The isolate GN52 of Riemerrella anatipestifer was passaged on the Martin Medium successively according to the optimum condition. The experiments included Gram staining, biochemical test, drug sensitivity test and animal experiments were carried out on the bacteria of 3rd, 11th, 21st, 31st, 41st, 51st and 61st generations. It indicated that the bacterial morphs, biochemical character, drug resistance of the strain had no obvious change, but the virulence showed a trend of reduction.

Objective To investigate prevalence of healthcare-associated infection(HAI) and community associated infection(CAD in hospitalized patients in Hebei Province.Methods A certain day from August 17 to August 28,2015 was selected as the survey day,unified questionnaires were formulated,the prevalence of HAI and CAI in hospitalized patients in secondary and above comprehensive hospitals in Hebei Province was surveyed,pathogens causing infection were analyzed and compared.Results A total of 65 065 patients in 253 hospitals were surveyed,prevalence rates of HAI and CAI were 2.89％ and 16.84％ respectively.The top three sites of HAI were respiratory tract(61.32％),urinary tract(12.49％),and surgical site(9.83％),the top three sites of CAI were respiratory tract (56.70％),urinary tract(10.89％),and gastrointestinal tract(8.35％).Distribution of sites of HAI and CAI was significantly different(P＜0.01).The top 5 pathogens were of the same species,but ranked differently,the main bacteria causing HAI was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.69％),CAI was Escherichia coli (23.79％).There was significant difference in the distribution of pathogens between HAI and CAI (P＜0.01).There were significant differences in pathogenic species causing respiratory tract,gastrointestinal tract,urinary tract,and intra abdominal infection(all P＜0.05).Isolation rates of extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing/carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae,methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus between HAI and CAI were all significantly different(all P ＜0.001).Conclusion Incidence of infection,infection sites,as well as constituent of pathogens and multidrugresistant organisms between HAI and CAI are varied,besides monitoring on HAI,monitoring on drug resistance of pathogens causing CAI should be paid attention,so as to provide scientific basis for rational antimicrobial use in clinical practice.

The genomic DNA extracted from chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) of SPF chickens from three chicken farms was used as template to amplify the ALV proviral DNA by PCR with four pairs of primers, high positive detection rates of gag - gene (29/46), pol - gene (27/46), env - gene (24/46) and LTR fragment (31/46) were achieved. Eight continuous and overlapping fragments were amplified from one DNA sample with 8 pairs of primers according to published sequences, then cloned into the TA vector and se quenced. The complete sequence of the whole genome of ALV strain SD0501 was established and analyzed with DNAstar software. Comparisons of SD0501 sequence with that of other representative endogenous avian virus strains demonstrated that the genomes of ALV were relatively conservative, the nucleotide identity of all the strains was over 99.1%, and env - gene was over 98.5%. However, a low identity was demonstrated among the representative strains of different subgroups, especially, the env - gene showed obvious difference, the corresponding identity was as low as 56.3% - 91.5%.
Animals ; Avian Leukosis Virus ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Chick Embryo ; Genome, Viral ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Proviruses ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms ; Terminal Repeat Sequences

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in manganese chloride (MnCl(2))-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells.

METHODSThe model that MnCl(2) induced apoptosis in PC12 cells was established. The apoptotic effect of MnCl(2) on PC12 cells was analyzed with the MTT, the flow cytometry and the DNA fragmentation. The production of ROS and ATP in MnCl(2)-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells was examined. The influence of MnCl(2) on the expression of bcl-xl, bax and the activity of Caspase 3 was also analyzed.

RESULTSMnCl(2) triggered PC12 cells apoptosis in a dose-and time-dependent manner (P < 0.01). The rate of apoptosis was significantly increased (P < 0.01) when MnCl(2) of 2 mmol/L induced PC12 cells for 36 hours. The production of ROS was increased (P < 0.001) and the quantity of ATP was decreased (P < 0.01) in PC12 cells with the same inducement of MnCl(2). The expression of bcl-xl was inhibited and the bax was activated in this process (P < 0.01). Caspase 3 was also activated (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONMnCl(2) induces apoptosis of PC12 cells, which is related to the increase of ROS, the inhibition of the mitochondria and the activation of Caspase 3.

Adenosine Triphosphate ; biosynthesis ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Chlorides ; toxicity ; DNA Fragmentation ; drug effects ; Manganese Compounds ; PC12 Cells ; Rats ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; biosynthesis ; bcl-X Protein ; biosynthesis

ObjectiveTo evaluate the prognostic value of MTV on 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with esophageal cancer.MethodsForty-nine patients with esophageal cancer underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT scan before surgery.The median follow-up time for the patients was 29 months (range,8- 57 months).The prognostic significance of MTV,age,sex,histologic grade,SUVmax of the primary tumor,tumor size measured on PET/CT,T stage,N stage,M stage,American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage,number and location of lymph nodes metastases were assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariate Cox model.ResultsIn the univariate analysis,AJCC stage (x2 =16.206,hazard ratio (HR) =1.177,P ＜0.001),N stage (x2 =9.536,HR =10.833,P =0.002),T stage (x2 =5.810,HR=2.397,P=0.016),number of lymph nodes metastases (x2 =11.423,HR =1.567,P =0.001 ),and MTV (x2 =3.872,HR =2.433,P =0.049 ) were significant predictors of survival.Multivariate analysis showed that MTV and AJCC stage were independent predictors of survival (x2 =4.525,HR1.170,P =0.033 ;X2=4.875,HR =3.071,P =0.027).Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed longer survival time of low-MTV group as compared to high-MTV group ( Log-rank,x2 =4.186,P =0.041 ).ConclusionMTV on 18 F-FDG PET/CT may be an independent prognostic factor in patients with esophageal cancer.

Objective To investigate the effect of laparoscopic ultrasonography assistance in minimally invasive surgery for uterine leiomyoma patients and provide scientific basis for reducing the recurrence rate of uterine leiomyoma. Methods 156 cases of uterine leiomyoma from January 2011 to June 2014 were divided into control group and observation group according to the digital table method, 78 cases in each. The control group were treated with conventional laparoscopic surgery, while the observation group with laparoscopic ultrasonography assistance, then compare the postoperative residue, recurrence in 12 months at different time points and the number of fibroids diameter, analyze the relationship between number of uterine muscle tumor and residual recurrence. Results There were no significant differences in operation time, blood loss, length of hospital stay and anal exhaust time between the two groups. The proportion of patients in the observation group and the recurrence rate within 12 months were significantly lower than those in the control group, the number of uterine leiomyomas in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months after operation. The patients in the two groups were followed up for 3 months and 6 months the maximum diameter of uterine leiomyoma was not statistically significant, the observation group 9 months and 12 months after the maximum diameter of uterine fibroids was significantly lower than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant; with the patient's uterine muscle the number of residual tumor and the recurrence rate were significantly increased. When the number of uterine leiomyomas was 10 or more, the residual rate was 100.0％ and the recurrence rate was 80.0％. Conclusion Laparoscopic ultrasonography assistance in minimally invasive surgery for patients with uterine fibroids can effectively reduce the postoperative residual rate and recurrence rate, worthy of clinical promotion.

Purpose To study the infection mode and distribution of high risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) in lowgrade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) and to analysis its effect.Methods HPV genotype of 328 cervical tissues embedded by paraffin which contained 168 LSILs and 160 highgrade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) were detected by the methods of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and in situ hybridization.Results Diseased cells of LSIL stained with hematoxylin and eosin(HE) were concentrated in the upper layer of the cervical squamous epithelium,whereas HSIL were concentrated in the lower layer of the epithelium in HE staining.In LSIL,the positive ratcs of HR-HPV was 95.2％.In LSIL and HSIL,HPV 16/18 positive rates were 26.2％,57.5％,respectively.Other HR-HPV positive rates were 80.9％,55.0％,respectively.The differences were statistically significant (P ＜0.001).HR-HPV positive rate was 70.2％ in the group of in situ hybridization.The positive cells were confined to the surface and middle layer of the LSIL cervical squamous epithelium.Conclusion HR-HPV infection is closely related to LSIL,especially other HR-HPV (except for HPV 16/18).The infection mode of HR-HPV in LSIL starts from the surface layer of the cervical squamous epithelium.

Acute Disease ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; Child ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; analysis ; Histocytochemistry ; Humans ; Leukemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; analysis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo identify the effect of NEP on Abeta -induced apoptosis in PC12 cells.

METHODSPC12 cells that stably express NEP is generated and the effect of NEP on the process of apoptosis induced by Abeta is analyzed, including the viability of the cells, the production of LDH, ROS and ATP, the activity of Caspase-3.

RESULTSNEP could improve the viability of cells and the production of ATP, inhibit the release of LDH and ROS. In the same time, the activity of caspase-3 descended (P < 0.05). But iNEP had not significant effect on cells apoptosis (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNEP has the protective effect on Abeta-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells.

Amyloid beta-Peptides ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Endopeptidases ; genetics ; metabolism ; PC12 Cells ; Rats ; Transfection

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Ankle Joint ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular ; drug therapy ; pathology ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Young Adult