenkang injection(SKI)in the treatment of renal fibrosis(RF)by bioinformatics and in vitro experiments.Methods The differentially expressed genes of RF were screened by GEO database.With the help of CMAP database,based on the similarity princi-ple of gene expression profile,the drugs that regulated RF were repositioned,and then the components of SKI potential treatment RF were screened by molecular fin-gerprint similarity analysis.At the same time,the core targets and pathways of SKI regulating RF were predic-ted based on network pharmacology.Finally,it was verified by molecular docking and cell experiments.Results Based on the GEO database,two RF-related data sets were screened,and CMAP was relocated to three common RF therapeutic drugs(saracatinib,da-satinib,pp-2).Molecular fingerprint similarity analysis showed that RF therapeutic drugs had high structural similarity with five SKI components such as salvianolic acid B and hydroxysafflor yellow A.Molecular docking results showed that salvianolic acid B,hydroxysafflor yellow A and other components had good binding abili-ty with MMP1 and MMP13,which were the core targets of SKI-regulated potential treatment of RF.Network pharmacology analysis suggested that the core targets of SKI were mainly enriched in signaling pathways such as Relaxin and AGE-RAGE.Cell experiments showed that SKI could significantly reduce the mRNA expres-sion levels of AGER,NFKB1,COL1A1,SERPINE1,VEGFC in AGE-RAGE signaling pathway and MMP1 and MMP13 in Relaxin signaling pathway in RF model cells,and significantly increase the mRNA expression level of RXFP1.Conclusions SKI can play a role in the treatment of RF by regulating Relaxin and AGE-RAGE signaling pathways,and its material basis may be salvianolic acid B,hydroxysafflor yellow A and other components.