Administration, Cutaneous ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Analgesia ; methods ; Female ; Fentanyl ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Pain, Postoperative ; prevention & control ; Tonsillectomy ; methods ; Young Adult

Transforming growth factor-β is an important cytokine with various bioactivities, including embryonic development, wound healing, chemotaxis and cell cycle regulation. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the main pathway of tumor cell to obtain the ability of invasion and metastasis. The TGF-β is the key factor known to induce EMT in cancer cells and plays an important role in the process. In recent years, some progress has been obtained. Some TGF-β inhibitors have approved in the market or in clinical trials. TGF-β inhibitors can play an important role on the treatment of tumors, glaucoma, liver and kidney fibrosis disease and scar repair. Novel TGF-β inhibitors reported in recent years were reviewed in this article.
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Wound Healing

This is a report of 3 cases of parkinsonism with long term administration of lamivudine. The clinic features were mask like faces, shuffling gait, lethargy and reduced automatic movement. After stopping use of lamivudine and treatment of anticholingeric drugs, the symptoms and signs of all cases were ameliorated. The possibilities of Wilson’s disease and other secondary parkinsonisms were excluded. The parkinsonism was attributed to complications from lamivudine. Lamivudine associated parkinsonism has not been reported previously in the medical literature.

OBJECTIVETo study the roles of actin and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta(1) in the injury repair and the development of emphysema.

METHODSWistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: the smoking and infection group (group SI) and the control group (group C). The rats of group SI received smoking irritation accompanying with repeated intranasal infection. Subgroups of the experimental animals were killed in the 2nd, 4th, 8th and 16th weeks respectively. The morphological changes of lungs were compared and PaO(2), PaCO(2) as well as the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) were analysed. The lung sections were stained with immunohistochemistry for actin and TGF-beta(1).

RESULTSIn comparison with animals of group C, thickening of the bronchiolar walls, narrowing of bronchiolar lumens, and area of emphysema were much severe in animals of group SI (P < 0.05). The muscularization of intra-alveolar arteries in group SI in the 16th week was apparent in comparing with that in group C (P < 0.05). PaO(2) values in group SI were significantly decreased, and RVSP values in group SI were significantly increased in the 8th and 16th week (P < 0.05). Actin expression was increased in animals of group SI in the 4th and 8th week (0.24 +/- 0.06 and 0.25 +/- 0.05) in comparing with that of group C (0.09 +/- 0.03) (P < 0.05). Animals of group SI showed a significant increase of TGF-beta(1) in lung tissue in different periods as mentioned in above (33.33 +/- 12.11, 45.71 +/- 15.12, 71.43 +/- 16.76 and 86.25 +/- 20.66 respectively).

CONCLUSIONSThe increased expression of actin and TGF-beta(1) protein in small airways induced by smoking irritation and Klebsiella Pneumoniae may interfere with the repair response, and contributes to the development of emphysema.

Actins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Bronchi ; metabolism ; pathology ; Epithelial Cells ; metabolism ; Female ; Klebsiella Infections ; microbiology ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Lung ; pathology ; Male ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Smoking ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

In order to study the microstructure characteristics of normal lunate bones,eight fresh cadaver normal lunates were scanned with micro-computed tomography.High-resolution images of the micro-structure of normal lunates were obtained and we analyzed the nutrient foramina.Then nine regions of interest (ROI) were chosen in the central sagittal plane so that we could obtain the parameters of trabecular bones of ROIs.The distal lamellar-like compact structure had statistically significant differences when it was compared with the ROIs in the volar and dorsal ends of the distal cortex.The difference of diameter between the volar and dorsal foramina was significant (P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference regarding the number.The trabecular bones of the volar and dorsal distal ends had lower intensity than those of the distal central subchondral bone plate.The diameters of the nutrient foramina on the volar cortex were larger than those on the dorsal.This research provided more detailed information about microstructure of normal lunate and the nutrient foramina on cortex,and a reference for further study about diseased lunate.

BACKGROUNDTo avoid the irritation of tendons and soft tissues as well as hardware-related problems, we designed an intramedullary fixation with bioabsorbable rods for the treatment of the metacarpal shaft fractures.

METHODSFive patients with nine shaft fractures of the fourth and fifth metacarpi were treated with intramedullary absorbable implants and followed up with an average of 4.2 months postoperatively.

RESULTSAt final follow-up, all patients achieved fracture union with no signs of inflammatory or subcutaneous effusion. There was no shortening, angulatory, or rotatory deformity. There was almost full active extension range of motion (ROM) of the metacarpophalangeal joints while the active flexion ROM of these joints was 80.7 ± 9.6°. Compared with the contralateral hand, the grip strength of the injured hand was 94.0 ± 9.6%. X-rays showed that the arch of the second to fifth metacarpal heads was smooth. There were no intramedullary lytic changes and soft tissue swellings.

CONCLUSIONThe intramedullary absorbable implants are a safe, simple, and practical treatment for fourth and fifth metacarpal fractures with good early clinical outcomes and no significant complications.

Absorbable Implants ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Male ; Metacarpal Bones ; injuries ; surgery ; Range of Motion, Articular ; physiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between morphological characteristics of growth cycle for Epimedium acuminatium and accumulation level of secondary metabolites.

METHODAfter making habitat clear, methods of morphology observation, specimen preparation, organism charting were applied to record morphological characteristics of E. acuminatium at different stages. HPLC was employed to detect icariin content of different parts of the plant at the stage of vegetative growth and sexual reproduction.

RESULTThe growth cycle of E. acuminatium was divided into vegetative growth stage and sexual and asexual reproduction coexistence stage. Seven to eight years were needed for the plants flowering and seeding of E. acuminatimcan in open land of forest edge, but within good nutrition conditions, growth cycle is shortened into three to four years. The difference of icariin content in two growth stages was not significant.

CONCLUSIONMorphological change of lower and foliar organ can be utilized to estimate growth age. But after applying sexual propagation for both root and stem of grown plants, it's been difficult to determine their growth year. If individual biomass or yield is economical, plants can be harvested in both vegetative growth and sexual reproduction stages.

Biomass ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Epimedium ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Flavonoids ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Reproduction ; Seedlings ; metabolism

Promoting the construction of healthy enterprises in the China's coal industry will help coal enterprises to fulfill their ， ， legal and social responsibilities contribute to the construction of healthy cities and protect the health of occupational ， ， individuals from various aspects. In recent years the patriotic health campaign the health promotion project of industrial and ， ， ， mining enterprises the construction of standardized management system of coal mine safety the construction of green mines and the construction project of staff quality have laid the foundation for the construction of healthy enterprises in China's coal ， industry. However the development of coal industry in China is unbalanced and insufficient. There are many problems such as a ， general lack of professional talents the exist of a large number of small coal mines and the underprivileged technology of coal ， ， ， mining poor working environment in underground coal mines many occupational hazards in workplace and relatively few special incentive measures for the construction of healthy enterprises in the coal industry. It is recommended that coal ， enterprises with advanced productivity take the lead to demonstrate coal mine industry construction actively promote advanced ， ， and applicable technology and equipment steadily improve the professional level of coal industry workers comprehensively ， ， improve the environment of mining areas strengthen the monitoring and treatment of occupational hazards improve and ， - implement special incentive measures for healthy enterprises and comprehensively promote the high quality development of coal industry and the construction of healthy enterprises. So as to effectively protect the health occupational rights and interests of workers and provide assistance for occupational health work in the new era.

OBJECTIVE: To study the disability identification for cases with clinical diagnosis of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) due to traffic accidents, and to explore the possible effects of DAI on identification results. METHODS: Five hundred and fifty-six cases of cerebral injury due to traffic accidents were collected, including 467 cases diagnosed with cerebral contusion or laceration and 89 cases diagnosed with DAI. The identification results of different groups with diagnosis of DAI diagnosis, diagnosis of DAI with cerebral contusion (laceration), and diagnosis of cerebral contusion or laceration without DAI were compared and statistically analyzed, based on the results of CT and MRI re-review. RESULTS: The disability identification levels in DAI group (20 cases), DAI group (69 cases) with cerebral contusion (laceration) and DAI group (467 cases) not complicated by cerebral contusion (laceration) were 7.72 +/- 1.09, 7.78 +/- 1.11, and 8.86 +/- 0.66, respectively. The disability levels of the two groups diagnosed with DAI were higher than those of the group without DAI diagnosis (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Patients with DAI diagnosis might have more severe cerebral injury. In the identification process, one should pay attention to the possible missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, and meanwhile avoid relying on those evidences provided only by CT and MRI.
Accidents, Traffic ; Brain Injuries/diagnosis* ; Diagnostic Errors ; Diffuse Axonal Injury/etiology* ; Disability Evaluation ; Forensic Pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Resin Cements ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVEDual detection of Salmonella and Shigella using modified molecular beacons and real-time PCR was developed. The established method was applied to rapid diagnosis of Salmonella and Shigella' food poisoning, and for routine monitoring programs.

METHODSTwo sets of primers were designed based on the core sequence of invA gene and ssaR gene published on GenBank to detect Salmonella, and ipaH gene were selected to detect Shigella. Three corresponding modified molecular beacons labeled with different fluorophors were designed. The molecular beacons and primer sets were tested against numerous strains from 55 different bacterial species. Then the two assays were combined to establish the dual real-time PCR assay, and were applied to the food poisoning diagnosis and surveillance.

RESULTSFor the modified molecular beacons-based dual real-time PCR assay, the sensitivity achieved was 69-93 fg/microl, 32-64 CFU/ml or 1-2 CFU/PCR reaction. There was no cross-reaction with other bacteria served as control. The dual real-time PCR assay was used to detect 134 Salmonella strains and 67 Shigella strains but no false signals were observed. 1100 food poisoning samples were tested with 569 Salmonella and 42 were Shigella identified by real time PCR. Among the positive samples, 551 were detected Salmonella and 41 were Shigella by traditional culture method. The overall test could be finished within 2 hours to one day starting from sample preparation.

CONCLUSIONThe modified molecular beacons-based dual real-time PCR assay was rapid, sensitive, and specific. It could be applied to the rapid diagnosis of Salmonella and Shigella' food poisoning.

DNA Primers ; Dysentery, Bacillary ; diagnosis ; Genes, Bacterial ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Salmonella ; genetics ; Salmonella Food Poisoning ; diagnosis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Shigella ; genetics